Human immunodeficiency virus and associated pneumonia

Abstract

Pneumonia is a major global health concern and a leading cause of death worldwide. According to the World Health Organization, pneumonia accounts for over 2.5 million deaths annually, which means almost 1% of all deaths occur every 13 seconds due to this disease. Pneumonia affects approximately 450 million people globally per year, and in the United States alone, about 1 million adults are hospitalized each year because of pneumonia, leading to approximately 50,000 deaths annually. This disease can be caused by various pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and viruses, and has significant implications for global health, particularly in vulnerable populations like children, the elderly, and immunocompromised individuals. This comprehensive work aims to explore pneumonia in-depth, detailing its pathology, physiology, and treatment strategies. The book is organized into two sections: Section 1 deals with pneumonia in general, providing a foundation for understanding the disease. Section 2 explores pneumonia in the context of specific conditions and populations, offering a targeted perspective on the disease. Understanding pneumonia’s multifaceted nature is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment, especially given its significant impact on global health. This book is designed to provide valuable information for medical students, nurses, clinicians, healthcare providers, and specialists, equipping them with the knowledge necessary to manage patients effectively