Transport kovů v systému půda - rostlina

Abstract

Transport of cadmium, mercury and lead from soil to plants was studied in urban area of Brno city. Five sites with different levels of contamination loading, with high traffic density, industrial production and population density were selected. The total contents of cadmium, lead and mercury in soils and plants (dandelion - Taraxacum officinale) were determined. Dandelion plants were used as biomonitoring organisms of environmental pollution. For the assessment of bioavailable metal forms, single extraction procedures, diffusive gradient in thin films technique (DGT) were used. The obtained results were correlated with metal contens in plants. In the second part, the leachability of cadmium, lead and zinc in samples of agricultural soils, highly contaminated by atmospheric deposition of two smelters in northern France, were investigated. The total contents of cadmium, lead and zinc in soils and plants (Miscanthus giganteus) were determined. Miscanthus plants were used as experimental fytoremediation plants. Pseudototal contents were compared with results from fractionation analysis obtained by sequential extractions, with bioaccessible contents determinated by UBM test (Unified Barge Method, in vitro test) and with bioavailable metal contents determined by diffusive gradient in thin films technique (DGT)