Características e desafios na gestão da saúde: um estudo com gestores de Unidades Básicas de Saúde no município de Augusto Corrêa - Pa, Brasil: Characteristics and challenges in heath management: a study with managers of Basic Health Units in the municipality of Augusto Corrêa - Pa, Brazil

Abstract

The aim of this study is to analyze the management of Basic Health Units (UBS) in the municipality of Augusto Corrêa, in the state of Pará. The specific objectives are to identify (1) the socio-professional profile of the managers; (2) the main management practices; and (3) the difficulties faced. Twelve managers took part in the survey using a non-probabilistic judgment sample. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire and the data was processed quantitatively using descriptive statistical techniques. The results showed that the managers were experienced nursing professionals, most of whom had postgraduate degrees. Management actions are geared towards prevention and preparation for change and take place in a planned manner. The managers seek to know the legislation and comply with the management techniques recommended by the Unified Health System (SUS), although there is room for improvement. As for budgetary issues, knowledge is still limited among the respondents. Among the main management challenges are the lack of infrastructure and professionals with multidisciplinary training, the great pressure of demand and the unbalanced distribution of resources. The conclusions recommend reinforcing orientation towards SUS-oriented management techniques and training managers in budgetary legislation and in exercising leadership when leading work teams, with the hope of improving the quality of services in the municipality's UBS.O objetivo deste estudo é analisar a gestão das Unidades Básicas de Saúde (UBS) do município de Augusto Corrêa, estado do Pará. Assim, os objetivos específicos desdobram-se em identificar (1) o perfil socioprofissional dos gestores; (2) as principais práticas de gestão; e (3) as dificuldades enfrentadas. Participaram da pesquisa 12 gestores em amostragem não probabilística por julgamento. A coleta de dados ocorreu com a utilização de questionário de pesquisa e o tratamento de dados foi quantitativo com técnicas de estatística descritiva. Os resultados mostraram gestores experientes, formados por profissionais de enfermagem, na maioria, pós-graduados. As ações de gestão são orientadas para prevenção e preparação para as mudanças e ocorrem de forma planejada. Os gestores buscam conhecer a legislação e atender as técnicas de gestão recomendas pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), porém com condições de aprimoramento. Quanto a questões orçamentárias, o conhecimento ainda é restrito entre os respondentes. Entre os principais desafios da gestão, estão a falta de infraestrutura e de profissionais com formação multidisciplinar, a grande pressão da demanda e a distribuição desequilibrada de recursos. As conclusões recomendam reforçar a orientação para as técnicas de gestão orientadas pelo SUS e qualificar os gestores quanto à legislação orçamentária e para exercerem liderança ao conduzirem as equipes de trabalho, com isso espera-se aprimorar a qualidade dos serviços nas UBS do município. Palavras-Chave: Administração Pública. Gestão da Saúde. Unidades Básicas de Saúde. Augusto Corrêa. Estado do Pará.   Abstract: The aim of this study is to analyze the management of Basic Health Units (UBS) in the municipality of Augusto Corrêa, in the state of Pará. The specific objectives are to identify (1) the socio-professional profile of the managers; (2) the main management practices; and (3) the difficulties faced. Twelve managers took part in the survey using a non-probabilistic judgment sample. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire and the data was processed quantitatively using descriptive statistical techniques. The results showed that the managers were experienced nursing professionals, most of whom had postgraduate degrees. Management actions are geared towards prevention and preparation for change and take place in a planned manner. The managers seek to know the legislation and comply with the management techniques recommended by the Unified Health System (SUS), although there is room for improvement. As for budgetary issues, knowledge is still limited among the respondents. Among the main management challenges are the lack of infrastructure and professionals with multidisciplinary training, the great pressure of demand and the unbalanced distribution of resources. The conclusions recommend reinforcing orientation towards SUS-oriented management techniques and training managers in budgetary legislation and in exercising leadership when leading work teams, with the hope of improving the quality of services in the municipality's UBS. Keywords: Public Administration. Health Management. Basic Health Units. Augusto Corrêa. State of Pará