Genomic profile of Parkinson's disease in Asians

Parkinson's Disease (PD) has witnessed an alarming rise in prevalence, highlighting the suboptimal nature of early diagnostic and therapeutic strategies. To address this issue, genetic testing has emerged as a potential avenue. In this comprehensive review, we have meticulously summarized the variants associated with PD in Asian populations. Our review reveals that these variants exert their influence on diverse biological pathways, encompassing the autophagy-lysosome pathway, cholesterol metabolism, circadian rhythm regulation, immune system response, and synaptic function. Conventionally, PD has been linked to other diseases; however, our findings shed light on a shared genetic susceptibility among these conditions, implying an underlying pathophysiological mechanism that unifies them. Moreover, it is noteworthy that these PD-associated variants can significantly impact drug responses during therapeutic interventions. This review not only provides a consolidated overview of the genetic variants associated with PD in Asian populations but also contributes novel insights into the intricate relationships between PD and other diseases by elucidating shared genetic components. These findings underscore the importance of personalized approaches in diagnosing and treating PD based on individual genetic profiles to optimize patient outcomes

Implikasi Hukum Terhadap Match Fixing Sepakbola Indonesia: Analisis Perbandingan Antara Hukum Perancis dan Jerman

This research is intended to conduct a legal comparison between Indonesian law with French and German law regarding match fixing in football with the aim of studying the options whether the law in the two countries can be applied to our national law for the improvement of national law. This research is conducted with the type of normative legal research using secondary data in the form of primary legal materials and secondary legal materials obtained through literature study. The approach to conducting this norm comparison is included in the micro approach whose focus is the regulation of law. The method used in this research is the functional method, which means that in this research what is compared is the law as it functions and applies in a particular society in a particular place. The result and conclusion of this research find that Indonesia does not have specific regulations regarding match fixing in sports, especially football and Indonesia should be able to make “legal reforms” by regulating the application of the concept of private sector corruption, elements of prohibited actions such as accepting, giving, and requesting gifts, rewards, certain benefits for themselves or other parties that can affect the outcome or process of the match, as well as regulating more severe sanctions related to fines considering the motivation for committing match fixing crimes is financial gain with reference to French and German criminal law

Job Satisfaction, and Working Environment: Mediating Role of Work-Life Balance

This study addresses the growing concern of achieving work-life balance and its impact on employee productivity and job satisfaction in various industries. Focusing on the psychological mechanisms, the research explores the mediating role of work-life balance in the association between job satisfaction and work environment. Employing a data mining strategy, the study extracts employee ratings from Jobstreet.com, to compile a sample of 124 companies across diverse industries, providing a quantitative contribution to the emerging field. The research demonstrates the advantages of using social media data to evaluate employer brands, highlighting the inclusive nature of platforms like Jobstreet for diverse user engagement. The research identifies a robust correlation between a healthy work-life balance and improved job performance, emphasizing the need for a deeper understanding of the processes involved. It explores the influence of workplace culture and environment on work-life balance and productivity, particularly how employee satisfaction with coworkers contributes to psychological well-being. The study aims to shed light on how work-life balance mediates the relationship between the work environment and job satisfaction

Enhancing Biochemistry Assessment Quality in Medical Education Through Item Response Theory (IRT)

Background In medical education, particularly in biochemistry, crafting high-quality assessment questions is a primary challenge. Each item necessitates thorough evaluation, and precise identification of student abilities is crucial for maximally reflecting learning achievement. Objective This study aims to enhance assessment quality in biochemistry medical education by implementing Item Response Theory (IRT). This approach addresses Classical Test Theory (CTT) limitations. Recognizing the critical role of question quality in the learning process, the study investigates how IRT can more holistically and equitably assess student abilities. It includes a comparative analysis of student scores before and after IRT implementation. Methods Employing a mixed-method research approach, this study combines comparative quantitative analysis with qualitative ICC curve analysis in a pre-post experimental design. It focuses on biochemistry exam data from medical students (n = 89). IRT is used to measure the probability of student responses to questions, using parameters such as discrimination, difficulty level, and guessing probability. Jamovi software supports this analysis by accelerating computational processes. Results Significant improvements were observed in both question quality and student scores. Prior to IRT implementation, the average initial exam score was 56.1, which increased to 74.1 in the subsequent exam. The IRT evaluation indicated that the exam questions achieved a more effective differentiation between students of varying abilities. This improvement was evident from the increased person reliability and through Wright Map visualizations, which helped identify highly difficult questions via the Item Characteristic Curve (ICC). Conclusion The study advocates for integrating IRT as a standard method in biochemistry medical assessments. It highlights the necessity of assessments that are sensitive to individual student capabilities, providing more precise feedback for enhancing the quality of learning. These findings are crucial for evolving evaluation methodologies and advancing medical education standards

Analisis Strategi Blue Ocean “PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk”

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis strategi blue ocean pada PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk. Besarnya persaingan serta kebijakan-kebijakan pemerintah memberi tantangan pada Perusahaan yang bergerak pada industri rokok. PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk sebagai salah satu market leader terus berinovasi untuk menjawab kebutuhan pasar.Strategi-strategi yang sudah ada akan lebih dikembangkan sehingga dapat berkompetisi pada pasar yang baru. Metode dalam penelitian ini menggunakan survei dan studi literatur untuk memahami, meneliti, dan mempelajari mengenai strategi-strategi yang digunakan oleh PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk. Untuk merekonstruksi elemen-elemen dari PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk untuk masuk ke dalam kurva nilai baru, peneliti mengembangkan strategi dengan beberapa alat analisis yaitu The Four Action Framework dan The ERRC Grid. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa strategi blue ocean dapat meningkatkan kepuasan pengguna layanan, membuat segmen pasar yang baru, dan memberikan kelengkapan bagi produk dan layanan dari PT Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna Tbk. Implementasi strategi yang dilakukan akan memberikan keuntungan positif bagi Perusahaan rokok untuk lebih berkompetitif pada pasar yang baru dan menjadi bisnis yang berkelanjutan. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam memberikan pemahaman dan penerapan dari strategi blue ocean pada Perusahaan rokok di Indonesia. Selain itu, dapat memberikan kontribusi dalam pengembangan strategi pemasaran dalam menghadapi persaingan yang ketat dalam industri rokok

Aku Dan Tubuhku: Modul Untuk Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Modul ini bertujuan untuk memberikan pengetahuan kepada siswa dan siswi sekolah dasar tentang berbagai hal yang berhubungan dengan bagian tubuh umum dan bagian tubuh pribadi yang harus dijaga. Modul ini juga dilengkapi dengan lembar kerja untuk mengevaluasi pemahaman para siswa mengenai materi yang telah disampaikan

CSR Performance And ESG Risk Terhadap Nilai Dan Kesehatan Keuangan Perusahaan Non-Financial Terdaftar Bursa Efek Indonesia Periode 2019-2022

Penelitian ini bertujuan guna menganalisis bagaimana CSR Performance dan ESG Risk terhadap nilai perusahaan dan kesehatan keuangan perusahaan. Dimana peneliti melakukan penelitian menggunakan perusahaan non-keuangan BEI pada periode 2019-2022. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitaif dengan Generally Least Square (GLS) dan Binary Regression Logistic dalam melakukan analisis. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini 176 observasi periode 2019-2022. Variabel independen yang digunakan adalah CSR Performance (CSR Index), ESG Risk (ESG Score), Debt to Asset Ratio ( DAR), Ukuran Perusahaan (SIZE), dan Usia Perusahaan Listisng (AGE), dan Pertumbuhan Aset (GROW). Variabel dependen adalah TOBINQ dengan menggunakan skala nominal dan S-SCORE dengan menggunakan skala rasio. 1 untuk perusahaan sehat dan 0 untuk perusahaan tidak sehat. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa CSR Performance tidak memiliki pengaruh apapun terhadap nilai dan kesehatan keuangan perusahaan. Serta ESG Risk tidak memiliki pengaruh terhadap nilai perusahaan. Akan tetapi, ESG Risk memiliki pengaruh positif terhadap keshetan keuangan perusahaan

Effects of Methotrexate, Moringa Leaf (Moringa oleifera) Extract, and Sambiloto Leaf (Andrographis paniculata) Extract on Blood Glucose Levels, Interleukin-6 Levels, and Trabecular Density in Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide-Induced Hyperglycemic Rodents

Introduction: Methotrexate (MTX), Moringa oleifera (MO), and Andrographis paniculata (AP) have been reported to have anti-hyperglycemic, antioxidative, and anti-inflammatory effects in diabetic rats. This study aims to investigate the single and combination effects of MTX, MO, and AP on random blood glucose levels, interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, and trabecular density in diabetic rats. Methods: A total of 49 male rats were divided into seven groups, namely one control group and six diabetes mellitus (DM) groups. All rats in the DM groups were injected with streptozotocin-nic-otinamide (STZ-NA) intraperitoneally. In addition, the DM groups were administered with a placebo daily (DG), a single dose of 500 mg/kg BW MO daily (DG+MO), a single dose of 500mg/kg BW AP daily (DG+AP), a single dose of 7 mg/kg BW MTX once a week (DG+MTX), a combination of MTX+MO, and a combination MTX+AP, respectively. The experiment lasted for 28 days. On day 29, the right and left femur of the rats were collected for IL-6 examination (ELISA) and histopathological analysis. Results: IL-6 expression levels were significantly lower in diabetic rats treated with single and combination of MTX, MO, and AP compared to untreated diabetic rats (p < 0.05). However, the random blood glucose levels and trabecular density between treated and untreated diabetic rats were not significantly different (p < 0.001, p = 0.152). In addition, IL-6 levels were not correlated with trabecular density in all groups (r =-0.057, p = 0.722). Conclusion: Single doses of MTX, MO leaf extract, and AP leaf extract could suppress IL-6 expression in the femur tissue in diabetic rats. However, the IL-6 expression was not correlated with trabecular density although it significantly affected blood glucose levels in this study