The impact of noise pollution on marine invertebrates

Abstract

Antropogeni izvori buke pod morem te njihovi učinci na morske beskralježnjake rastući su globalni problem. U radu je opisano širenje zvuka u morskoj vodi te temeljne komponente podvodne buke. Morski beskralježnjaci gotovo isključivo percipiraju komponentu gibanja čestica, a u tome im pomažu osjetilni receptori u vidu osjetilnih dlačica i statocista. Eksperimentalno izlaganje zvuku može biti akutno i kronično. Iako je većina dosadašnjih studija bazirano na istraživanju obrazaca ponašanja i kretanja, u novije vrijeme raste broj studija koje proučavaju fiziološke, biokemijske i genetičke odgovore morskih beskralježnjaka prilikom izlaganja buci sa rastućim dokazima o štetnosti antropogenog zvuka u moru.Anthropogenic sources of underwater noise and their effects on sea invertebrates have grown into global problem. This thesis describes the propagation of sound in seawater and the underlying components of underwater noise. Sea invertebrates almost exclusively perceive the particle movement component which is assisted by sensory receptors such as sensory hair and statocysts. Experimental exposure to sound can be acute and chronic. Although most of the studies so far have been based on looking into patterns of behavior and movement, in recent time there has been an increase of studies studying the biochemical, physiological and genetic responses of sea invertebrates during the sound exposure with the growing evidence of the detrimental effects of anthropogenic noise in the sea