Caracterización fisicoquímica, microbiológica y organoléptica de un néctar elaborado a partir de mucílago de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) de dos variedades (Nacional y CCN51) adicionando mango (Mangifera indica)

Abstract

This study addresses the physical-chemical, microbiological and organoleptic characterization of a nectar made from cocoa mucilage (Theobroma cacao L.). Which were analyzed the physical-chemical properties (pH, Brix and titratable acidity), the microbiological load complying with the safety standards and the sensory characteristics such as (flavor, aroma and color). For this, a completely randomized block design (DCA) was carried out, which led to evaluate the 6 treatments varying the concentration of mucilage (50% - 70%) and a fixed concentration of mango pulp adjusting to the parameters allowed within the regulations (25%), with the participation of 30 tasters. In which the characteristics such as flavor, aroma, texture and color were analyzed to determine the acceptability of the best treatment. The research concluded by showing in the ANOVA analysis the level of significance of pH (p<0.0054, R²=0.81), °Brix (p<0.0031, R²=0.83) and acidity (p<0.0001, R²=1.00). The treatments complied with the established parameters, highlighting among them the T4 treatment with a pH 4.0 and 4.3 with reference to °Brix between 11 and 12 and titratable acidity between 0.72%, in accordance with the INEN: 2337:2008 regulations. Among it, the T4 treatment also corresponds in its composition 70% cocoa mucilage of the CCN51 variety and 25% mango pulp, which achieved an acceptability of 96% in contrast to the other treatments. The microbiological analysis determined the count of molds and yeasts at <10 CFU/mL, complying with INEN 1529-10 regulations.This study addresses the physical-chemical, microbiological and organoleptic characterization of a nectar made from cocoa mucilage (Theobroma cacao L.). Which were analyzed the physical-chemical properties (pH, Brix and titratable acidity), the microbiological load complying with the safety standards and the sensory characteristics such as (flavor, aroma and color). For this, a completely randomized block design (DCA) was carried out, which led to evaluate the 6 treatments varying the concentration of mucilage (50% - 70%) and a fixed concentration of mango pulp adjusting to the parameters allowed within the regulations (25%), with the participation of 30 tasters. In which the characteristics such as flavor, aroma, texture and color were analyzed to determine the acceptability of the best treatment. The research concluded by showing in the ANOVA analysis the level of significance of pH (p<0.0054, R²=0.81), °Brix (p<0.0031, R²=0.83) and acidity (p<0.0001, R²=1.00). The treatments complied with the established parameters, highlighting among them the T4 treatment with a pH 4.0 and 4.3 with reference to °Brix between 11 and 12 and titratable acidity between 0.72%, in accordance with the INEN: 2337:2008 regulations. Among it, the T4 treatment also corresponds in its composition 70% cocoa mucilage of the CCN51 variety and 25% mango pulp, which achieved an acceptability of 96% in contrast to the other treatments. The microbiological analysis determined the count of molds and yeasts at <10 CFU/mL, complying with INEN 1529-10 regulations.Este estudio aborda la caracterización físico-química, microbiológica y organoléptica de un néctar elaborado a partir de mucílago de cacao (Theobroma cacao L.) .Los cuales se analizaron las propiedades físico-químicas (pH, Brix y Acidez titulable), la carga microbiológica cumpliendo con los estándares de inocuidad y las características sensoriales como (Sabor, aroma y color). Para ello se realizó un diseño de bloques completamente al Azar (DCA), lo cual llevo a evaluar los 6 tratamientos variando la concentración de mucilago (50 % - 70 %) y una concentración fija de pulpa de mango ajustándonos a los parámetros permitidos dentro de la normativa (25 %), con la participación de 30 catadores. En las que se analizaron las características como sabor, aroma, textura y color para determinar la aceptabilidad del mejor tratamiento. La investigación concluyó mostrando en el análisis de ANOVA el nivel de significancia de pH (p<0,0054,R²=0,81), °Brix (p<0.0031, R²=0,83) y en la acidez (p<0,0001,R²=1,00).Los tratamiento cumplieron con los parámetros establecidos resaltando entre ellos el tratamiento T4 con un pH 4,0 y 4,3 con referencia a los °Brix entre 11 y 12 y Acidez titulable entre 0,72 %, estando conforme a la normativa INEN: 2337:2008. Entre ella también el tratamiento T4 corresponde en su composición 70 % mucilago de cacao de la variedad CCN51 y 25 % de pulpa de mango lo cual logro obtener una aceptabilidad del 96 % en diferencia a los demás tratamientos. El análisis microbiológico determinó como resultados el recuento de mohos y levaduras en <10 UFC/ mL cumpliendo con la normativa INEN 1529-10