Review of the application of biological measures using the parasitic wasp (Encarsia formosa) as a parasitoid of the white butterfly louse (Trialeurodes vaporariorum)

Abstract

The chapter discusses the role of the parasitic wasp Encarsia formosa as a biological control agent against the white butterfly louse (Trialeurodes vaporariorum) in protected cultivation systems. It provides an overview of plant protection strategies, emphasizing ecological and sustainable measures. The authors review the biology, behavior, and application methods of E. formosa, highlighting its efficiency and potential as part of integral plant protection. Numerous studies are cited to support the effectiveness of this method and its compatibility with ecological farming practices