Changes in the Incidence of STEMI in Young Patients Before and After the COVID-19 Pandemic

Abstract

• Introducción: La infección por virus SARS-CoV-2 ha sido relacionada con un aumento de la patología cardiovascular en la población joven. Por ello en este estudio se ha tratado de analizar los cambios en la incidencia y el perfil clínico del síndrome coronario agudo con elevación del segmento ST (SCACEST) en pacientes < 55 años. • Metodología: Estudio observacional, retrospectivo en pacientes <55 años con SCACEST tratados en el Hospital Universitario Valdecilla. Fueron divididos en 2 grupos pre y post pandemia, comparando su perfil clínico, eventos y evolución. También se comparan los pacientes tratados en 2020 respecto a todos los demás. • Resultados: Se produjo un aumento del 37,5% en la incidencia de casos totales, siendo estos de media 2,24 años mayores, y con una prevalencia creciente en el sexo masculino (78,1% vs 89,4%, p=0,02). Las características del evento índice fueron similares en ambos grupos, y apenas se produjeron eventos en el seguimiento a un año. El grupo de 2020 tuvo un pico de troponina menor (65034 vs 105178 ng/dl, p=0,015), sin otras diferencias significativas. • Conclusiones: La incidencia de SCACEST en pacientes jóvenes ha incrementado después de la pandemia. Sin embargo, el perfil clínico de los pacientes es similar.• Introduction: SARS-CoV-2 virus infection has been associated with an increase in cardiovascular pathology among the young population. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze changes in the incidence and clinical profile of ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome (STEMI) in individuals under 55 years of age. • Methodology: Observational, retrospective study of patients under 55 with STEMI treated at Valdecilla University Hospital. Patients were divided into two equivalent periods, pre- and post-pandemic, comparing their clinical profile, events, and outcomes. Patients treated in 2020 were also compared to all others. • Results: There was a 37.5% increase in the total incidence of cases, with patients being on average 2.24 years older and a growing prevalence among males (78.1% vs. 89.4%, p=0,02). The characteristics of the event were similar in both groups, and very few events occurred during one-year follow-up. The 2020 group had a lower peak troponin level (65,034 vs. 105,178 ng/dl, p=0,015), but no other significant differences. Conclusions: There has been an increase in the incidence of STEMI in young patients after the pandemic. However, their clinical profile remained similar.Grado en Medicin

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Last time updated on 19/11/2025

This paper was published in UCrea.

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