Efek Ekstrak Biji Kapas (Gossypium hirsutum) terhadap Kualitas dan Perkembangan Embrio Mencit (Mus musculus)

Abstract

The cottonseed contained gossypol which can reduce fertility by distrupting follicles and oocytes formation process and development. Folliculogenesis disorder can reduce quality and competence of oocytes to be fertilized. It has an impact on the quality and development of the embryo. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cottonseed extract effect on the quality and development of mice embryos. The research used a total experiment with completely randomized design consist of 4 treatments (0; 1.5; 2.1; and 2.7 g/kg BW EBK) and 6 replications. EBK are extracted maceration using ethanol 80%. EBK administration was orally injection for 24 days. Last day of EBK administration, mices were mated. Embryos were collected on the 4 days of pregnancy by flushing the uterine cornua, then development stage and quality of embryos were determined. Embryos were then cultured in vitro for 48 hours in culture medium PBS supplemented by 10% FBS. The result showed that EBK 2.7 g/kg BW dose can reduce embryos quality by finding retarded, degenerated, and unfertilized oocytes. The decreased embryos number and ability to progress to the blastocysts, expanded blastocysts, and hatched blastocysts stage occurred after culture for 48 hours. Retarded (4-8 cells) and degenerated embryos are not development in 24 hours culture. In conclusion, EBK is able reduce quality and development inhibit of mice embryos, so that it can be used as candidates for herbal contraception.Biji kapas mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder gosipol yang mampu menurunkan fertilitas dengan mengganggu proses pembentukan dan perkembangan folikel serta oosit. Gangguan folikulogenesis dapat menurunkan kualitas dan kompetensi oosit untuk difertilisasi sehingga berdampak pada kualitas dan perkembangan embrio. Tujuan penelitian ini mengkaji efek ekstrak biji kapas (EBK) terhadap kualitas dan perkembangan embrio mencit. Desain penelitian eksperimen total dengan rancangan acak lengkap terdiri atas 4 perlakuan (0; 1.5; 2.1; dan 2.7 g/kg BB) dan 6 ulangan. EBK diekstraksi secara maserasi menggunakan etanol 80%. Pemberian EBK dilakukan melalui oral selama 24 hari. Mencit dikawinkan pada hari terakhir pemberian EBK. Embrio dikoleksi pada hari ke-4 kebuntingan dengan melakukan flushing kornua uterus, kemudian ditentukan stadium perkembangan dan kualitas embrionya. Embrio dikultur secara in vitro selama 48 jam dalam medium kultur PBS yang disuplementasikan 10% FBS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan EBK dosis 2.7 g/kg BB menurunkan kualitas embrio dengan ditemukannya embrio retarded dan degenerasi, serta oosit unfertilisasi. Penurunan jumlah dan kualitas embrio yang berhasil berkembang ke tahapan blastosis, expanded blastosis, dan hatched blastosis terjadi setelah dikultur selama 48 jam. Embrio retarded (4-8 sel) dan degenerasi tidak berkembang pada kultur 24 jam. Kesimpulannya EBK menurunkan kualitas dan menghambat perkembangan embrio mencit sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai kandidat bahan kontrasepsi herbal