Determinants of the Employment Quality Index (EQI) among Venezuelan migrants in Peru: social capital, cultural integration, discrimination, and gender inequalities

Abstract

This study examines the determinants of job quality among Venezuelan migrants in Peru, a country that has received one of the largest migration flows in the region in recent years. It utilizes the National Survey of the Venezuelan Population 2022 and estimates a beta regression model to analyze how factors related to human capital, cultural integration, community social networks, perceived discrimination, and gender are associated with a multidimensional index of job quality. The results show that the level of education attained in Venezuela, continuous education in the host country, and cultural integration are positively associated with higher job quality, while community social networks and discrimination present negative associations. Additionally, gender disparities in access to better-quality jobs are evident. The study contributes to the literature on labor migration in Latin America by providing empirical evidence on the factors associated with job quality for migrants, highlighting the importance of policies aimed at reducing structural barriers and strengthening human and social capital to facilitate labor integration