CHILDREN OF EARLY AND PRESCHOOL AGE AT RISK OF SOCIAL EXCLUSION

Abstract

Socijalna isključenost višedimenzionalni je proces, u kojem se pojedinci zbog djelovanja niza čimbenika isključuju iz šire zajednice, pri čemu isključenost nije samo fizička, nego i psihička. Djeca u riziku socijalne isključenosti su djeca koja su, zbog svojih pojedinih obilježja, nadprosječno u riziku od toga da se naruši njihov razvoj i integritet. Identificiranjem rizika i pravilnom intervencijom može se umanjiti njihovo štetno djelovanje. Rizični čimbenici uglavnom djeluju zajedno, a ne izolirano te se mogu promatrati na kontinuumu od niske do vrlo visike rizičnosti. U konceptu suzbijanja socijalne isključenosti ističu se i zaštitni čimbenici, koji se mogu promatrati na razini djeteta, obitelji ili šire zajednice. Od rizičnih čimbenika, siromaštvo, problemi vezani uz obitelj i roditeljska ponašanja i odstupanja u razvoju ističu se kao značajni rizici za pojavu socijalne isključenosti. Socijalna inkluzija označava pravo na jednakopravno sudjelovanje svakog djeteta te inkluzivne vrijednosti promiču cjelovit razvoj djeteta i osnaživanje djece u riziku.Social exclusion is a multidimensional process in which individuals are excluded from the wider community due to a number of factors, with exclusion being not only physical but also psychological. Children at risk of social exclusion are children who, due to their individual characteristics, are at an above-average risk of having their development and integrity impaired. By identifying risks and providing appropriate intervention, their harmful effects can be reduced. Risk factors generally do not occur in isolation, but rather act together, and can be viewed on a continuum from low to very high risk. The concept of combating social exclusion also highlights protective factors, which can be identified at the individual (child), family and community levels. Of the risk factors, poverty, problems related to the family and parental behaviour, and developmental deviations stand out as significant risks for the occurrence of social exclusion. Social inclusion denotes the right to equal participation of every child, and inclusive values promote the holistic development of the child and the empowerment of children at risk

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