Psychological Impact of Ulcerative Colitis on Pregnancy and Postpartum Period

Abstract

Background Ulcerative colitis (UC) poses significant challenges during pregnancy, affecting both physical and mental health. While the physiological effects of UC during pregnancy are well documented, less is known about its impact on maternal mental health. This study aims to investigate the psychological effects of UC on pregnant women, focusing on stress levels, postpartum depression (PPD) incidence, and the role of multidisciplinary care in improving mental health outcomes. Objective The primary objective of this research proposal is to evaluate the psychological impact of UC during pregnancy and determine whether disease activity increases the risk of PPD and stress. A secondary objective is to assess whether multidisciplinary care with mental health support improves psychological outcomes compared to standard care. Methods This quantitative, longitudinal cohort study will recruit pregnant women aged 18–45 with a UC diagnosis. Participants will be assessed at three time points: during the first and third trimesters, 6 weeks postpartum, and 6 months postpartum. A comparison group of pregnant women without UC will also be included. Data collection will involve validated surveys (EPDS, PSS, HADS), medical record reviews, and follow-up assessments. Statistical analysis will include independent t-tests to evaluate psychological outcomes based on the type of care model received. Expected Results It is expected that pregnant women with UC who receive multidisciplinary care will demonstrate significantly better psychological outcomes compared to those receiving standard obstetric care alone. The interdisciplinary group is anticipated to report lower levels of perceived stress, anxiety, and depression, as measured by the PSS, EPDS, and HADS. Improvements are expected to be most notable in the postpartum period, where the risk of psychological distress typically increases. Pregnant women receiving standard prenatal care without integrated support are expected to show higher psychological symptom scores across all time points, highlighting the need for more comprehensive care models for this patient population. Conclusion This research proposal aims to demonstrate the significant psychological burden of UC during pregnancy and postpartum, supporting the need for integrated, multidisciplinary care that combines gastroenterology with maternal mental health support