Characterization of acrylic phantom for use in quality assurance of BNCT beam output procedure

The accelerator-based boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) system has been approved for specific cases covered by health insurance, and clinical trials for new cases in Japan are currently being conducted on other systems. Owing to the progress of accelerator-based BNCT, the operation of medical physics must be rendered more efficient. A water phantom is used for the quality assurance (QA) of the BNCT beam output procedure; however, a solid phantom is preferred for routine QA because of its ease of use. Additionally, because water phantoms cannot be readily used in some facilities owing to structural problems, solid phantoms are preferred for unified measurements at different facilities to compare beam outputs. In this study, we perform irradiation tests using an acrylic phantom and verify that an acrylic phantom can be used for QA. The distribution of thermal neutron flux and gamma-ray dose rate inside the acrylic phantom are evaluated through experiments and simulations. The results indicate that the acrylic phantom is suitable for routine QA and for comparing beam outputs among different systems. In the future, the same irradiation tests will be conducted at other facilities

Current Status and Management Strategies of Obstetric Hemorrhage Using Contrast-enhanced Dynamic Computed Tomography in a Representative Tertiary Perinatal Medical Center in Japan

INTRODUCTION: Obstetric hemorrhage is a leading cause of pregnancy-related mortality. Our hospital protocol states that patients with obstetric hemorrhage undergo initial imaging with contrast-enhanced dynamic computed tomography (CE-dCT) to ascertain the presence and location of active bleeding, followed by tailored therapeutic interventions. Herein, we aimed to elucidate the prevailing status and clinical outcomes of obstetric hemorrhage cases at our institution, which are characterized by a distinctive, methodical treatment approach. METHODS: This retrospective observational study included 150 patients with obstetric hemorrhage. Clinical information, including bleeding volume, hemorrhage etiology, therapeutic intervention, transfusion quantity, patient outcome, and CE-dCT findings, were explored. RESULTS: The leading cause of obstetric hemorrhage was atonic bleeding (55%), followed by vaginal hematoma (13%) and retained placenta (11%). The median amount of bleeding was 2, 803 mL, and the median volume of red blood cells (RBC) and fresh frozen plasma (FFP) required was 6 units. Blood loss and transfusion volume were similar regardless of the cause of obstetric hemorrhage. Conservative management, such as uterotonics or balloon tamponade, achieved hemostasis in 57% of patients, whereas 43% required invasive interventions, such as transcatheter arterial embolization. CE-dCT was performed on 85% of patients, and extravasation was detected in 53%. Moreover, "PRACE, " characterized by Postpartum hemorrhage, Resistance to treatment, and Arterial Contrast Extravasation on CE-dCT scans, potentially requires massive blood transfusions and invasive treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Although obstetric hemorrhage encompasses a diverse array of pathologies, medical practitioners must recognize that approximately 3, 000 mL of blood is lost and at least 6 units of RBC and FFP are required, irrespective of the cause. CE-dCT plays a pivotal role in elucidating the etiology of obstetric hemorrhage and guiding therapeutic interventions

Geometric and Electronic Structure/Reactivity Correlation in Catalysis for Energy Conversion

令和6年度 京都大学化学研究所 スーパーコンピュータシステム 利用報告

<Research Notes>Typology of Takaful (Islamic Insurance) Studies

This study reviews the reasons for the controversy over the acceptability of conventional insurance in the Islamic world based on two positions: the Islamic modernist view and the Islamic revival view. The Islamic modernist view, which emphasizes practice, accepts conventional insurance, whereas the Islamic revival view, which regards ideology as more important, asserts that conventional insurance is not in accordance with Islam. For this reason, the Islamic revival view began to recommend takaful, which is also known as Islamic insurance. Against this background, this study categorizes previous research conducted by Islamic economists, jurists, and finance practitioners. This will help us understand the subsequent development of takaful

Comprehensive survey of giant viruses with state-of-the-art long-read sequencing in a deep lake

令和6年度 京都大学化学研究所 スーパーコンピュータシステム 利用報告

Investigation of endogenous mirusvirus from eukaryotic genomic data

令和6年度 京都大学化学研究所 スーパーコンピュータシステム 利用報告

微量アミンの投与は高脂肪食誘発性肥満マウスの代謝機能障害と薄毛を改善する

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(農学)甲第26062号農博第2672号京都大学大学院農学研究科応用生物科学専攻(主査)教授 佐藤 健司, 教授 菅原 達也, 教授 横井 伯英, 准教授 木下 政人学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDFA

Clarifying the Characteristics and Precursory Conditions of Earthquake-Induced Slope Disasters through Analysis of the 2024 Noto Peninsula Earthquake

研究代表者: 山崎 新太郎Coordinator: Shintaro Yamasak