The Role of BRICS in Reshaping the Global Order: Confronting Western Hegemony in a Multipolar World

Abstract

This study examines the role of the BRICS group in reshaping the structure of the global order. The scientific significance of the research lies in its contribution to understanding the mechanisms of global systemic transformation and its historical trajectory. Practically, the study aims to explain the factors behind the redistribution of power within the international system and the implications of this shift. The central research problem is framed by the following question: What is the role of the BRICS group in transforming the structure of the global order? From this, several sub-questions emerge concerning the current state of the global system, the nature and institutional structure of BRICS, the group’s vision of the international order, and its influence on global power dynamics. The study is based on the central hypothesis that the increasing global influence of BRICS signals a redistribution of power within the international system, potentially leading to a decline in the hegemonic role of the United States of America (U.S.A.). The research employs a historical approach to trace the evolution of international relations and power structures, as well as a descriptive approach to examine the characteristics, goals, and strategic behaviour of the BRICS countries. The study tracks the development of BRICS from its emergence as an economic concept in 2001 to its evolution into a politically and economically significant bloc. It analyses the group's stance on Western hegemony and its initiatives aimed at restructuring global financial and governance systems. The findings indicate that BRICS plays an increasingly influential role in challenging the United States (U.S.)-led unipolar system. The group has made notable progress in building institutional alternatives to traditional Western-dominated financial bodies, supporting efforts to curtail American financial dominance. Despite internal divisions and geopolitical disparities, BRICS is emerging as a significant force promoting a transition toward a multipolar world order, though its role remains complex and not without contradictions