Gandharuvam in the Inner Tradition

Abstract

In the Agamarabu, the concept of "Kalavu" is described as Kandharuvam, which is recognized as one of the eight types of marriage. Tolkappiyar, in his Kalaviyal grammar, explains "kamakoottam" as an inseparable bond between lovers. This bond is symbolized by lovers playing the yazh (a musical instrument) together, reflecting their deep, intertwined physical and emotional connection. Irayanar also refers to the Kandharuvam tradition as a form of Kalavu marriage. When Kandharuvam in the Agamarabu is re-examined, it becomes clear that Kalavu reflects both the physical and emotional union that occurs when a man and a woman, who have never met before, first come together. This kamakoottam is not only central to the Tamil Agamarabu tradition but also represents a broader cultural theme found throughout India. It embodies the idea of Kandathum Kadhal—the intense, intimate connection that arises from the first meeting between lovers. This research article aims to critically explore and deepen our understanding of Kandharuva