Miositis lúpica fulminante: un caso excepcional

Abstract

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic, multisystem autoimmune disease with a broad clinical spectrum. Among its manifestations, neuromuscular complications are rare and often underestimated. We present the case of a young patient whose SLE was complicated by fulminant myositis associated with severe central neurological involvement. Despite intensive immunosuppressive treatment, the course was rapidly unfavorable, resulting in death due to respiratory failure secondary to diaphragmatic dysfunction. This case highlights the rarity and severity of lupus myositis and emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis and aggressive therapeutic intervention.El lupus eritematoso sistémico (LES) es una enfermedad autoinmune crónica y multisistémica con un espectro clínico amplio. Entre sus manifestaciones, las complicaciones neuromusculares son poco frecuentes y a menudo subestimadas. Presentamos el caso de un paciente joven cuyo LES se complicó con una miositis fulminante asociada a compromiso neurológico central severo. A pesar de un tratamiento inmunosupresor intensivo, la evolución fue rápidamente desfavorable, con desenlace fatal por insuficiencia respiratoria secundaria a fallo diafragmático. Este caso ilustra la rareza y la gravedad de la miositis lúpica y resalta la importancia de un diagnóstico precoz y una intervención terapéutica agresiva

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Revista Española de Casos Clínicos en Medicina Interna

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Last time updated on 05/01/2026

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