LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT OF WET NOODLES PRODUCTS AT MIE CEPET IBU RUBIYEM MICRO SMALL MEDIUM ENTERPRISE (MSME) BANDAR LAMPUNG CITY

Wet noodles are a type of noodle that undergoes a boiling process before being marketed. Activities in the wet noodle production process can produce waste and emissions that have the potential to cause environmental impacts. The resulting environmental impacts include greenhouse gas (GHG), acidification, and eutrophication. The amount of environmental impact produced can be determined through the life cycle assessment (LCA) method. This research aimed to measure the potential impact of GHG emissions, acidification, and eutrophication, and provide recommendations for alternative improvements to reduce the resulting emissions. The scope used was gate-to-gate and the functional unit was1 kg of wet noodles.  The environmental impact analysis that has been carried out showed that the amount of GHG, acidification, and eutrophication were 4.72x10-1 kgCO2eq, 1.82 x 10-5 kgSO2eq, and 5.97 x 10-3 kgPO43-eq, respectively. Recommendations for alternative improvements that can be made are (1) Substitution for the use of renewable energy, namely off-grid solar power plants (SPE), which can reduce GHG emissions by 0.19%, acidification by 63.1%, and eutrophication 79.5%. (2) The use of electric vehicles (EV) as the main energy source from off-grid solar power plants can reduce GHG emissions by 0.02% and acidification by 3.64%. (3) Converting wastewater into liquid organic fertilizer (LF) can reduce GHG emissions by 78.4% and eutrophication by 1.12%, and (4) Selling solid waste (SSW) to livestock feed can reduce GHG emissions by 19.2% in all processes. Keywords: acidification, eutrophication, Greenhouse gases (GHG), Life Cycle Assessment (LCA), wet noodle

PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT AND RISK MITIGATION OF PINEAPPLE SUPPLY CHAIN IN CENTRAL KALIMANTAN PROVINCE

Pineapple farmers and agro-processing businesses in Kapuas and Pulang Pisau face several risk. One significant risk is the lack of clarity regarding existing supply chain structures and performance, resulting in operational inefficiencies. This study aimed to identify and measure the performance of the pineapple agroindustry supply chain, analyze potential risks within the supply chain, and evaluate risk mitigation actions in the pineapple agroindustry located in Kapuas Regency and Pulang Pisau Regency, Central Kalimantan. The method used to analyze supply chain performance was the SCOR-AHP (Supply Chain Operations Reference-Analytic Hierarchy Process) method, while risk analysis was conducted using the HOR (House of Risk) method. The results showed that the highest supply chain performance score was attributed to the distributor, with a total score of 72.89, categorized as "good." Conversely, the lowest performance was seen among farmers, with a score of 42.55, classified as "marginal." The highest risk for farmers was the low selling price of pineapples, for collectors was price fluctuations, and for pineapple SMEs was inaccurate production planning and scheduling. The prioritized risk mitigation actions for farmers included optimizing the implementation of proper SOPs (Standard Operating Procedure) for pineapple cultivation and post-harvest processes, for collectors was the establishment of standards and agreements with farmers regarding pineapple quality, while the industry focuses on planning, optimizing, monitoring, and periodically evaluating the production process. Additionally, distributors should enhance the marketing reach of the products. Keywords: HOR, performance of supply chain, pineapple, risks, SCOR-AH

PEMETAAN JEJARING SOSIAL TECHNOPRENEUR AGROINDUSTRI DALAM TAHAP AWAL PROSES KEWIRAUSAHAAN

A technopreneur's social network is a key factor in the early stages of the entrepreneurial process which includes the stages of searching for ideas, acquiring resources, and gaining legitimacy for the development of his business. It is hoped that a technopreneur's ability to create, manage and maintain social networks can improve the performance of the business he starts. This research aimed to map the social network of technopreneurs in the early stages of their entrepreneurial process and analyze their evolution in the three initial stages. The technopreneur social networks studied were betweenness, centrality, density and diversity. Networks are built using an ego network approach. The egos used were eight new businesses that are members of a business incubator with the criteria of food and non-food agro-industry, business unit age 2 – 5 years, in wall which means having an office in the incubator and out wall which means having an office outside the incubator. The network was analyzed using software. The results of the analysis show that technopreneurs who are on the in wall have a denser network than those on the out wall due to the large number of actors who come from the incubator network. The parameter values of betweenness, centrality, diversity and density change at each stage of the entrepreneurial process. Technopreneurs need diversity and betweenness in the idea search phase to increase the flow of information and ideas. Technopreneurs need centrality and density in the resource acquisition phase to increase resource access. Centrality and density are needed in the legitimacy phase to increase a technopreneur's reputation. Keywords: agroindustry, entrepreneurial stages, social networking, technopreneu

QUALITY IMPROVEMENTS IN THE PACKAGING OF MSR RICE PRODUCT USING SIX SIGMA METHOD AND FUZZY ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS

The company has problems in production, one of which is that there is defective packaging on the product. The product that became the object of research was Packaging of Product MSR, which was most often returned from distributors because it did not comply with the specified quality with an average percentage of 1.08%. This study aims to identify the factors that cause defects in MSR products and provide suggestions for improvements to minimize defects and improve the quality of the production process. Quality improvement is carried out using the Six Sigma method with the stages of Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, and Control and the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process. the DPMO value obtained was 8211.43 with a sigma level of 3.899. In the Failure Mode Effect Analysis calculation, the four highest causes were found namely packaging that did not meet the requirements, the sealer machine was too hot, rice buildup during storage and the printing machine was damaged. The best alternative is determined using the Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process with the criteria of cost, materials, maintenance and storage. The selected improvement proposals are the creation of a form for routine inspection, cleaning of packaging machines and creating an alarm for every 730 products, and manufacturing of shelves for product storage. Keywords: define measure analyze improve control, fuzzy analytical hierarchy process, failure mode effect analysis, six sigm

THE CHARACTERISTICS OF FERMENTATION DRINK FROM JACKFRUIT SEED JUICE (Artocarpus heterophyllus) IN VARIATION THE GIVING OF SUCROSE AND SKIM MILK WITH THE BACTERIA Lactobacillus casei

This study aims to determine the giving’s effect of sucrose and skim milk concentrations on the features of jackfruit seed juice probiotic drinks. This research implemented a completely randomized design with two factors. The first and second factor is sucrose and skim milk given, with five treatment levels: 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%, respectively. There were 25 treatment combinations and they were repeated two times. Sucrose and skim milk in different variations resulted in considerably varied interactions with total lactic acid bacteria, total lactic acid, pH, and stability tests. Giving 0% sucrose with 15% skim milk resulted in the highest overall lactic acid bacteria (LAB) concentration compared to other treatments (9.2 × 107 CFU/ml). The total LAB is calculated using SNI 01-2981-2009 at 107 CFU/mL. Giving 0% sucrose with 20% skim milk elevated total lactic acid the most compared to other treatments (2.46%). After 48 hours of fermentation, the pH ranged between 3.1 and 5.2. The probiotic drink's stability test follows the SNI 7552:2009 standard for yogurt stability, indicating a high stability rating (> 85%). Keywords: functional foods, jackfruit seed, milk, probiotic, sucros

Kata Pengantar

Pembaca yang budiman, Puji syukur kita panjatkan kehadirat Allah SWT,  atas berkat dan rahmatNya kami dapat kembali hadir untuk menyajikan artikel-artikel terkini pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian Volume 34 Nomor 1 Edisi April, Tahun 2024. Semua artikel yang dimuat pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian ini telah diseleksi dan ditelaah oleh Dewan Editor dan Mitra Bebestari yang kompeten. Hanya artikel-artikel berkualitas baik dan sangat baik yang dapat dimuat pada Jurnal Teknologi Industri Pertanian.   Topik-topik yang disajikan pada edisi ini meliputi Sales prediction of kacampring chips using adaptive neuro fuzzy inference system, evaluasi indeks kinerja sistem tanaman anggrek hitam, pengaruh penggunaan teknologi CRF (Controlled Release Fertilizer) the effect of roasting using spouted bed roaster on psychohemical robusta, pirolisis sabun logam dari asam oleat untuk produksi biohidrokarbon, delignifikasi tandan kosong kelapa sawit (TKKS) dengan NaOH, analysis and design of wheat distribution system in port area Banten, pemetaan jejaring sosial technopreneur agroindustri, rancang bangun rantai pasok agroindustri sorghum. Sebagai penutup disajikan artikel yang berjudul analisis perbandingan emisi dari perbedaan metode penggorengan keripik pisang di Lampung. Kepada penulis dan mitra bebestari yang telah berkontribusi pada penerbitan jurnal edisi ini, kami menyampaikan terima kasih yang mendalam.    Kami mengundang rekan sejawat peneliti dan praktisi agroindustri  mengirimkan naskah untuk disajikan pada jurnal ini.  Saran dan kritik yang membangun dari pelanggan, pembaca dan para pihak lainnya sangat kami harapkan. Selamat membaca.   Ketua Dewan Editor   Marimi

SERVICE QUALITY, BUSINESS ETHICS, AND GOVERNANCE OF BUYER-SUPPLIER RELATIONSHIP TO ENHANCE COMPETITIVENESS: CRITICAL LITERATURE REVIEW

The aim of this study is to provide an objective overview in buyer-supplier relationship in manufacturing industries to enhance competitiveness in the context of service quality, business ethics, and relational governance. A systematic literature review was conducted using the PRISMA model and 53 papers were selected after had been screened. The results showed that: 1) research’s objects encompass various types of manufacturing industries, such as pulp & paper, chemical, mining, automotive, SMEs, and diverse organizations which came from 22 countries, whereas China, European countries, and African countries are likely paid intensive intension regarding the three dimensions of research’s objects. The methods used in existing studies mostly focused on factor analysis, qualitative/descriptive, and system dynamic. However, soft system was the least commonly utilized in buyer-supplier relationship in context of industries’ competitiveness, 2) Service quality positively affects customers’ satisfaction, trust, customer and brand loyalty, and it is also a strong mediator to green logistics performance. Customers’ perceptions on service quality and brand can take precedence over traditional competitive advantages due to increased level of competition and customers’ changing expectations. Adopting ethics as a policy could be an advantage for business to stay competitive. Furthermore, relational governance requires trust and information sharing so that building a trustworthy buyer-supplier relationship is critical for successful supply chain management, 3) Paper industry is still considered a research trend, therefore focusing in integrating both soft and hard systems approach for strategy development is the most appropriate in order to improve its’ competitiveness as the basis for upcoming research. Keywords: business ethics, competitiveness, relational governance, service quality, buyer-supplier relationshi

SYNTHESIS OF RESIDUAL OIL FROM SPENT BLEACHING EARTH (SBE) INTO BIODIESEL USING MICROWAVE REACTOR

Spent bleaching earth (SBE) is a waste from the crude palm oil CPO refining process which contains high oil content, around 20-30%. There are several methods to reduce SBE oil content, one of which is the solvent extraction method. SBE residual oil can be utilized as a raw material for biodiesel. This research aims to determine the mass ratio of SBE and solvent, the optimal temperature for extracting residual oil from SBE, and the potential of residual oil from SBE to be used as biodiesel using a microwave reactor. Residual oil extraction was carried out at varying mass ratios of SBE and solvent (1:2, 1:4, and 1:6) and varying temperatures (26, 40, and 50°C). The treated residual oil was esterified and subjected to transesterification reaction with 15% methanol and 1% KOH for 10 minutes at 60°C using a microwave reactor. The optimal extraction result for residual oil was at a 1:4 ratio and 26°C with a yield of 19.12%. There is also an increase in surface area in deoiled-SBE. The conversion of residual oil from SBE into biodiesel yielded 33.53% with a conversion value of 45.28% and a FAME content of 92.97%. The characteristics of the produced biodiesel meet the Indonesian National Standard (SNI) for biodiesel with density of 0.8674 g/cm3 and viscosity of 5.69 mm2/s. Keywords: extraction, fatty acid, transesterification, yiel

ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF WHEAT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM IN PORT AREA BANTEN

The globalization of free trade has caused imported food to become an alternative consumption because of the ease of consumption, such as fast food. Wheat demand fluctuates due to increased demand for making wheat flour by factories around the port area. Indonesia, which does not have productive wheat plantations, imports to meet national needs. The stakeholders in the wheat supply and distribution chain are the ports where transport ships from abroad dock. In the Banten region, the Cigading port is a loading and unloading port for wheat, corn and other agricultural grain commodities. Partner companies manage the delivery of farm commodities from loading and unloading with the help of transportation modes such as trucks, trains and conveyors for factories around the port. Imported wheat from country A is docked at the port, the loading and unloading process and delivered to several warehouses between the dry warehouse at the port and the surrounding factory warehouse. The method of transporting wheat commodities is by trucks and trains when shipping. The research aimed to optimize the number of grain truck transportation modes so that minimum distribution costs per truck can be obtained using the integer linear programming method. Minimize total distribution costs of $435.5, with truck routes sending wheat to dry warehouses inside the port and factory warehouses outside the port 12 times back and forth. That is caused by weather, long loading and unloading times, limited transportation capacity, and irregular truck queues. Keywords: distribution costs, imported, truck ration, wheat, wheat flou