Society of Medical Biochemists of Serbia, Belgrade
Doi
Abstract
Background: Anthropometric measurements (AMs), such
as waist circumference and body mass index (BMI), are
dominant indicators of overweight and obesity. Nevertheless, other AMs, such as waist-hip ratio, waist circumference and indices of visceral adiposity index (VAI), body
mass fat index (BMFI), cardiometabolic index (CMI) and
waist-to-height ratio (WtHR) are more significant and discriminatory than BMI in predicting cardiometabolic risk.
Methods: This pilot study aimed to comprehensively investigate the anthropometric, biochemical and nutritional
characteristics of a sample of overweight and obese
women in Serbia, focusing on potential differences related
to AM and its association with specific biochemical markers.
Results: The final analytical sample consisted of 57 females
(average age 37.16±7.27 years, range: 21–55 years). A
strong positive correlation was observed between triglycerides (TG) and both the VAI (r=0.896, p<0.001) and the
CMI (r=0.896, p<0.001), both with high statistical significance. Conversely, a strong negative correlation was found
between high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) and
both VAI (r=-0.601, p<0.001) and CMI (r=-0.566,
p<0.001). Systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic
blood pressure (DBP) were significantly positively correlated with both WtHR and BMFI: SBP and WtHR (r=0.343,
p=0.009), SBP and BMFI (r=0.310, p=0.019), DBP and
WtHR (r=0.368, p=0.005), and DBP and BMFI
(r=0.377, p=0.004). The analysis of biochemical parameters indicated no significant differences between groups,
except for TG levels, which were significantly higher in the
obese group (p=0.045).
Conclusions: Although the AMs of the subjects were significantly different, energy intake and macronutrient intake
were not significantly different. We did not find significant
differences in the intake of most vitamins or minerals
between the groups. Additionally, there is inadequate
intake of essential nutrients such as vitamin D, iron and
selenium, which are critical for overall health. Both groups
did not meet the recommended folate intake, which may
increase the risk of fetal neural tube defects.Uvod: Antropometrijska merenja (AM), kao što su obim
struka i indeks telesne mase (BMI), predstavljaju dominantne pokazatelje prekomerne težine i gojaznosti. Ipak,
druga AM, kao što su odnos struka i kukova, obim struka i
indeksi visceralnog indeksa adipoznosti (VAI), indeks
telesne masti (BMFI), kardiometabolički indeks (CMI) i
odnos struka prema visini (WtHR), pokazuju veći značaj i
diskriminativnu vrednost od BMI-a u predikciji kardiometaboličkog rizika.
Metode: Ova pilot studija je imala za cilj sveobuhvatno
istraživanje antropometrijskih, biohemijskih i nutricionih
karakteristika na uzorku žena sa prekomernom težinom i
gojaznošću u Srbiji, sa fokusom na potencijalne razlike
povezane sa antropometrijskim merenjima i njihovom
povezanošću sa specifičnim biohemijskim markerima.
Rezultati: Konačan analitički uzorak je činilo 57 žena (prosečna starost 37,16±7,27 godina, raspon: 21–55 godina).
Zabeležena je snažna pozitivna korelacija između triglicerida (TG) i VAI (r=0,896, p<0,001) i CMI (r=0,896,
p<0,001), obe sa visokom statističkom značajnošću.
Nasuprot tome, pronađena je snažna negativna korelacija
između holesterola lipoproteina visoke gustine (HDLc) i VAI
(r=-0,601, p<0,001) i CMI (r=-0,566, p<0,001). Sistolni
krvni pritisak (SBP) i dijastolni krvni pritisak (DBP) su bili
značajno pozitivno korelisani sa WtHR i BMFI: SBP i WtHR
(r=0,343, p=0,009), SBP i BMFI (r=0,310, p=0,019),
DBP i WtHR (r=0,368, p=0,005) i DBP i BMFI (r=0,377,
p=0,004). Analiza biohemijskih parametara nije pokazala
značajne razlike između grupa, osim u nivou TG, koji je bio
značajno vići u grupi gojaznih (p=0,045).
Zaključak: Iako su AM vrednosti ispitanica bile značajno
različite, unos energije i makronutrijenata nije se značajno
razlikovao. Nismo pronašli značajne razlike u unosu većine
vitamina ili minerala između grupa. Pored toga, zabeležen
je nedovoljan unos esencijalnih nutrijenata kao što su vitamin D, gvožđe i selen, koji su ključni za opšte zdravlje. Obe
grupe nisu dostigle preporučeni unos folata, što može
povećati rizik od defekata neuralne cevi kod fetusa
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