Efficiency of pyrethrin, tea tree and lemon eucalyptus essential oils against Tribolium castaneum larvae

Abstract

Kako bi se očuvao ekosustav i biološka raznolikost, zaštita bilja od bolesti i štetnika upotrebom prirodnih sredstava danas privlači veliku pozornosti. Kao poželjna alternativa kemijskim pesticidima nameću se eterična ulja i biljni ekstrakti koji predstavljaju botaničke, odnosno prirodne pesticide. Veliki broj biljnih vrsta sintetizira aktivne tvari insekticidnog djelovanja kao dio vlastitog obrambenog mehanizma od napada štetnika. U ovu se skupinu ubraja dalmatinski buhač (Tanacetum cinerariifolium /Trevir./ Sch. Bip.), koji sintetizira prirodni insekticid piretrin, te čajevac (Melaleuca alternifolia /Maiden & Betche./ Cheel.) i limunski eukaliptus (Corymbia citriodora /Hook./ K. D. Hill & L. A. S. Johnson), koji sintetiziraju eterična ulja za koje je dokazano insekticidno djelovanje. Cilj ovog istraživanja bio je utvrditi učinkovitost piretrinskog ekstrakta, eteričnog ulja čajevca i limunskog eukaliptusa u suzbijanju ličinki kestenjastog brašnara (Tribolium castaneum Herbst.). Laboratorijsko je istraživanje uključivalo tretmane sa četiri različite koncentracije ekstrakta piretrina, te tri različite koncentracije eteričnog ulja čajevca i limunskog eukaliptusa. Svi tretmani su postavljeni u četiri ponavljanja, a svaki tretman primijenjen je na 10 ličinki kestenjastog brašnara. Ponašanje ličinki praćeno je kroz 24, 48, 72 i 96 sati. Mortalitet ličinki izračunat je na temelju utvrđenog broja mrtvih i živih jedinki u ponavljanjima, dok je učinkovitost tretmana izračunata na temelju mortaliteta pomoću formule Schneider-Orelli (1947). Najveća učinkovitost postignuta je s 2%-tnim piretrinskim ekstraktom (40%), dok tretman limunskim eukaliptusom nije pokazao učinkovitost.Protecting plants from diseases and pests using natural resources attracts great attention nowadays to preserve an ecosystem and biodiversity. Use of essential oils and herbal extracts as botanical or natural pesticides is a preferred alternative to chemical pesticides. A large number of plants synthesize chemical substances with insecticidal activity as a part of their own defense mechanism against pests. This particular group includes Dalmatian pyrethrum (Tanacetum cinerariifolium /Trevir./ Sch. Bip.), that synthesizes natural insecticide pyrethrin, as well as tea tree (Melaleuca alternifolia /Maiden & Betche./ Cheel.) and lemon eucalyptus (Corymbia citriodora /Hook./ K. D. Hill & L. A. S. Johnson), that synthesize essential oils. The aim of this study was to determine efficiency of the pyrethrin extract, essential oil of tea tree and lemon eucalyptus in suppressing larvae of Red Flour Beetle (Tribolium castaneum Herbst.). The laboratory study included treatments with pyrethrin extracts applied in four different concentrations, and tea tree essential oil and lemon eucalyptus essential oil applied in three different concentrations. Each treatment consisted of four replicates and each replicate of 10 red flour beetle larvae. The experiments were monitored 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours after the treatment. Mortality rate of larvae was established by the calculating the number of dead and live larvae in repeats, and the efficiency of each treatments was calculated by using the formula of Schneider-Orelli (1947). The highest efficiency was achieved with the treatment of 2% pyrethrin extract (40%). The treatment with lemon eucalyptus did not show any efficiency

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Last time updated on 07/08/2019

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