Besides of large ocean and long coastline, Indonesia was also gifted resourceful islands, which were economically potential for our state development. Even the outer small islands were also have a strategic point as a base line from the Indonesian archipelago straight line in reconciling Indonesian water area, as the front liners of the state, and also support international passage. Nipa is one of the outer small islands that were recently being a public issue. Most of it was the anxiousness about the sinking of Nipa and coast reclamation by Singapore. Both of them concerned to be the causes of a significantly water area diminishing as the base line measurement changes between bordered states. That anxiousness was reasonable as concerning the lost of SipadanLigitan of which Indonesia and Malaysia disagreement. We need some juridical revision for the principal of outer small islands. Afterward, some management policy aspect is complementary required. This research was using a case study method compiled with formally juridical method. Primary and secondary data were analyzed with a qualitative analysis. This issue has three juridical law anvil of Indonesian ownership for Nipa Island, the Intemational Law, Bilateral Agreements, and National Law. From a juridical study, it is notorious that stronger law anvils compared with Sipadan and Ligitan supported Nipa and the other islands. Otherwise, the policy aspect contents about the issues and management strategies conducted by the government, which is mandatory, associated by MMAF, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Defends. The matrix policy described that the MMAF mostly participated than the others. Although it has strong law anvils for Nipa issues, Indonesia is forced to be concern about patches, which can be utilized by Singapore, as example for accomplishments of the baseline agreement and their activity construct in that island.

Besides of large ocean and long coastline, Indonesia was also gifted resourceful islands, which were economically potential for our state development. Even the outer small islands were also have a strategic point as a base line from the Indonesian archipelago straight line in reconciling Indonesian water area, as the front liners of the state, and also support international passage. Nipa is one of the outer small islands that were recently being a public issue. Most of it was the anxiousness about the sinking of Nipa and coast reclamation by Singapore. Both of them concerned to be the causes of a significantly water area diminishing as the base line measurement changes between bordered states. That anxiousness was reasonable as concerning the lost of SipadanLigitan of which Indonesia and Malaysia disagreement. We need some juridical revision for the principal of outer small islands. Afterward, some management policy aspect is complementary required. This research was using a case study method compiled with formally juridical method. Primary and secondary data were analyzed with a qualitative analysis. This issue has three juridical law anvil of Indonesian ownership for Nipa Island, the Intemational Law, Bilateral Agreements, and National Law. From a juridical study, it is notorious that stronger law anvils compared with Sipadan and Ligitan supported Nipa and the other islands. Otherwise, the policy aspect contents about the issues and management strategies conducted by the government, which is mandatory, associated by MMAF, Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Ministry of Defends. The matrix policy described that the MMAF mostly participated than the others. Although it has strong law anvils for Nipa issues, Indonesia is forced to be concern about patches, which can be utilized by Singapore, as example for accomplishments of the baseline agreement and their activity construct in that island

Indonesia has 17.504 island and it's the biggest maritim states in the world. It gives a challege for the government it self because if they don't organized it effectively, there will be bad effects and couses cases. As same as case that happened to Ambalat block, this ocean is claimed as an area from two states. This is the second time Indonesia competes to each other, before that they figth to get sipadan ligitan island, and finaly malaysia got that island. Malaysia claims Ambalat Block based on 1979 map which published in only one side, by drawing a base line until taking a short out of indonesia area. According to the claim, malaysia gives concession to SHELL which is the 011 company from Holland. Whereas, Indonesia has already given concession to italy and england companies. which is the island country claims that this area is the exclusive economic zone and its also as a continental shelf. Ambalat block which is a sulawesi ocean is assumed having a lot of natural riched things. That's the reasons why of the malayslan claim based on. The most important things here is, both of the Countries have ratified the convention law of the sea (UNCLOS 1982) so, they have to finish the problem based on UNCLOS to. The law Study of Ambalat conflict based on UNCLOS : 1. UNCLOS 1982 article 46, Archipelagic States Arr;hipelagic states means a states consitude wholly by one or more arr;hipelagos and may Include other Island. And Malaysia is not the archilpelagic states. 2. UNCLOS 1982 article 47, archipelagic baselines Malaysia cant use the straight archipelagic baselines because they not the archipelagic states. 3. UNCLOS 1982, article 57 ZEE The exclusive economic zone shall not extend beyond nautical miles the baselines from which the breadth of the territrial sea is measured. Dan the ambalat sea include the Indonesian exclusive economic zone . 4. UNCLOS 1982, article 76, Continental shelf Blok ambalat is the pronglotion of its land of east Kalimantan and that blok comes to 200 nautical miles from the baselines indonesian territorial. 5. UNCLOS 1982, article 77, continental Shelf Indonesia have sovereign rights for the purpose of exsploring natural resources of blok amblat.

Indonesia has 17.504 island and it's the biggest maritim states in the world. It gives a challege for the government it self because if they don't organized it effectively, there will be bad effects and couses cases. As same as case that happened to Ambalat block, this ocean is claimed as an area from two states. This is the second time Indonesia competes to each other, before that they figth to get sipadan ligitan island, and finaly malaysia got that island. Malaysia claims Ambalat Block based on 1979 map which published in only one side, by drawing a base line until taking a short out of indonesia area. According to the claim, malaysia gives concession to SHELL which is the 011 company from Holland. Whereas, Indonesia has already given concession to italy and england companies. which is the island country claims that this area is the exclusive economic zone and its also as a continental shelf. Ambalat block which is a sulawesi ocean is assumed having a lot of natural riched things. That's the reasons why of the malayslan claim based on. The most important things here is, both of the Countries have ratified the convention law of the sea (UNCLOS 1982) so, they have to finish the problem based on UNCLOS to. The law Study of Ambalat conflict based on UNCLOS : 1. UNCLOS 1982 article 46, Archipelagic States Arr;hipelagic states means a states consitude wholly by one or more arr;hipelagos and may Include other Island. And Malaysia is not the archilpelagic states. 2. UNCLOS 1982 article 47, archipelagic baselines Malaysia cant use the straight archipelagic baselines because they not the archipelagic states. 3. UNCLOS 1982, article 57 ZEE The exclusive economic zone shall not extend beyond nautical miles the baselines from which the breadth of the territrial sea is measured. Dan the ambalat sea include the Indonesian exclusive economic zone . 4. UNCLOS 1982, article 76, Continental shelf Blok ambalat is the pronglotion of its land of east Kalimantan and that blok comes to 200 nautical miles from the baselines indonesian territorial. 5. UNCLOS 1982, article 77, continental Shelf Indonesia have sovereign rights for the purpose of exsploring natural resources of blok amblat.

In order to realizing settled development and have the continuation, contribution of each sector of development in PDRB have to be non-stopped to be improved, among other things through optimality of development of nature resources owned. This research aim to know perfonnance, role and affect fishery and oceanic sector in Regency Kendal, so that can be fonnulated by altemative of development strategy. This research use case study method, data analyzed to use analysis of location quotient, multiplier effect and SWOT. Dl,lring period of year 1999-2003, fishery product, fishery labor, appliance catch and annada of arrest of fishery and oceanic sector in Regency of Kendal progressively mount. Pursuant to indicator of regional eamings and labor, fishery and oceanic sedor represent sedor of bases in economics in region of Regency Kendal. Thereby, fIShery and oceanic sector of Regency of Kendal able to create opportunity work to fulfill requirement of market in region and also request of market of outside region or export. This condition will enlarge current of eamings into region of Regency Kendal, so that push improvement of request socialize to do well by product of fIShery and also product of other sedor, and indirectly will improve regional eamings. Election of strategy altemative which is given high priority for development of fIShery and oceanic sedor of Regency Kendal, is do development of interpoSing of fishery and oceanic sedor with inwrought approach and have the continuation to exploited is potency of big oceanic resources, labor of-and accessibility fishery easy to got and also existence of support from local govemment of through program of construction and utilizations socialize coastal area, utilize to fulfill local requirement and also export

In order to realizing settled development and have the continuation, contribution of each sector of development in PDRB have to be non-stopped to be improved, among other things through optimality of development of nature resources owned. This research aim to know perfonnance, role and affect fishery and oceanic sector in Regency Kendal, so that can be fonnulated by altemative of development strategy. This research use case study method, data analyzed to use analysis of location quotient, multiplier effect and SWOT. Dl,lring period of year 1999-2003, fishery product, fishery labor, appliance catch and annada of arrest of fishery and oceanic sector in Regency of Kendal progressively mount. Pursuant to indicator of regional eamings and labor, fishery and oceanic sedor represent sedor of bases in economics in region of Regency Kendal. Thereby, fIShery and oceanic sector of Regency of Kendal able to create opportunity work to fulfill requirement of market in region and also request of market of outside region or export. This condition will enlarge current of eamings into region of Regency Kendal, so that push improvement of request socialize to do well by product of fIShery and also product of other sedor, and indirectly will improve regional eamings. Election of strategy altemative which is given high priority for development of fIShery and oceanic sedor of Regency Kendal, is do development of interpoSing of fishery and oceanic sedor with inwrought approach and have the continuation to exploited is potency of big oceanic resources, labor of-and accessibility fishery easy to got and also existence of support from local govemment of through program of construction and utilizations socialize coastal area, utilize to fulfill local requirement and also export

Studi Perbandingan Sistem Bagi Hasil Perikanan Lokal dengan Undang Undang Bagi Hasil Perikanan di Kecamatan Labuan; Jawa Barat

Indonesian government released Fisheries Sharing Law (UU Bagi Hasil Perikanan No. 16/1964) to avoid income gap among fishermen. But local fisheries sharing system stilI applied in some areas. These facts supported the research to find the reasons of institutionalization failure of fisheries sharing law. Research gain indicated that local fisheries sharing system used the same way to calculated net product among fishing gears, but different way in shared net product between owner and tenant in each gear. Fisheries sharing law used the same way to calculated net product and the same way in shared net product between owner and tenant in every fishing gear. This law were not favourable especially by the owners of gillnet and trammel net because their income will be decreased if they used it. Both fisheries sharing systems still made income gap between owner and tenant in each fishing gear and economically not suitable because unequality between opportunity and gain. Based on this comparative study, it is important to applied alternative sharing system which gave equality in product shared and economically consequences

Analisis Pendidikan Formal Anak pada Keluarga Nelayan di Desa Karang Jaladri, Kecamatan Parigi, Kabupaten Ciamis, Provinsi Jawa Barat

Human resources development is a key to achieve a better quality of human life. One way to promote human quality of life is through involving people in education, both formal and informal education. The research focuses on how the fishermen family can takes advantages from formal education. It is expected, that the fishermen have good preferency to involve their chilbren to take formal education in order to broaden their mind and knowledge. From the research, it has been the shown that the distance of the school and the parents age, two factors affecting the willingness of the fishermen to send their children to scholl

Compensation as appreciation for surrender and present all of employee wo/t(s result to belong to centre, divided to financial and non financial. Financial compensation among other things are direct financial, one of its insentive and indirect financial in formed subsidy. Looking for insentive characteristic which is to take directly between employees reward with prestation of work that they reach, therefore insentive giving would be motivating the employee to increase their prestation of works. This research was conducted to analysis of insentive system which used by BPBILAPU Pangandaran, to identificate many factors which decided amount of insentive that employee get and to analysis the using·of insentive system which more efective based of merit system. Results indicated that insentive system which used by BPBILAPU Pangandaran is group/team insentive system with using profit sharing plan, calculation which the sharing consist of 5% for production team and 10% for aU of employee. Many factors which decided insentive of employee BPBILAPU Pangandaran are human resources, natural resources, capital, environment and market. Insentive system based of merit system consist of individual insentive (piecework, production bonus and pay for knowledge compensation) and group insentive (production sharing plan) more effective to used. Both of them have bigger insentive value than insentive which employee gel Besides of it, insentive value that employee get was established by prestation and productivity of work..

Compensation as appreciation for surrender and present all of employee wo/t(s result to belong to centre, divided to financial and non financial. Financial compensation among other things are direct financial, one of its insentive and indirect financial in formed subsidy. Looking for insentive characteristic which is to take directly between employees reward with prestation of work that they reach, therefore insentive giving would be motivating the employee to increase their prestation of works.   This research was conducted to analysis of insentive system which used by BPBILAPU Pangandaran, to identificate many factors which decided amount of insentive that employee get and to analysis the using·of insentive system which more efective based of merit system.   Results indicated that insentive system which used by BPBILAPU Pangandaran is group/team insentive system with using profit sharing plan, calculation which the sharing consist of 5% for production team and 10% for aU of employee. Many factors which decided insentive of employee BPBILAPU Pangandaran are human resources, natural resources, capital, environment and market. Insentive system based of merit system consist of individual insentive (piecework, production bonus and pay for knowledge compensation) and group insentive (production sharing plan) more effective to used. Both of them have bigger insentive value than insentive which employee gel Besides of it, insentive value that employee get was established by prestation and productivity of work.

Analysis On Shrimp trade Between Indonesia and Belgium

Tulisan ini menganalisis faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi pasokan ekspor udang Indonesia ke pasar Belgia dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi permintaan impor pasar Belgia terhadap udang Indonesia. Analisis didasarkan pada analisis partial dengan menggunakan model perdagangan satu negara. Pada penelitian diketahui bahwa nilai tukar Rupiah terhadap dollar Amerika Serikat merupakan faktor dengan pengaruh terbesar yang menentukan ekspor udang Indonesia ke pasar Belgia. Pada sisi impor diketahui bahwa tingkat pendapatan perkapita di Belgia menjadi faktor yang paling penting menentukan permintaan impor pasar Belgia terhadap udang Indonesia. Hasil prakiraan tentang pola ekspor impor udang antara Belgia dan Indonesia menunjukan bahwa dalam kurun sepuluh tahun mendatang, sampai tahun 2000, volume ekspor udang Indonesia ke pasar Belgia akan tumbuh dengan rata-rata pertumbuhan per tahun sebesar 9.8 persen, ceteris paribus

An Evaluation of Goverment Policies on The Development of Fisheries in Indonesia

Tujuan pembangunan perikanan adalah pemanfaatan sumberdaya perikanan untuk kesejahteraan dan kemakmuran rakyat banyak. Dalam pelaksanaannya tujuan pembangunan perikanan tersebut dijabarkan dalam beberapa sasaran yang slfatnya bertentangan, sehingga sulit untuk mencapai seluruh sasaran tersebut secara bersamaan. Pemerintah harus memberikan suatu prioritas pembangunan penkanan yang didasarkan pada ketersediaan sumberdaya, teknologl, pendanaan, ekonomi politik dan faktor-faktor kendala yang dihadapi. Pembangunan perikanan selama 1980-1985 yang dipengaruhi oleh kebijakan periode sebelumnya nampak adanya kecenderungan beroroentasi pada pertumbuhan produksi dan ekspor serta kurang memberikan perhatian yang memadai pada aspek keberlanjutan dan pemerataan sosial dari hasil pembangunan perikanan

Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Karang Hias di Pulau Panggang, Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu Marketing is one of the main interesting problem of karang hias (artifICial coral) business in Pulau Panggang. Some of artificial coral are gathered and then sole by fishennan to the collector who come to Pulau Panggang periodically. Among of species of artificial coral marketed from Pulau Panggang were called karang hias Jamur Mangkok, karang hias Babut Hijau, karang hias Pipa Salim and karang hias Nanas Mata. There are many marketing institutional involved in artificial coral marketing from Pulau Panggang. They have a big role to deliver karang hias from fISherman to the consumer. The aims of this research are : 1) to identify the pattern of karang hias marketing channel that occurred in Pulau Panggang, 2) to analyze marketing efficiency of karang hias in Pulau Panggang: include of market structure, market behavior and marketing margin. Result of this research showed that there are five patterns of marketing chamef in Pulau Panggang. Marketing instjutional that i!1volved in distribution of karang hias to the consumer consisted of fishermen, coIlector, merchant, exporter, and retailer. Market structured of karang hias tend to form imperfectly competition. Market behavior showed that in functional martfel activities fisherman have got a low price and low of fishermen's share. Market institutional of karang hias didn't get the spread of profit, cost of marketing was relatively high and marketing margin was also high enough. Those market structure,market behavior and marketing margin Rlcated that marketing of karang hias in Pulau Panggang, Kabupaten Administrasi Keputauan Semu was inefficient.

Analisis Efisiensi Pemasaran Karang Hias di Pulau Panggang, Kabupaten Administrasi Kepulauan Seribu Marketing is one of the main interesting problem of karang hias (artifICial coral) business in Pulau Panggang. Some of artificial coral are gathered and then sole by fishennan to the collector who come to Pulau Panggang periodically. Among of species of artificial coral marketed from Pulau Panggang were called karang hias Jamur Mangkok, karang hias Babut Hijau, karang hias Pipa Salim and karang hias Nanas Mata. There are many marketing institutional involved in artificial coral marketing from Pulau Panggang. They have a big role to deliver karang hias from fISherman to the consumer.   The aims of this research are : 1) to identify the pattern of karang hias marketing channel that occurred in Pulau Panggang, 2) to analyze marketing efficiency of karang hias in Pulau Panggang: include of market structure, market behavior and marketing margin.   Result of this research showed that there are five patterns of marketing chamef in Pulau Panggang. Marketing instjutional that i!1volved in distribution of karang hias to the consumer consisted of fishermen, coIlector, merchant, exporter, and retailer. Market structured of karang hias tend to form imperfectly competition. Market behavior showed that in functional martfel activities fisherman have got a low price and low of fishermen's share. Market institutional of karang hias didn't get the spread of profit, cost of marketing was relatively high and marketing margin was also high enough. Those market structure,market behavior and marketing margin Rlcated that marketing of karang hias in Pulau Panggang, Kabupaten Administrasi Keputauan Semu was inefficient.

Competition in business of fishing restaurant is highly increasing. In this situation, customer have more better bargaining position. This condition give them opportunity to choose the best one fishing restaurant that give them satisfaction. Therefore, satisfied the customer is the best way to be the winner in the fishing restaurant business competition. This research is aimed to identify attributes of Lumintu 1001 quality of service that influenced the customer satisfaction, to identify the level of customer satisfaction toward attributes of Lumintu 1001 quality of service, to get the information of the priority attributes to improve. Result of the research showed 16 attributes quality of service in Lumintu 1001 fishing restaurant. There were sanitary kit, waiter appearance, room layout, room neatness, tasted of food and beverage, atmospheriC of fishing restaurant, suitability of food and beverage, fishing facility, quickness of service, waiter response to the problems, convenience toward payment, friendly of service, availability of foood and beverage written in the list of menu, security of availability of food and beverage, staff skill and knowledge to explain of menu, waiter availability to communication to the customer. Customer assessed attributes of quality of service based on the level of importance and satisfaction each attributes. Customer Satisfaction index showed that quality of service in Lumintu 1001 fishing restaurant gave the satisfaction to the customer. The range of satisfaction is between satisfaction enough to satisfaction. Attributes of quality of service that give priority to improve are quickness of service and room neatness.

Competition in business of fishing restaurant is highly increasing. In this situation, customer have more better bargaining position. This condition give them opportunity to choose the best one fishing restaurant that give them satisfaction. Therefore, satisfied the customer is the best way to be the winner in the fishing restaurant business competition. This research is aimed to identify attributes of Lumintu 1001 quality of service that influenced the customer satisfaction, to identify the level of customer satisfaction toward attributes of Lumintu 1001 quality of service, to get the information of the priority attributes to improve. Result of the research showed 16 attributes quality of service in Lumintu 1001 fishing restaurant. There were sanitary kit, waiter appearance, room layout, room neatness, tasted of food and beverage, atmospheriC of fishing restaurant, suitability of food and beverage, fishing facility, quickness of service, waiter response to the problems, convenience toward payment, friendly of service, availability of foood and beverage written in the list of menu, security of availability of food and beverage, staff skill and knowledge to explain of menu, waiter availability to communication to the customer. Customer assessed attributes of quality of service based on the level of importance and satisfaction each attributes. Customer Satisfaction index showed that quality of service in Lumintu 1001 fishing restaurant gave the satisfaction to the customer. The range of satisfaction is between satisfaction enough to satisfaction. Attributes of quality of service that give priority to improve are quickness of service and room neatness