IMPACT OF WORKPLACE DIVERSITY ON TEAM PERFORMANCE AND INNOVATION: A STUDY OF FEDERAL UNIVERSITIES IN NORTHWESTERN NIGERIA

Abstract

This study examines the influence of workplace diversity on team performance and innovation in federal universities across Northwestern Nigeria. Despite global recognition of diversity as a driver of organizational success, empirical research on its effects in Nigerian higher education—particularly in the Northwestern region—remains limited. Adopting a quantitative research design, the study surveyed 450 academic and non-academic staff from six federal universities, analyzing diversity across gender, ethnicity, age, and educational background. Results from regression and correlation analyses revealed that workplace diversity significantly enhances team performance (β = 0.731, *p* < 0.05), accounting for 39.3% of variance, and strongly correlates with innovation (*r* = 0.589, *p* < 0.05). Educational and ethnic diversity emerged as the most impactful dimensions, fostering interdisciplinary collaboration and creative problem-solving. However, unmanaged ethnic tensions and generational gaps were identified as potential barriers. The study concludes that strategic diversity management—through inclusive policies, leadership training, and interdisciplinary team formation—can optimize these benefits. Recommendations include institutionalizing diversity audits, integrating diversity metrics into performance evaluations, and fostering inclusive leadership. This research contributes to the global discourse on workplace diversity while providing actionable insights for policymakers and university administrators in Nigeria’s higher education sector.&nbsp