Visceral leishmaniasis is a zoonotic vector-borne disease that can affect immunosuppressed patients, such as those with multiple sclerosis (MS) undergoing immunomodulatory treatment. We present the case of a 43-year-old woman with relapsing-remitting MS who had been treated with fingolimod for 10 years and was diagnosed with visceral leishmaniasis. The diagnosis was confirmed through blood PCR and bone marrow biopsy, which revealed the presence of Leishmania amastigotes. The patient was treated with liposomal amphotericin B, and the fingolimod treatment was continued at a reduced dose to prevent an MS relapse. The therapy yielded favorable clinical outcomes, stabilizing hematological parameters and resolving hepatosplenomegaly.La leishmaniasis visceral es una enfermedad zoonótica transmitida por vectores que puede afectar a pacientes inmunosuprimidos, como aquellos con esclerosis múltiple (EM) que estén con tratamiento inmunomodulador. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 43 años con EM remitente recurrente, tratada con fingolimod desde hacía 10 años, siendo diagnosticada de leishmaniasis visceral, la cual se confirmó mediante PCR en sangre y biopsia de médula ósea, que reveló la presencia de amastigotes de Leishmania. La paciente fue tratada con amfotericina B liposomal, y se mantuvo el tratamiento con fingolimod ajustando la dosis para evitar un rebrote de la EM. La terapia mostró un buen resultado clínico, estabilizando parámetros hematológicos y resolviéndose la hepatoesplenomegalia
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