Analysis on Difference of Energy Consumption by Electric Bus Drivers

Abstract

[[abstract]]現今各國為因應全球環境變遷，均積極研擬並推動實施相關措施，因此具備低排碳量且節能之車輛成為市場主流，我國政府計畫在十年內將約一萬輛的柴油大客車逐步汰換為電動大客車，其中以市區公車及公路客運為主要推動之對象。南部科學工業園區管理局配合政府政策，以三部電動巴士加入既有園區免費巡迴巴士行列，行駛於台鐵南科站與園區各廠商間（北環線、南環線）擔任鐵公路無縫接駁任務，未來更規劃園區免費巡迴巴士全以電動車行駛，營造綠色友善環境空間。本研究以探討南科巡迴巴士之「駕駛員與每公里人次對耗電量的影響」為題，了解兩個自變項(駕駛員、每公里人次)對於一個依變項（耗電量）交互作用的影響，利用SPSS統計軟體進行重複實驗二因子變異數分析，分析結果顯示交互作用達顯著水準，其中單純主效果達組間顯者進行「事後比較」找出顯著差異者為駕駛員E。此外，駕駛員E在每公里人次級距小時與其他駕駛員有顯著性差異，故推斷駕駛員E在低乘載率時駕駛行為異常。電動大客車在實際運行上還有許多可靠度與續航力的問題有待克服或解決，根據研究顯示駕駛行為和駕駛情緒是影響耗能的因素之一，其中駕駛行為包括是否重踩電門、急踩煞車、任意變換車道或超速行為等，如以優良駕駛作為標竿改善異常駕駛行為預期可節?行車耗能，期以電動公車能發揮其最大運用效能。[[abstract]]Manycountriesareimplementingnewmeasurestosolvetheissuesofglobalenvironmentchanges,thusmakingenergy-savingandemissionsreductionofelectricvehiclesbecomepopular,andTaiwangovernmentplanstoreplace10,000dieselbuseswithelectricbuswithin10years.Inaccordancewiththispolicy,thecitybuseswillbereplacedinthefirstplace.SouthernTaiwanScienceParkBureau(STSPB)launchedthreefreeelectricshuttlebusestocoordinatethegovernmentpolicies,servingthepassengersbetweentheNankestationofTaiwanRailwaysAdministrationandsomecompaniesinSouthernTainanSciencePark.Inthefuture,STSPBwillprovideelectricvehiclesastheonlyshuttlebusestobuildafriendlyenvironment.Thispaper,inthetitleof“TheInfluenceofDriversandPassengersperKilometertoPowerConsumption”,analyzedtwoindependentvariables(drivers&passengersperkilometer)ononedependentvariable(powerconsumption)byrepeatingtwo-wayANOVAapproach.TheresultsindicatedthatDriverEappearedtohaveaprofoundeffectonpowerconsumption.Inaddition,therearesignificantdifferencesbetweenpowerconsumptionofDriverEandthatofothersinlowerpassengersperkilometer.Therefore,weinferredthatDriverEhadmorepowerconsumptioninlowerridership.Nevertheless,therearestillmanyissuesneededtoberesolvedtomakethisplansuccessful,includingreliability,batterylifeofelectricbus.Inaddition,inthelightofliterature,thedriver’sbehaviorssuchassteppingonswitchheavily,urgentlysteppingonbrake,transforminglanearbitrarily,andexceedingthespeedlimitandmoodsareoneofthefactorsofenergyconsumption.Hence,wehopethatelectricvehicleswillbecomemoreefficientbytakingsuperiordriversasabenchmarktoimprovetheirbaddrivingbehaviors