Analysis and Optimization of Traffic on Highway with Greenshield Model

Abstract

[[abstract]]台灣運輸網絡發達。然而高峰時段高速公路的交通通常由於缺乏足夠的設施來引導司機或提供交通信息,導致交通堵塞。為了提供更好的服務質量,需要更多的先進設備和傳感器來收集更多的資料,如速度,交通流量和進一步分析和處理能力,作為智能交通系統的信息。本論文通過收集高速公路各個部分的交通數據提供旅行時間和交通量估算,來研究使用Greenshield的模型。傳感器設備包括環路感應線圈、車輛檢測卡、微處理器、Ethernet光電轉換器等,可以收集建立不同Greenshield型號的即時數據。我們可以在各種條件下獲得所需的參數,從而可以通過Greenshield的模型的速度-密度關係和流量達到最佳的吞吐量。本論文提出一種旅行時間估計演算法。利用每個路段環路車輛偵測器收集每分鐘車流、車速數據作為旅行時間估算依據。我們透過傳輸系統將這些數據傳送到交通管理中心數據庫進一步應用在Greenshield’s模型建立速度、密度與自由速度之間的關係。最後將這些現場數據和Greenshield’s模型取得一個適當權重因數進行旅行時間估算。並透過模擬結果顯示基於即時演算法所得到的Greenshield’s模型是有效的,可提供在快速公路(Expressway)上進行準確的旅行時間估算外,還能連動智慧型運輸系統(IntelligentTransportationSystem),提供即時(Real-Time)資訊增進運輸系統的安全、效率及舒適性,減少交通對環境的衝擊。[[abstract]]TransportnetworkinTaiwaniswelldeveloped.Howeverthetrafficinhighwayduringrushhoursoftenresultincongestionduetothelackofenoughfacilitiestoguidedriversorprovidetrafficinformationinadvanced.Forprovidingbetterqualityofservicemoreadvanceddevicesandsensorsarerequiredtocollectmoredatesuchasspeed,trafficflow,andcapacityforfurtheranalysisandprocessastheinformationinintelligenttransportationsystem.ThisthesisinvestigatestheuseofGreenshield'smodelbycollectingtrafficdatainvarioussectionsoftheExpresswayforprovidingthetraveltimeandtrafficestimation.Sensordevicesincludeloopcoil,vehicledetectioncard,microprocessorandEthernetphotoelectricconverter,whichcancollectrealtimedataforestablishingdifferentGreenshield'smodels.WecanobtaintherequiredparametersinvariousconditionssuchthattheoptimumthroughputcanbereachedthroughtheGreenshield'smodel'svelocity-densityrelationshipandflow.Inthisthesis,areal-timealgorithmfortraveltimeestimationisproposed.Webuildaloopvehicledetectoroneachsectiontocollectdatasuchastrafficflow,speedandsoonastraveltimeestimates.WetransferthesedatathroughthetransportsystemtotheTrafficManagementCenterdatabaseforfurtherapplicationintheGreenshield'smodeltoestablishtherelationshipbetweenspeed,densityandfreespeed.Finally,thesefielddataandGreenshield'smodelareobtainedwithanappropriateweightingfactorfortraveltimeestimates.AndthroughthesimulationresultsshowthattheGreenshield'smodelbasedonthereal-timealgorithmiseffective,canprovideaccuratetraveltimeestimatesonExpressway,butalsolinkedtotheIntelligentTransportationSystem,providingReal-TimeinformationtoenhancethesafetyefficiencyofthetransportsystemandComfort,reducetheimpactoftrafficontheenvironment

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Last time updated on 12/02/2018

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