ANTIOXIDANT AND CYTOTOXIC ACTIVITY OF ETHANOL FRACTION OF ROSELLE CALYX (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) AGAINST WiDr COLON CANCER CELLS LINE BY IN VITRO AND IN SILICO ASSAY

Abstract

The incidence of colon cancer in Indonesia is relatively high. Colon cancer treatment has many side effects. Therefore, it is needed to develop colon cancer drugs from natural ingredients such as roselle calyx (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) as chemopreventive to increase efficacy and reduce the side effects. This study aims to identify the potential of ethanol fraction of roselle calyx (FEBR) that contains flavonoid cyanidin-3-sambubioside as antioxidant, cytotoxic, and ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells. The methods used were in vitro and in silico. Roselle calyx was macerated and fractionated by Thin Layer Chromatography (TLC) which was used to identify flavonoid in FEBR qualitatively. Antioxidant test of FEBR was measured by DPPH. Cytotoxicity test in WiDr cell line to find out cell viability was conducted by using MTT Assay method. The cell cycle of each cell was analyzed to find out the cell cycle phase by using flowcytometry method. Molecular docking of FEBR with an active compound of cyanidin 3-sambubioside in IKK and VEGF was analyzed by using Autodock Vina method. The TLC result for flavonoid in FEBR showed dark violet and violet spot in UV 366. Antioxidant and cytotoxic tests of FEBR had weak ability with IC50 428 µg/ml and 3127 µg/ml, respectively. Cell cycle inhibition on each cell occurred in the M1 phase. The result of molecular docking showed inhibitory activity of FEBR in IKK and VEGF with affinity energy of -9.6 kcal/mol and -6.7 kcal/mol