Resident Case Series: The Utility of the Athletic Shoulder Test Using Wireless Portable Force Plates for Measuring Peak Force in NCAA Division One Collegiate Quarterbacks

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Given the high incidence of shoulder injuries among quarterbacks due to the repetitive stress of the overhead throwing motion, there is a need for targeted, sport-specific assessments that reflect the functional demands of throwing. The Athletic Shoulder (ASH) test, previously validated in rugby and baseball populations, offers a potential solution for upper extremity strength assessment in football quarterbacks. The primary purpose of this case series was to explore the feasibility of conducting the ASH test as a method for evaluating upper extremity strength in overhead athletes, specifically collegiate quarterbacks. STUDY DESIGN: Case series. METHODS: Three NCAA Division I quarterbacks participated in weekly ASH testing over a nine-week period. Peak isometric force, peak force normalized to body weight, and limb symmetry indices were measured in the shoulder Y and T positions using portable force plates. Testing was completed pre-practice on non-game days to minimize fatigue effects and maintain consistency. RESULTS: The dominant shoulder consistently produced greater peak force than the non-dominant side in both Y and T positions. The mean dominant-to-non-dominant limb symmetry index was 1.13 in the Y position and 1.14 in the T position. Within limbs, peak force was greater in the Y position than in the T position. In both positions and in both arms, athletes generated at least 14% of their body weight in force on average. CONCLUSION: These findings can provide insight into strength asymmetries and functional performance benchmarks, enabling strength coaches, athletic trainers, and rehabilitation professionals to fine-tune training and rehabilitation programs. Incorporating the ASH test into a standardized assessment battery may enhance the ability to evaluate an athlete\u27s readiness to train or compete, promoting a proactive approach to performance optimization and injury prevention. Its utility and actionable metrics make the ASH test a practical tool for in-season monitoring, allowing practitioners to make informed, data-driven adjustments throughout the season. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level 4