Pengaruh Metode TPR (Total Physical Response) Terhadap Kemampuan Berbahasa dan Kognitif Anak Speech Delay di PAUD

Abstract

The case of speech delay children in PAUD institutions in Ponorogo District has a high increase, there are 11 children who experience speech delays in PAUD. This study determined 4 speech delay children as research subjects. The TPR (Total Physical Response) method is applied to the learning process of speech delay children. This study aims to analyse the effect of Total Physical Response (TPR) method on language and cognitive development of speech delay children in PAUD. This research method is quantitative with the research design used for data analysis, namely the untreated control group design with pretest and postest which is a type of Control Group Time-Series Experiment, namely by conducting a pretest and posttest. The data collection technique is direct observation of the research subject during learning activities, and direct observation through documents of work, photos and videos of speech delay children. The results of observational data collected and analysed, as well as testing stated that there was an effect of the TPR method on the language and cognitive development of speech delay children in PAUD with evidence of the Wilcoxon test results which showed that language skills obtained an Asymp.Sig value. (2-tailed) 0.03 <0.05, while cognitive ability obtained an Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) 0.011 < 0.05. For future research, it is recommended to conduct research on the effect of the TPR method on other aspects of development, namely religious and moral values, social emotional, physical motor and art.Kasus anak speech delay pada lembaga PAUD di Kecamatan Ponorogo mengalami peningkatan yang tinggi, terdapat 11 anak yang mengalami hambatan berbicara di PAUD. Penelitian ini menetapkan 4 anak speech delay sebagai subjek penelitian. Metode TPR (Total Physical Response) diterapkan pada proses pembelajaran anak speech delay. Pada penelitian ini bertujuan untuk  menganalisis pengaruh metode Total Physical Response (TPR) pada perkembangan bahasa dan kognitif anak speech delay di PAUD. Metode penelitian ini adalah kuantitatif dengan desain penelitian yang dipergunakan untuk analisa data yaitu the untreated control group design with pretest and postest yang jenisnya Control Group Time-Series Experiment yaitu dengan melakukan pretest dan posttest. Adapun teknik pengumpulan data adalah observasi langsung pada subjek penelitian pada saat kegiatan pembelajaran berlangsung, dan observasi secara langsung melalui dokumen hasil karya, foto dan video anak speech delay. Hasil data observasi yang dikumpulkan serta dianalisis, serta dilakukan pengujian menyatakan bahwa ada pengaruh metode TPR terhadap perkembangan berbahasa dan kognitif anak speech delay di PAUD dengan bukti hasil uji Wilcoxon yang menunjukkan bahwa kemampuan berbahasa memperoleh nilai Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) 0,03 < 0,05, sedangkan kemampuan kognitif memperoleh nilai Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed) 0,011 < 0,05. Untuk penelitian selanjutnya, disarankan melakukan penelitian tentang pengaruh metode TPR pada aspek perkembangan lain yaitu nilai agama dan moral, sosial emosional, fisik motorik dan seni