World Bank assisted National Agricultural Research Project (NARP) - University of Port Harcourt
Abstract
As agricultural production in African countries intensifies; pesticide
utilization becomes more widespread and the users are extremely exposed
to these pesticides due to lack of pesticide registration scheme;
importing highly toxic pesticides; no national plan for pesticide
residue; involvement of children and women. The purpose of this
systematic review was to review adverse effect of pesticide among top
ten imported African countries. In this review, top ten importers
African countries were selected based of imported amount for ten years
were considered from imported period of 2002 to 2017. The articles were
searched from PUBMED, GOOGLE SCHOLAR, and MEDLINE and EMBASE engines.
The first leading three continents for pesticides exported were
European (48.2%), Asian (33.7%) and North America (12.7%), while the
countries were China (14.3%), Germany (11.8%) and United States (11.5%)
at the end of 2017. The first three leading importer of African
countries were South Africa shared (25.7%), Nigeria (15.8%) and Ghana
(14.5%). The three major imported pesticides were Fungicides,
herbicides and insecticides. In this review, Ethiopia (827), Kenya
(801), and Morocco (542) are the main importers of pesticides until end
of 2017. The review also found that farmers were faced with endocrine
disruption, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, teratogenicity,
cardiovascular, dermatitis and birth defects. The main associated
factor for these problems were low awareness, improper handling of
pesticide, and lack of training, and careless disposal of empty
pesticides containers. The study concluded that more than one billion
US$ of pesticides sales was carried out into ten African countries. The
farmers within these country were faced different health problems due
to different determinant factors. Proper training and education should
be advised for farmer
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