Meio século de exposições temporárias : no Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga, (1974-2023)

This dissertation seeks to document and critically analyze all the temporary exhibitions that were part of the programming of the Museu Nacional de Arte Antiga (MNAA), since the end of the dictatorship in Portugal, 49 years ago, until the present day (1974 – 2023). The goal is to demonstrate how these events reflected the Museum's performance and understand how they marked its evolution in the democratic and contemporary context, highlighting the programmatic decisions taken by its different directors, during the period defined for analysis. The survey of the exhibitions and the various information that configure them – this being the main premise of this project – allowed the obtaining of new data and the creation of graphics that prove to be essential and relevant for this type of research, that will complement the MNAA's archival history and, consequently, the panorama of the Portuguese museological community, given the importance of this cultural institution as the country's main museum of ancient art. In summary, this study deals with the MNAA's temporary exhibitions, not only because they are fundamental to its prestige, but also because the majority of the Museum's exhibition activity during the democratic era lacks systematization – something that had not been done until now. The aim, above all, is to combat the proliferation of archival dissociation, which is one of the main enemies of safeguarding museological heritage and its memory, and to contribute to the organization of information in a single document, facilitating the researcher's consultation and, even, from the Museum’s own employee

Early Career Academic’s Associations: A Study of Resistance and Empowerment on Social Media

The current Spanish higher education landscape (characterized by evaluations, overcrowding of classrooms, commitment to internationalization) has social, employment, and health repercussions for Early Career Academics (ECAs). However, this group of academics is often described as passive subjects when it comes to challenging the current situation in higher education. In this study, we sought to understand the attitudes of resistance and criticism in ECAs by analyzing the activity (through NodeXL) and content (through Nvivo12) of the Twitter accounts of two Spanish ECA associations. Twitter (now X) was selected since social media has emerged as a new form of social empowerment and democratization. It is concluded that there are attitudes of resistance among the accounts analyzed. However, for ECAs, criticism of the evaluation system and emphasis on scientific production is relegated to the background, with criticism of their working conditions taking priority. Finally, we highlight the significant and impactful role of associations in social and political struggles.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Perceção da cardiologia, preferências profissionais e impacto na escolha de carreira entre cardiologistas portugueses: resultados do questionário da Task Force Mulheres na Cardiologia da Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia

© 2023 Sociedade Portuguesa de Cardiologia. Published by Elsevier España, S.L.U. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/)Introduction and objectives: Cardiology has not been seen as an attractive specialty, and women have avoided it for many years. Some surveys have been performed in other countries, but in Portugal, the situation is largely unknown. Methods: An online survey on perceptions of cardiology and professional preferences was sent to 1371 members of the Portuguese Society of Cardiology, of whom 18.2% completed the survey. Results: We included 219 cardiologists or cardiology trainees, of whom 50.2% were female, with decreasing proportions from younger to older age groups, in which males still predominate. Women are less often married and more frequently childless, particularly those working in an invasive subspecialty, where they represent only 16% of all respondents working in these areas. Men's perception is that women do not choose these areas due to family reasons, radiation concerns and difficult working conditions, but from the female perspective, male dominance, lack of female role models and restricted access are the main barriers. Women consider it is difficult for them to obtain a leadership role, but men do not think the same (75.5% vs. 27.5%). Conclusion: In Portugal, females predominate in younger age groups, suggesting a paradigm change. Women are less frequently married and more frequently childless, particularly women working in invasive subspecialties. Women consider that it is more difficult for them to obtain a leadership role. Moreover, the barriers reported by women are substantially different from men regarding the reasons for not choosing an invasive subspecialty.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Grip strength buffers the harmful association between multimorbidity and depression among middle-aged and older adults

© 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)Background: Grip strength (GS) is associated to both multimorbidity and depression, however its possible moderating effect is unknown. This study aimed to investigate GS moderating effect on the association between multimorbidity and depression. Methods: Data from SHARE wave 8 was used. Participant were 41457 middle-aged and older adults (17954 men) from 18 European countries. A regression analysis was conducted for the moderating effect of sex- and age-specific GS quartiles (W) on the association between number of chronic diseases (X1) or multimorbidity (X2) and depression symptoms (Y). Results: More chronic diseases were associated with greater depressive symptomatology (men: B = 0.39, 95 % CI: 0.35, 0.42; women: B = 0.42, 95 % CI: 0.39, 0.45). On the other hand, being in a higher GS quartile was associated with fewer depression symptoms, and this association was stronger the higher the quartile was. Having a higher GS represented a decrease in depression symptoms associated with multimorbidity for men (quartile 1: B = 0.85, 95 % CI = 0.74, 0.95 vs. quartile 4: B = 0.49, 95 % CI = 0.38, 0.61) and women (quartile 1: B = 1.08, 95 %CI = 0.97, 1.19 vs. quartile 4: B = 0.59, 95 %CI: 0.47, 0.70). Conclusions: Strategies aiming to reduce the impact of multimorbidity on mental health should promote muscle-strengthening physical activity among middle-aged and older adults.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

People & Fire webGIS tool for wildfire risk assessment

People&Fire webGIS tool is an application for wildfire risk assessment, focused on obtaining simulating hazard and risk scenarios centred on land use transformation. This tool is a decisionsupport platform created in the context of a research project, which was dedicated to testing a new analytical framework for supporting the development and evaluation of new, integrated, and people-centred policy approaches to wildfires. The simulator used in the tool is based on the wildfire risk model that results from the combination of three components: hazard (H), exposure (E), and social vulnerability (SV). Based on the wildfire risk model and using real data, from a study region particularly susceptible to forest wildfires the as-is and to-be scenarios demonstrate People&Fire webGIS capacity. People&Fire webGIS tool is available for download at https://github.com/nmileu/peopleandfire.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Can musical ability be tested online?

We sought to determine whether an objective test of musical ability could be successfully administered online. A sample of 754 participants was tested with an online version of the Musical Ear Test (MET), which had Melody and Rhythm subtests. Both subtests had 52 trials, each of which required participants to determine whether standard and comparison auditory sequences were identical. The testing session also included the Goldsmiths Musical Sophistication Index (Gold-MSI), a test of general cognitive ability, and self-report questionnaires that measured basic demographics (age, education, gender), mind-wandering, and personality. Approximately 20% of the participants were excluded for incomplete responding or failing to finish the testing session. For the final sample (N = 608), findings were similar to those from in-person testing in many respects: (1) the internal reliability of the MET was maintained, (2) construct validity was confirmed by strong associations with Gold-MSI scores, (3) correlations with other measures (e.g., openness to experience, cognitive ability, mind-wandering) were as predicted, (4) mean levels of performance were similar for individuals with no music training, and (5) musical sophistication was a better predictor of performance on the Melody than on the Rhythm subtest. In sum, online administration of the MET proved to be a reliable and valid way to measure musical abilityinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Attention to voices is increased in non-clinical auditory verbal hallucinations irrespective of salience

info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Do individuation instructions reduce the cross-race effect? A registered replication of

People usually have less accurate memory for cross-race (CR) than for same-race (SR) faces, a robust and consequential phenomenon known as the Cross-Race Effect (CRE). In an influential paper, Hugenberg et al. (2007) showed that the CRE can be eliminated when participants are instructed to individuate CR faces in order to avoid displaying this effect. This finding has received widespread attention, and many studies have attempted to replicate it, with mixed results. In the present research, we attempted to replicate the effect of the individuation instructions in eliminating the CRE (Hugenberg et al., 2007) in two pre-registered experiments in two different cultures – the United States and Portugal. The results of both experiments found no evidence that instructing participants to individuate CR faces eliminates or even attenuates the CRE. Additionally, we also examined and failed to find support for the idea that these individuation instructions are more effective for the participants who report greater contact with CR faces (Young & Hugenberg, 2012). Finally, we also did not find evidence that the cultural setting moderates the effect of the individuation instructions of the CRE. We critically discuss the potential reasons for the lack of impact on the individuation instructions in the CRE and its implications for a prominent motivational account of this effect.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Implicit open-mindedness: Evidence for and limits on stereotype malleability

Although stereotypes have traditionally been regarded as stable, research has documented their considerable malleability. One potential source of such malleability is intrusion into the stereotype of other concepts also activated when the stereotype is activated. In three experiments we assessed the extent to which stereotypes were influenced by stereotypic, stereotype-unrelated, or counter-stereotypic traits activated in a completely unrelated context immediately prior to stereotype measurement. Across experiments, priming of stereotypeunrelated traits increased their inclusion in the stereotype, whereas priming of counter-stereotypic traits had no effect in the subsequently assessed stereotype. In Experiment 3 we collected perceived dispersion measures and showed that although priming counter-stereotypic traits had no effect on overall characterization of the target group, it boosted perceptions of the group's variability. We accounted for these results by extending Higgins' (1989) Synapse Model of knowledge accessibility to the stereotype domain.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Personality traits and disorders in Alzheimer's disease

Background: The relationships between axis II personality disorders and the normative personality traits were explored in the context of current and pre-morbid personality assessment in Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Methods: The study was conducted with four groups who were administered the NEOFFI and the PDQ-4+, in the form of individual interview sessions. Current personality measure: consisting of 44 female participants (AD group) and, the control group, consisting of 80 female participants from the population at large. Pre-morbid personality measure: AD group informants (n = 40); control group informants (n = 42). Results: The results are in line with the literature review and provide new research data. By factorial discriminant analysis, the current and pre-morbid personality variables that differentiate AD from control groups are identified. The personality traits variables are the best discriminators such as low agreeableness, low openness to experience, and high neuroticism, suggesting that the maladaptive personality functioning can be described extending the range of psychopathology to a dimensional approach. Conclusions: The study of personality variables seems to suggest, in their inclusion, the possibility to increase sensitivity toward an assessment in AD.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio