A framework for
phenomenological hyperelasto-plasticity with initial anisotropy,
kinematic hardening as well as anisotropic damage is presented in
Menzel et al. (2003a).
In this contribution we exploit and extend this framework to
include several back-stresses in order to capture the ratchetting
response of polycrystalline metals subjected to cyclic stress with
non-zero mid-value. The evolution equations for kinematic
hardening resemble a linear combination of the multiple-Armstrong-Frederic and the Burlet-Cailletaud
models, which are extended to the large strain setting. The
capability of the model to capture various phenomenological
characteristics, in particular multi-axial ratchetting, is
illustrated by numerical examples. Comparisons with uni-axial and
bi-axial experimental ratchetting results for carbon steel are
given. Finally, the finite element analysis of a simplified
railway turnout component subjected to cyclic loading is
presented
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