An evaluation of the exchange of energy and value in net metering in North Carolina

Abstract

Net metering as a policy enables customers with solar photovoltaics (PV) to receive retail value for their solar energy. Large-scale evaluations of net metering performed in other states have presented this retail value as a cost to the customer’s utility. However, net metering rules in North Carolina often result in net metering customers exporting high-value, peak daytime energy to the utility, and receiving credit for low-value, off-peak nighttime energy in return. The value discrepancy in this exchange has not been present in large-scale evaluations, and my research has developed a method for quantifying the value of the balance of this exchange. My results indicate that utilities often benefit from this exchange, which suggests that net metering of distributed solar PV could be a mutually beneficial arrangement between a customer and his utility