SCHEDULING LECTURESOFTWARE USING WEB-BASED FRAMEWORK CODEIGNITER (A CASE STUDY: FACULTY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY UIN SUNAN GUNUNG DJATIBANDUNG

Nowadays, using of the computer has increased widely, the technology used is growing rapidly every field, and technological Information become an important part of it that makes easy and speed in producing the latest information. The private or public agencies now competiting to make and build the information system to help their work. The Faculty of Science and Technology UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung is an institution under theauspices ofthe Ministry ofReligious Affairswhichcannot be separatedas an educational institutionthat requiresasystemthat providesefficient service,fast, and transparent. In this case, Scheduling Lecture Application is one of the information technology used in the Faculty of Science and Technology State Islamic University Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung. Scheduling classes is not an easy task because it must consider many constraints or limitations, the limitation of humans to arrange all the existing constraints make them doing an error work sometimes, this factor is difficult to avoid. Therefore, it takes a scheduling lecture system that can perform calculations and checking an error as facilitation for officers easy in scheduling classes. In this case the writer uses the method of manufacture of the Rational Unified Process (RUP), which is proses of iterative software development that focuses on the use case driven

STRUKTUR DAN FUNGSI EKSOPOLISAKARIDA DALAM SIMBIOSIS LEGUM-RHIZOBIUM

Rhizobia memproduksi eksopolisakarida (EPS) untuk pembentukan nodul pemfiksasi nitrogen pada tipe nodul-legum indeterminate. EPS berperan dalam invasi dan perkembangan nodul, pelepasan bakteri dari benang infeksi, perkembangan bakteroid, dan penekanan terhadap respons pertahanan tanaman dan perlindungan terhadap senyawa anti microbial tanaman. Sintesis dikontrol oleh gen-gen exo, exs, exp, atau pss yang terdapat pada megaplasmid rhizobia atau kromosom Eksopolisakarida rhizobia merupakan polimer heteropolisakarida spesifik spesies yang mengandung gula yang dapat disubstitusi dengan sisa non-karbohidrat dan terdiri dari unit ulangan tujuh sampai sembilan sisa heksosa. Succinoglycan (EPS I) dan galactoglucan (EPS II) merupakan EPS rhizobia yang memiliki struktur dan sintesis berbeda. Succinoglycan tersusun dari unit berulang octasaccharida yang berisi satu galaktosa dan sisa tujuh glukosa dan digabungkan oleh ikatan β-1,3, β-1,4 dan β-1, 6 glycosidic dan . Galactoglucan merupakan polimer unit berulang disakarida dengan ikatan α-1,3 dan β-1,3 glycosidic EPS I disintesis pada kondisi normal, sedangkan EPS II disintesis pada saat kekurangan P atau terjadi mutasi pengatur gen mucR atau expR. EPS I dan II disekresikan kedalam fraksi utama dengan dua sub unit polimerisasi berbeda, yaitu : 1) yang memiliki berat molekul tinggi (HMW) dan 2) yang memiliki berat molekul rendah (LMW). Pada mutan defisien EPS pembengkokan rambut akar dan pembentukan benang infeksi dapat terus berjalan dengan bantuan penambahan LMW EPS dan koinokulasi. Keberhasilan koinokulasi bergantung pada kemampuan strain rhizobia dalam menghasilkan EPS identik dan struktur kimia yang sama, serta memiliki jumlah pasangan EPS- Nod+ dan EPS+Nod- sama

SINBIOTIK ANTARA EKSTRAKS INULIN DARI BAWANG MERAH (Allium cepa) DENGANLactobacillus casei strain BIO 251 DAN UJI BIOAKTIVITASNYA TERHADAP BAKTERI PENYEBAB DIARE

Inulin is prebiotic polymers mainly comprising of fructose units in wich are bond by a β(2-1) glycosidic link and typically have a terminal glucose. Inulin can be extracted from natural source. At this research, inulin’s extraction from dahlia root produces yield of inulin 3.99% and onion (Allium cepa) with yield of inulin 0.2%. Extract of inulin from dahlia roots has 3.9% reduce sugar, 7.0% cold water solubility, 1:1.4 water binding capacity and result of TLC analysis shows retention time Rf 0.50. Extract of inulin from onion has 2.5% reduce sugar, 10.5% cold water solubility, 1:1.1 water binding capacity and result of TLC analysis shows Rf 0.49. Extract of inulin at concentration 437.8 ppm both inulin from dahlia root and onion are able to influent Lactobacillus casei strain Bio 251 there are 52.6% and 48.1%. Synbiotic that containing extract of inulin, both inulin from dahlia root and from onion with minimum concentration 434.8 ppm can be inhibited Salmonella thypi that is one of bacteria causes diarrhea which values 94.6% and 91.4%, respectively