Lead, land and coal as sources of landlord income in Northumberland between 1700 and 1850

PhD ThesisIn view of the political importance and the economic position of the landlord in England during the 18th and 19th centuries it is perhaps surprising that his economic activities have till lately received little attention from 20th century economic historians. As a vehicle for politico-historical propaganda the history of the agricultural labourer offered more scope for those whose dogma already had damned the capitalist activities of the landlord. A lack of sympathy may account for a lack of interest but scarcely excuses it. In the last few years the work of such historians as Professors Habbakuk and Spring and Mr. F. M. L. Thompson have changed the position radically, but there is still no published work of analysis of the central problem of their income-rents. Coal interests may have been important for the Lambtons or the Londonderrys, but agricultural rents for the majority remained the principal source and no detailed information of changes in this between 1700 and 1850 has to my knowledge been published

The ports and trade of the Red Sea Basin.

PhD ThesisThis work attempts a systematic study of the physical and economic factors which have influenced the siting, development and trading relations of the important ports of the Red Sea. Comparative analysis forms an important part of the method. The information contained in this work derives mainly from field notes, Italian, English, French and Arabic references, and published or unpublished governmental and official records. Field notes and photographs are the result of about three years' field work in 1958-60, and a return visit from England to the Red Sea ports from May to December, 1961. They include information gained from special studies relating to port studies, settlement, population and water supply. Observations and information cover Egypt, the Sudan, Ethiopia, Saudi Arabia and the northern part of the Yemen as far as time and accessibility would allow. In the course of travelling, more than three thousand miles were covered by all means of transport throughout the area. As an introductory step before embarking on the field work, I made a point of studying the available literature on the Red Sea ports in the United Kingdom and Egypt. This involved a reconnaissance survey, not only of the Red Sea basin, but in some cases of the whole of the Middle East. A major problem throughout the investigation was the lack of relevant statistical information and literature covering the area. To overcome this, field observation was used whenever possible. The important ports were studied in greater detail

The biology and ecology of the swede midge Contarinia nasturii (Kieffer) (Diptera; Cecidomyidae).

PhD ThesisThe swede midge Contarinia nasturtii (Kieffer), a member of the family Cecidomyidae (Order, Diptera), is a small insect, the larvae of which induce gall formation on numerous cruciferous plants. Kieffer (1888) first described the midge which he reared from larvae occupying the closed flowers of Nasturtium palustre D. C., now known to be Rorippa islandica (Oeder) Borbas. In subsequent years numerous authors have reported the midge, under various synonyms, as a frequent pest of several important cruciferous crops. Briefly this thesis re-examines the life-cycle of the swede midge in detail and investigates the effect of what seem to be the important environmental factors on successive stages of development. After consideration of the observed population fluctuations of C. nasturtii at Nafferton, Northumberland, during 1957-1960, the thesis concludes with a discussion of population change in relation to various components of the environment.Agricultural Research Council

The politics and administration of the borough of Morpeth in the later eighteenth century

PhD Thesi

An epidemiological study of malajustment in childhood

MD ThesisThe object of this thesis is to present an epidemiological study of maladjustment in children drawn from a sample population. The work has been carried out as part of a more extensive longitudinal study of morbidity in childhood which has come to be known as the Newcastle Thousand Families Survey. Before describing the work upon which this thesis is based I would like to desoibe briefly the historical development of the present concepts of maladjustment and the approach to its study and treatment. In order to appreciate the background of the present work it will also be necessary to give some account of the City of Newcastle, from which the sample was drawn, and of the development of the Thousand Families Survey

The fauna of wrack beds

PhD ThesisWrack beds are accumulations of seaweeds of various kinds that have become detached from the rocks on which they have grown and have been cast up on to the sea-shore. If such accumulations are formed beyond the high tide level, they may remain but little disturbed for several days or even for months. Here, as they gradually decompose, these wrack beds become the home and breeding place for many invertebrate animals* It is with these animals that this thesis is concerned. The most prominent of them are various species of flies, beetles and amphipods, and with them there occurs, less obviously, various mites, oligochaetes and nematodes. over and above these regularly occurring animals there are numerous incidental visitors to the wrack beds

Anglo-Afghan relations, 1798-1878, with particular reference to British policy in Central Asia and on the North-West frontier of India

PhD ThesisOne ofI-the difficulties in the'way of historical study is the practice of attaching "labels" to men" and policies. We read öf the "forward" policy on the North- West frontier of India and, by contrast, of the-policy which is variously"described as the "non-intervention" or the "backward"-policy or, in' Wyllie's phrase, the policy*of "masterly inactivity". 'We read of the Punjab School and the Sind School. Sometimes it is almost made to appear, for journalistic convenience, ` as though there could be only two possible policies for the British and Indian governments to pursue in respect of the North-West frontier and Central Asia; that these policies retained their identity in all circumstances; and that a man who had elected to follow one - who had, so to speaks picked his side - was certain to follow it for the rest of his life