Overwintering of oilseed rape cultivars

Abstract

Bakalaureusetöö Põllumajandussaaduste tootmise ja turustamise õppekavalKliimamuutuse tagajärjel on sagenenud ekstreemsete ilmastikuolude esinemine talve, mis mõjutab oluliselt taliviljade talvitumist. Talvekindlus on üks rapsi aretuseesmärkidest ning seejuures on oluline võrrelda erinevaid sorte samades tingimustes. Bakalaureusetöö eesmärgiks oli uurida erinevate rapsisortide talvitumist. Uurimustöö põhineb 2024-2025 hooajal Lõuna-Eestisse rajatud põldkatsel, kus võrreldi 17 erinevat sorti. Hinnati taimiku biomassi ja juurekaela läbimõõtu sügisel ning kevadel. Viimane biomassi hindamine toimus pärast aprilli öökülmasid. Sügisel oli kõige suurem biomass ning juurekaela läbimõõt sortidel Bernstein, Maverick ja Herakles, kuid kevadeks olid sortidevahelised erinevused kadunud. Kõige paremini talusid kevadist öökülma sordid sordid Dominator, Janosh, Matrix cl, Duke ja Romeo ning kõige kehvemini Texas, Manhattan, Teflon ja Beatrix cl. Uuritud hooaja talvine ilmastik oli talvitumiseks soodne, mis tähendab, et suuremate järelduste jaoks on vaja katset korrata.Climate change has increased the occurrence of extreme weather event during the winter, which has negative impact on overwintering. Winter hardiness is one important breeding aim in oilseed rape breeding programs. However, it is important to compare the varieties in the same conditions. The aim of the Bachelor thesis was to study the overwintering of different varieties. The thesis is based on field trial conducted in South-Estonia in 2024-2025 season, where 17 varieties were compared. Biomass and the diameter of root collar was measured in the fall and the biomass was measured again in the spring. The last sampling was done after the late frost in April. The highest biomass and thickest root collar was in varieties Bernstein, Maverick ja Herakles in the fall. By the early spring there were no difference among varieties. The best varieties that tolerated late frost were Dominator, Janosh, Matrix cl, Duke and Romeo and the most sensitive were Texas, Manhattan, Teflon and Beatrix cl. Since the conditions of the winter during studied period were relatively mild, then the comparison needs to be repeated to make stronger conclusions