Pengaruh Tekanan Kempa, Jenis Kombinasi Kayu dan Interaksinya Terhadap Kualitas Mutu Papan Laminasi

Abstract

Lamination technology is an effort to overcome various problems resulting from the wood industry experiencing difficulties in finding raw materials to support its operations. Developing environmentally friendly materials such as laminate products is also becoming a concern in the construction sector. This research will use fast-growing wood species with bamboo, namely rajumas wood, sengon wood, and petung bamboo. Several factors, including the type of wood, type of adhesive, adhesive melt weight, and compression pressure, influence the manufacture of laminated boards. This research aims to see the effect of the type of wood combination (sengon and rajumas) with petung bamboo and the effect of pressure and their interactions on their physical and mechanical properties. The experimental design was a factorial design with 2 factors (compression pressure and combination type) with four treatments and three replications. Based on the results of testing laminated boards\u27 physical and mechanical properties, several conclusions can be drawn, such as density testing, which shows that the type of wood combination has a significant effect. At the same time, compression pressure and its interactions have no significant effect. Moisture content testing showed that pressure had a significant effect, while the type of wood combination and its interactions had no significant effect. The thickness expansion test shows that the type of wood combination and its interactions have a significant effect, while the compression pressure has no significant effect. Thickness shrinkage testing shows that the type of wood combination, compression pressure, and their interactions do not significantly affect it. Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) testing shows that the type of wood combination, compression pressure, and their interactions do not significantly affect it. Modulus of Rupture (MoR) shows that the type of combination has a significant effect, while the compression pressure and its interaction have no significant effect.Teknologi laminasi merupakan salah satu upaya dalam mengatasi berbagai permasalahan akibat industri perkayuan mengalami kesulitan dalam mencari bahan baku untuk mendukung operasionalnya, selain itu pengembangan material ramah lingkungan sebagai bahan produk laminasi menjadi perhatian dalam bidang kontruksi. Penelitian ini akan menggunakan jenis kayu cepat tumbuh dengan bambu yaitu kayu rajumas (Duabanga moluccana) dan sengon (Albizia chinensis) serta bambu petung (Dendrocalamus asper). Pembuatan papan laminasi dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor antara lain jenis kayu, jenis perekat, berat labur perekat dan tekanan kempa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh jenis kombinasi kayu sengon dan rajumas dengan bambu petung serta pengaruh tekanan dan interaksinya terhadap sifat fisika dan mekanikanya. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan rancangan faktorial dengan 2 faktor (tekanan kempa dan jenis kombinasi) dengan empat perlakuan dan tiga kali ulangan. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian sifat fisika dan mekanika papan laminasi maka dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan yaitu pengujian kerapatan menunjukan jenis kombinasi kayu berpengaruh nyata sementara untuk tekanan kempa dan interaksinya tidak berpengaruh nyata. Pengujian kadar air menunjukan tekanan kempa berpengaruh nyata sementara jenis kombinasi kayu dan interaksinya tidak berpengaruh nyata. Pengujian pengembangan tebal menunjukan jenis kombinasi kayu dan interaksinya berpengaruh nyata sementara tekanan kempa tidak berpengaruh nyata. Pengujian penyusutan tebal menunjukan jenis kombinasi kayu, tekanan kempa dan interaksinya tidak berpengaruh nyata. Pengujian Modulus of Elasticity (MoE) menunjukan jenis kombinasi kayu, tekanan kempa dan interaksinya tidak berpengaruh nyata. Modulus of Rupture (MoR) menunjukan jenis kombinasi berpengaruh nyata sementara tekanan kempa dan interaksinya tidak berpengaruh nyata