The aim of the project was to develop the Fizeau interferometer configuration to
take advantage of the benefits derived from its “downlead insensitivity” to temperature
and polarisation fading. This sensing interferometer was investigated and implemented
in conjunction with various processing interferometers with the view to achieve
optimised performances for Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) application.
A comprehensive theoretical analysis has been carried for Signal-to-Noise ratio of these
OCT systems.
Balanced detection indenting two detectors with anti-phase signals was also
investigated to improve further the SNR. The analysis showed that the SNR (67 dB) of
the balanced Fizeau interferometer improved by 30 dB from that of standard Fizeau
interferometer implementing a single detector. Experimentally, the best SNR for this
configuration was achieved by adding an electronic rectifier based demodulation system
for the signal after balanced detection.
The OCT systems investigated in this project were developed based on a
broadband source operating in the 1550 nm wavelength-band to facilitate improvement
in the depth of penetration of light directed into imaged samples. The coherence length
or axial resolution in air of the system was 21[micro milli]while the transverse resolution was 18
[micro milli] and focusing depth was 340 [micro milli]
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