Airbnb in the Byron Shire, Australia – bane or blessing?

Purpose – Scholarly research into community members’ views on the positive and negative impacts of Airbnb on the local community is sparse, especially in regional Australia. The purpose of this paper is to explore the views of key informants in the Byron Shire of Australia about the impacts of Airbnb on the local community, as well as possible solutions to the problems. Design/methodology/approach – A qualitative approach of in-depth interviewing using a semi-structured interview guide was used to capture the views regarding the impacts of Airbnb held by 22 key informants in the Byron Shire community. The interview data were analysed using thematic analysis. Findings – The 22 interviewees identified five main positive impacts of Airbnb on the Byron Shire community and eight main negative impacts of Airbnb. All participants said they wanted more regulation of Airbnb properties to help address the negative impacts of Airbnb in the community. Eight specific recommendations were offered by the interviewees. Research limitations/implications – The negative impacts of Airbnb felt by local community are more extensive and deleterious than have been accounted for in the literature. Research into community stakeholder perspectives is important, in order to gain a fuller view of the costs and benefits of sharing economy, especially with regard to short-term letting or holiday letting in tourism centres, as well as potential for more sustainable solutions to the issues. Practical implications – The findings are being used to inform policy makers’ decisions in managing Airbnb in the Shire. Social implications – The involvement of key informant community members in this study highlights that there is much common ground between different stakeholders. This type of research may help to provide a sense of enfranchisement and empowerment. This is important in fostering a more balanced public debate, as well as more sustainable approaches to managing the issues. Originality/value – This paper is the first to explore the views of a range of different key informants in the regional tourist area of Byron Shire in Australia with regard to the positive and negative impacts of Airbnb on the local community, as well as possible solutions to the issues raised by Airbnb

The Australian CRC-P program : strategic cooperation, boundary spanning and contingent outcomes

The Cooperative Research Centres -- Projects program, began in 2016. This qualitative study investigates the experience of twenty-five CRC-P participants in the first two rounds of the program along with four informed observers. Three main outcomes emerge from the research. First, in contrast to the interorganisational and public policy literature on collaboration, a relational model reflecting strategic cooperation appeared evident. Second, boundary spanning by post-doctoral graduates bridged the two worlds of academia and industry. Finally, three levels of outcomes were identified in the interviews, codified by the author as primary, secondary and tertiary outcomes

Emergency nurse\u27s knowledge and understanding of their role in recognising and responding to patients with sepsis: a qualitative study

Aim Sepsis is a significant and time-sensitive clinical concern for patients who present to Emergency Departments (EDs). Existing guidelines do not define nurses’ roles in managing sepsis. This study explored ED nurses’ experiences and perceptions around recognising and responding to patients with sepsis, and their awareness of sepsis screening and prognostic tools. The knowledge and insights gained from this study may be used to inform local and international ED policies, and enrich nursing educational packages that may be used to improve quality of patient care and patient outcomes. Methods Qualitative design incorporating semi-structured interviews with 14 ED nurses was undertaken. Thematic and consensus-based content analyses were used to explore transcripts. Findings Six key themes were identified; (1) contribution of the organisation, (2) appreciation of knowledge, (3) appreciation of clinical urgency, (4) appreciation of importance of staff supervision, (5) awareness of the importance of staff experience, and (6) awareness of the need to seek advice. Conclusion ED nurses’ identified deficits in their capacity to recognise and respond to patients with sepsis, despite their vital role within the multidisciplinary team that cares for patients with sepsis. The knowledge and insights gained from this study can be used to inform ED policies, to enrich context-specific educational packages that aim to improve quality of patient care and outcomes and identify areas for further research. Development and implementation of a nurse-inclusive sepsis pathway may address many deficits identified in this study

Administering faith: does the religious institution administering a school influence educational achievement?

Australia’s education landscape is almost unique among developed nations in having a high proportion of students taught at non-government schools by a diverse range of religious providers, which receive relatively high levels of government funding. It therefore offers the ideal setting for a study on the outcomes achieved by students at schools administered by the major faith providers relative to their peers in government institutions. We take advantage of a six-year panel of nationwide academic test data, along with a comprehensive suite of control variables, to test whether there are differences in average school performance. We find strong evidence to suggest that significant differences in achievement exist between various faith-based providers that cannot be explained solely with reference to educational advantage and prior performance

Effect of acute experimental hand pain on left-right discrimination response latency for hand recognition

Background: Recent work has indicated that acute experimental pain affects left-right discrimination latency. This phenomenon highlights an effect of pain on the cortex that may have significant clinical importance in the form of pain state assessment. However, to date only limited study has further qualified this effect. A more thorough understanding of the magnitude and characteristics of this phenomenon is needed to determine its potential clinical utility.Objective: This study aimed to closely replicate previous studies investigating response latency changes for left-right discrimination judgements as a result of acute experimental pain.Methods: Twenty-two right-handed participants (n = 11 female, n = 11 male) free from pain, analgesia use, pain-related conditions, upper limb trauma/conditions, visual impairment, and dyslexia took part in this study. Participants completed a hand left-right discrimination judgement task before, during, and after an experimental pain stimulus was delivered to each hand separately. Experimental pain was achieved using an intramuscular injection of hypertonic (5%) saline into the thenar eminence of the left and right hands. Mean response times for the left-right discrimination task were determined and compared for pain location (right, left), pain condition (before, during, after), and image laterality (right, left). Pain intensity was rated at 20 s intervals during each left-right discrimination task.Results: A main effect of pain condition (p = 0.028) confirmed that pain intensity was significantly higher in the during pain condition compared to the before pain and after pain conditions. A main effect of image laterality (p = 0.002) further showed that response latency for right-hand pain was significantly shorter compared to left-hand pain. No significant interaction between the factors pain location and image laterality (p = 0.086) was found. For right-hand pain, response latencies for the unaffected hand were, however, descriptively greater compared to the affected hand, and this was not the case for left-hand pain. Furthermore, no main effect of pain stimulus or of pain location on response times was found (p = 1.00 and p = 0.202, respectively).Conclusion: Our results were not consistent with previous hand left-right discrimination response latency results and may cast doubt on the attentional bias hypothesis that is currently considered to underpin response latency changes during acute experimental hand pain. Individual responses to pain, subsets of participants, and differing mental rotation strategies during the left-right discrimination task may have influenced the results

When times get tough: savoring and relationship satisfaction in couples coping with a stressful life event

Background and objectives: When couples face a stressful life event, this can adversely impact relationship satisfaction. Because savoring positive experiences is thought to enhance intimate relationships and there is evidence that savoring buffers the negative effects of stress at the intrapersonal level, this study examined savoring as an interpersonal resource for couples who experienced a stressful life event.Methods: One hundred and twenty-eight opposite-sex couples completed measures of impact of event, savoring, positive affect, and relationship satisfaction.Results: Results from actor-partner interdependence models found that: (1) For couple members who reported a relatively low impact of event, their own savoring was positively predicted by their partner\u27s impact of event; (2) For women, their own savoring the moment predicted their own and their partner\u27s greater relationship satisfaction; (3) The relationship between one\u27s own impact of event and relationship satisfaction was buffered by one\u27s partner\u27s savoring the moment; and (4) The relationship between one\u27s own savoring and relationship satisfaction was mediated by one\u27s own positive affect.Conclusions: The findings support the study of savoring as an interpersonal resource in times of stress and have implications for couples-based interventions

Alive and kicking: the benefits of scuba diving leisure for older Australian women

As the number of older people in the developed world continues to rise, attention has turned to the contribution of leisure activities to quality of life. Leisure behaviour has been studied in numerous activities, including outdoor leisure. Scuba diving research has revealed the typical diver profile to be young and male. Yet with an active and ageing population, these stereotypes are being challenged. One notable group is the over 40s female diver. To understand more about leisure and older women, a qualitative study investigated the benefits scuba diving brings to a group of mature aged Australian women. Utilizing empirical research conducted in a beachside community, this research revealed the benefits older women gained from participation in diving activities and how diving activities contributed to their well-being. Findings contribute to the knowledge of serious leisure and continuation theory for adventurous older Australian women, an unexplored segment of the growing scuba diving community

Drivers of recovery and reassembly of coral reef communities

Understanding processes that drive community recovery are needed to predict ecosystem trajectories and manage for impacts under increasing global threats. Yet, the quantification of community recovery in coral reefs has been challenging owing to a paucity of long-term ecological data and high frequency of disturbances. Here we investigate community re-assembly and the bio-physical drivers that determine the capacity of coral reefs to recover following the 1998 bleaching event, using long-term monitoring data across four habitats in Palau. Our study documents that the time needed for coral reefs to recover from bleaching disturbance to coral-dominated state in disturbance-free regimes is at least 9-12 years. Importantly, we show that reefs in two habitats achieve relative stability to a climax community state within that time frame. We then investigated the direct and indirect effects of drivers on the rate of recovery of four dominant coral groups using a structural equation modelling approach. While the rates of recovery differed among coral groups, we found that larval connectivity and juvenile coral density were prominent drivers of recovery for fast growing Acropora but not for the other three groups. Competitive algae and parrotfish had negative and positive effects on coral recovery in general, whereas wave exposure had variable effects related to coral morphology. Overall, the time needed for community re-assembly is habitat specific and drivers of recovery are taxa specific, considerations that require incorporation into planning for ecosystem management under climate change