This is MATE: A Multiple scAttering correcTion rEtrieval algorithm for accurate lidar profiling of seawater optical properties

Lidar has the capability to measure seawater vertical optical properties efficiently both day-time and night-time, though accurate retrieval is still challenging due to multiple scattering. Herein, we propose a Multiple scAttering correcTion and rEtrieval (MATE) algorithm suitable for shipborne, airborne and spaceborne lidars. The MATE algorithm provides the synchronous depth-resolved absorption, backscattering and diffuse attenuation co-efficients of seawater. A good consistency was obtained between retrieved results and the in situ data with a root mean square relative difference (RSMRD) of 6.36% for diffuse attenuation coefficient, corresponding to an improvement of 2 times over methods that neglect multiple scattering. These results indicate that the MATE algorithm has valuable application potential in the quantitative evaluation of marine biological parameters

An overview of production routes of the non-standard positron emitter 86gY with emphasis on a comparative analysis of the 86Sr(p,n)- and 86Sr(d,2n)-reactions

A very brief overview of the hitherto investigated production routes of 86gY is given, and a comparative analysis of its production via the two low-energy reactions, namely (p,n) and (d,2n) on 96.4% enriched 86Sr as target material, is presented. Based on our recent cross- section measurements, the calculated yields of 86gY via the two reactions were compared, and the levels of co-produced isotopic impurities were estimated. At low-energy medical cyclotrons (Ep < 20 MeV; Ed <10 MeV) the use of the (p, n) reaction is superior, both in terms of the yield of 86gY and the levels of radionuclidic impurities. At medium-sized cyclotrons, on the other hand, the (d, 2n) reaction leads to higher yield of 86gY, but the level of radionuclidic impurities is also higher. The method of choice for production of 86gY thus remains the (p,n) reaction on enriched 86Sr

Solid Ion Conductors under Pressure: In Situ Monitoring of the Tetragonal to Cubic Phase Transition of Na3SbS4Na_3SbS_4 and Na3PS4Na_3PS_4

The $Na_3PnS_4 (Pn = P, Sb)$ solid electrolytes are promising candidates for sodium solid-state batteries due to their potential high ionic conductivities. Structural modifications of these materials can induce a tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition, either by increasing temperature or by aliovalent substitutions. In this study, we introduce pressure as an alternative approach to observe the tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition in these materials. In situ synchrotron high-pressure powder X-ray diffraction shows a tetragonal-to-cubic phase transition at pressures of 2.9 GPa for $Na_3SbS_4$ and 14.6 GPa for $Na_3PS_4$. Rietveld refinements and symmetry analysis provide insights into the displacive phase transition mechanism related to the motion of $Na^+$ and the rotation of the $SbS_4^{3–}$ tetrahedra. Density functional theory calculations confirm that the cubic phase becomes thermodynamically favorable under high pressure compared to the tetragonal phase. These findings highlight the importance of high-pressure considerations in tailoring the properties of ionic conductors, an area that remains underexplored