The determination of some agricultural properties, oil and morphine content in poppy (Papaver somniferum L.)

Abstract

Bu çalışma haşhaşta (Papaver somniferum L.) önemli tarımsal özellikler ile yağ ve morfin miktarının belirlenmesi amacıyla, 2012–2013 üretim yılında Denizli ilinde yürütülmüştür. Çalışmada, yedi haşhaş çeşidi (Ofis 3, Ofis 8, TMO 1, Ofis 96, Afyon 95, TMO 3 ve Yerel Çeşit) materyal olarak kullanılmıştır. Deneme, tesadüf blokları deneme desenine göre, dört tekerrürlü olarak kurulmuştur. Çalışmada, çeşitler arasında çiçeklenme gün sayısı, fizyolojik olgunlaşma gün sayısı, morfin oranı, tohum verimi, kapsül verimi, yağ verimi ve morfin verimi özellikleri yönünden önemli oranda farklılık olduğu, bitki boyu, kapsül eni, kapsül boyu, kapsül indeksi, bitkideki kapsül sayısı, bin tohum ağırlığı ve ham yağ oranı özellikleri yönünden ise farklılıkların önemli olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre çiçeklenme süresi 197-205 gün arasında gerçekleşmiş olup, fizyolojik olgunlaşma süresi 225-235 gün arasında değişmiştir. Araştırmamızda bitki boyu 93.23-107.55 cm, kapsül eni 34.38-39.30 mm, kapsül boyu 40.15-46.78 mm, kapsül indeksi %1.03-1.26, bitkideki kapsül sayısı 1.93-2.90 adet, bin tohum ağırlığı 0.52-0.59 g, ham yağ %49.05-51.32, morfin %0.56-0.92, tohum verimi 30.39-48.67 kg/da, kapsül verimi 30.92-56.22 kg/da, yağ verimi 14.96-24.40 kg/da ve morfin verimi 0.21-0.36 kg/da arasında değişmiştir. Çalışmada, "Afyon 95", " TMO 3", "Ofis 3" ve "Yerel Çeşit" çeşitlerinin Denizli iline uygun olduğu sonucuna varılmıştır.This research has been carried out in Denizli province in 2012-2013 production year with the aim of determination of poppy's (Papaver somniferum L.) significant agricultural properties and ratio of oil and morphine in it. In this study seven poppy varieties (Ofis 3, Ofis 8, TMO 1, Ofis 96, Afyon 95, TMO 3 and Landrace) have been used as material. The experiment was performed in compliance with randomize complete block design with four replications. In this research among the varieties, the important varieties have been found in terms of number of days for flowering, number of days for ripening physiological, the ratio of morphine, seed yield, oil yield, capsule yield and morphine yield, while it has been detected that differences are not important has not been detected in terms of height of plants, width of capsules, height of capsules, the index of capsules, the number of capsules, 1000-grain-weight, ratio of raw oil amount among the varieties. According to result of experiment flowering periods took place between 197 to 205 days and physiological ripening days have changed between 225 to 235 days. The plant height was 93.23-107.55 cm, the capsule width was 34.38-39.30 mm, the capsule height was 40.15-46.78 mm, capsule index was 1.03-1.26%, number of capsule per plant was 1.93-2.90, 1000-grain-weight was 0.52-0.59 gr, raw oil was 49.05-51.32%, morphine ratio was 0.56-0.92%, yield of seeds was 30.39-48.67 kg/da, yield of capsule was 30.92-56.22 kg/da, yield of oil was 14.96-24.40 kg/da, yield of morphine was 0.21-0.36 kg/da with respect to the experiment. The research has been concluded by the fact that "Afyon 95", "TMO 3", "Ofis 3" and "Landrace" varieties are suitable for Denizli province

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This paper was published in Adnan Menderes University.

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