University of Baltimore School of Law

Duffy, James

English

“SAV” the Bay: Achieving the Chesapeake Bay Program’s Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) Restoration Goals Through Law

Foer, Albert A.

The Bridge from Chicago to Biden: The American Antitrust Institute in Perspective

Carstensen, Peter C.

Function Versus Consequence in Restraint of Trade Analysis

University of Baltimore Law Review Volume 53 Issue 2 Article 1 5-1-2024 University of Baltimore Law Review, Volume 53, Issue 2, Summer 2024 Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/ublr  Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation (2024) "University of Baltimore Law Review, Volume 53, Issue 2, Summer 2024," University of Baltimore Law Review: Vol. 53: Iss. 2, Article 1. Available at: https://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/ublr/vol53/iss2/1 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Baltimore Law Review by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. For more information, please contact slong@ubalt.edu. UNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE LAW REVIEW COMMENTS Fetal Personhood: The Door Left Open Kenneth Wyatt II Alleviating the Burden of Coerced Debt: Legal Solutions to Intimate Partner Credit Abuse Kristine Martinez Previously Chart(er)ed Waters: The Case for the Revival of  Corporate Purpose Clauses as a Basis for Corporate Rights Erin Turvey ScareBnb: An Analysis of Marylands Efforts to Curb the Long-Term Housing Effects of Short-Term Rentals Devyn King The Dam Lesson: How Learning from Hydropower Governance Can Protect Biological Diversity as We Adapt to the Demands of Climate Change Adam Fetian SAV the Bay: Achieving the Chesapeake Bay  Programs Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) Restoration Goals Through Law  James Duffy VOLUME FIFTY-THREE SUMMER 2024 NUMBER TWO VOL. FIFTY-THREE SUMMER 2024 NUMBER TWOUNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE LAW REVIEWThe University of Baltimore comprises: (1) the Yale Gordon College of Arts and Sciences, which awards the B.A., B.S., M.A., M.S., and M.F.A. degrees in addition to graduate certificates; (2) the School of Law, which awards the Juris Doctorate, the LL.M.in Taxation, and the LL.M. in the Law of the United States degrees; (3) the MerrickSchool of Business, which awards the B.S., M.B.A., and M.S. degrees, as well asundergraduate and graduate certificates; and (4) the College of Public Affairs, which awards the B.A., B.S., M.A., M.S., M.P.A., and D.P.A. degrees, as well as undergraduate and graduate certificates. The University’s classrooms, libraries, and social andadministrative buildings are located in midtown Baltimore.The University of Baltimore and its School of Law opened in 1925. On September 1, 1970, the University of Baltimore School of Law merged with and acquired what was previously known as the Mount Vernon School of Law of Eastern College, which was founded in 1935.The University of Baltimore School of Law has both a day and an evening division. The day division offers a full-time, three-year program leading to the Juris Doctorate degreeupon satisfactory completion of eighty-seven semester hours of work. The eveningdivision has a four-year Juris Doctorate degree program also requiring satisfactory completion of eighty-seven semester hours. In addition, the School of Law offers anLL.M. in Taxation program and an LL.M. in the Law of the United States program.The University of Baltimore is regionally accredited by the Middle States Association of Colleges and Schools. The School of Law is accredited by the American Bar Association and holds membership in the Association of American Law Schools.In the winter term of 1971, the School of Law created the University of Baltimore Law Review. Editor-in-Chief Richard H. Mosse and Managing Editor Larry M. Polsky led astaff of nine founding members: Joseph L. Bocchini Jr., Vaughn C. Brennan, John P. Coale, Bruce W. Haupt, Michael J. Kananack, Gerald B. Lascher, Keith E. Mathews,Claudette A. Pelletier, and Paul W. Rosenbaum.Today the University of Baltimore Law Review is an established scholarly legal journal, edited and published by students at the University of Baltimore School of Law under thedirection of a student Editorial Board. The University of Baltimore Law Review haspublished fifty-two volumes to date. Communications concerning subscriptions, business matters, and permission to reprint materials contained in the Law Review should be addressed to University of Baltimore Law Review, University of Baltimore School of Law, 1420 N. Charles St., Baltimore, MD 21201-5779; 410-837-4489; or UBLawReview@ubalt.edu.  Back issues in electronic format can be found at Law Review’s ScholarWorks page, https://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/ublr/ and are also available in electronic format through HeinOnline, http://heinonline.org.   The Law Review invites the submission of articles. To submit an article for review, please email your article, cover letter, and curriculum vitae or resume to UBLawReview@ubalt.edu. Manuscripts submitted for publication should conform to The Bluebook, A Uniform System of Citation (21st ed. 2020).  The views expressed in this Volume are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the policies or opinions of the Law Review, its editors and staff, or the University of Baltimore.  ATTENTION LAW REVIEW ALUMNI  In an ongoing effort to increase and facilitate communication between University of Baltimore Law Review alumni and current members of the journal, we ask that all alumni contact the University of Baltimore Law Review at UBLawReview@ubalt.edu and provide the following information: name, year(s) on Law Review, address, phone number, email address, and current employment. Copyright © 2024 by the University of Baltimore Law Review. All rights reserved. SCHOOL OF LAW Administrative Officers  Kurt L. Schmoke, President, University of Baltimore, B.A., J.D. Ronald Weich, Dean, School of Law, B.A., J.D. Joy Gaslevic, Associate Dean for Administration, B.A., J.D. Colin Starger, Associate Dean of Academic Affairs, B.A., J.D. Charles Pipins, Interim Library Director, B.A., J.D., M.L.S. Brian O'Connell, Senior Business Manager, B.S., M.B.A.   Faculty Professor José F. Anderson, B.A., J.D.Clinical Fellow Ashlyn Anderson-Keelin, B.A., J.D.Professor Emerita Barbara A. Babb, B.S., M.S., J.D. Professor Marta Baffy, B.A., M.A., J.D., Ph.D. Professor John Bessler, B.A., J.D., M.F.A. M.St. Professor Emeritus Richard Bourne Professor Fred B. Brown, B.S., J.D., LL.M. Assoc. Professor Anne-Marie Carstens, B.A., M.T., J.D., DPhil Professor Emeritus Philip J. Closius, B.A., J.D. Professor Gilda Daniels, B.A., J.D.  Professor Emeritus Eugene J. Davidson, J.D. Visiting Professor Jessica Den Houter, B.S., M.S.W., J.D., LL.M.Assoc. Professor J. Amy Dillard, B.A., J.D.  Professor Gregory Dolin, B.A., M.A., M.D., J.D. Professor Emeritus Eric Easton, B.S., J.D., Ph.D. Professor Emeritus Garrett Epps, B.A., M.A., J.D., LL.M. Professor Emeritus William Fryer, J.D. Professor Emerita Wendy Gerzog, B.A., M.A., J.D., LL.M Professor Emerita Michelle Gilligan, J.D. Venable Professor Michele E. Gilman, B.A., J.D.; Director, Saul Ewing Civil Advocacy Clinic, Co-Director, Center on Applied Feminism Ass’t. Professor Valeria Gomez, B.B.A, J.D.; Director, Immigrant Rights Clinic, Director, Immigrant Justice ClinicProfessor Emeritus Robin W. Goodenough, J.D.Clinical Fellow Sarah Gottlieb, B.A., J.D.Professor Emerita Emily R. GreenbergProfessor Nienke Grossman, B.A., J.D., LL.M.; Co-Director, Center for International and Comparative Law Professor Emeritus Steven P. Grossman, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Clinical Fellow Patrick Grubel, B.A., J.D.Professor Daniel L. Hatcher, B.B.A., J.D. Assoc. Professor Michael Hayes, B.S., J.D. Lawrence M. Katz Professor of Law F. Michael Higginbotham, A.B., J.D., LL.M. Professor William Hubbard, B.A., J.D.; Director, Center for the Law of Intellectual Property and Technology Professor David Jaros, B.A., J.D., M.P.P. Clinical Fellow Emily Johanson, B.A., M.A., J.D. Professor Margaret Johnson, B.A., J.D.; Director, Bronfein Family Law Clinic, Co-Director, Center on Applied Feminism Professor Emeritus Laurence M. Katz, J.D. Professor Neal Kempler, B.A., J.D. Professor Elizabeth Keyes, B.A., M.P.A., J.D. Clinical Fellow Jay Knight, B.A., J.D. Assoc. Professor Robert Knowles, B.A., J.D. Professor Dionne L. Koller, B.A., M.A., J.D.; Director, Center for Sport and the LawProfessor Emerita Rebecca Korzec, B.A., J.D.Ass’t. Professor Katie Kronick, B.A., J.D., LL.M.; Director, Criminal Defense and Advocacy Clinic Professor Neha Lall, B.A., J.D. Venable Professor Emeritus Robert H. Lande, B.A., J.D., M.P.P. Professor Emeritus Kenneth Lasson, A.B., J.D., M.A.Assoc. Professor Jaime Alison Lee, B.A., J.D.; Director, Community Development Clinic Assoc. Professor Matthew Lindsay, B.A., M.A., J.D. Professor John A. Lynch, Jr., B.A., J.D., LL.M. Ass’t. Professor Zina Makar, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Professor Emeritus James Maxeiner, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Dr. jur. Assoc. Professor Hugh McClean, B.A., J.D., LL.M.; Director, The Bob Parsons Veterans Advocacy Clinic Dean Julius Isaacson Professor Audrey McFarlane, A.B., J.D.  Dean Joseph Curtis Professor Emerita Lynn McLain, B.A., J.D. DLA Piper Professor Michael I. Meyerson, B.A., J.D.; Director, Fannie Angelos Program for Academic Excellence Visiting Assoc. Professor Jennifer Kindred Mitchell, B.S., J.D. Professor Nancy M. Modesitt, B.A., J.D.Professor Emerita Jane C. Murphy, B.A., J.D. Assoc. Professor Odeana R. Neal, A.B., J.D.Clinical Fellow Peter Norman, B.A., J.D. Professor Max Oppenheimer, B.S., J.D. Professor Emerita Anne K. Pecora Professor Emeritus Walter Rafalko, J.D. Professor Emeritus Arnold Rochvarg, B.A., J.D.Gilbert A. Holmes Professor Robert Rubinson, B.A., J.D.; Director, Mediation Clinic for Families Professor Emerita Elizabeth J. Samuels, A.B., J.D.  Professor Emeritus Eric Schneider, J.D. Professor Walter D. Schwidetzky, B.A.,  M.B.A., J.D., LL.M. Professor Emeritus John A. Sebert, J.D. University System of Maryland Regents Professor Mortimer Sellers, A.B., J.D., B.C.L., D.Phil. Professor Emeritus Stephen J. Shapiro, B.A., J.D. Professor Janice Shih, B.A., M.D., J.D.; Director, Low-Income Taxpayer Clinic Professor Emeritus Ezra Siff, J.D. Ass’t Professor Matthew Sipe, B.A., J.D. Dean Julius Isaacson Professor Amy E. Sloan, B.J., J.D.  Judge-in-Residence Professor Frederic N. Smalkin, B.A., J.D.      Professor Emeritus Donald H. Stone, B.A., J.D.Professor Erica J. Suter, B.A., M.A., J.D.; Director, Innocence Project ClinicProfessor Charles Tiefer, B.A., J.D.Assoc. Professor Ioanna Tourkochoriti, L.L.B., M.A., L.L.M., Ph.D. Ass’t. Professor Shanta Trivedi, B.A., J.D. Professor Angela M. Vallario, B.S., J.D., LL.M. Professor Emeritus Howard E. Wallin, J.D. Professor Emeritus Byron Warnken Professor Kimberly Wehle, B.A., J.D. Professor Barbara Ann White, B.A., M.A., Ph.D., J.D. Ass’t Professor Andrew J. Ziaja, B.A., M.P.A., J.D. Ass’t Professor Sonya Ziaja, B.A., J.D., Ph.D.. Adjunct FacultyLaura Abelson, A.B., J.D.Hon. Steven Adler, B.A., J.D.Adina N. Amith, B.A., J.D. James B. Astrachan, B.S., J.D., LL.M. Praveen Ayyagari, B.A., J.D. Kevin I. Babitz, B.A., J.D. Michael Baillif, J.D., L.L.M. Andre J. Barnett, B.S., J.D., LL.M. Benjamin Beasley, B.M., J.D. Michael Belsky, B.A., J.D. Michael W. Bender, J.D., LL.M. E. Todd Bennett, B.A., J.D. Laurie Bennett, J.D. Michael Berman, B.A., M.A., J.D. Jeffrey Bernstein, B.A., J.D. LMDD Biggs, B.S., J.D.Leslie Billman, B.A., J.D. Carol A. Bittner, B.A., J.D.H. Allen Black, III, B.S., J.D.  Jerry Bodman, B.A., J.D.Ashley Bond, B.A., J.D. Raymond E. Brown, B.S., J.D. Jennifer L. Burroughs, B.A., J.D. Russell P. Butler, B.A., J.D. Ronald M. Cherry, B.A., J.D. Drew Chlan, B.A., J.D. Caroline D. Ciraolo, J.D. Martin J. Clarke, B.A., J.D. Edward S. Clay, B.A., J.D. Kaitlin Corey, B.A., J.D. Stephen Cornelius, B.S., J.D. Paul Cucuzzella, B.S.B.A., J.D. Robin Denick, J.D., LL.M. Annemarie Duerr, B.A., J.D.Jason Eisenberg, B.S., J.D. Sean Elavia, B.B.A., J.D. Itta Englander, B.A., J.D. Samuel Feder, B.A., J.D. Hon. Karen A. Ferretti, B.A., J.D Hon. Lawrence Fletcher-Hill, A.B., J.D. Andrew Fontanella, J.D. David Forrer, A.B., J.D., LL.M. Nancy Forster, B.A., J.D. Andrew Geraghty, A.B., J.D. Steve Gevarter, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Diane Glauber, B.A., M.P.A., J.D. Lydie Glynn, B.A., J.D. Elizabeth Green, J.D. Bonnie Greenberg, J.D. Lawrence S. Greenberg, B.A., J.D. Hon. Paul Grimm, J.D., LL.M. Randy Hardock, B.A., J.D. Hadrian N. Hatfield, J.D. Jermaine D. Haughton, B.A., J.D.Richard Heinecke, J.D. Hon. John Alvin Henderson, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Oneshia Herring, B.S., M.A., J.D. Jeffrey C. Herwig, B.A., J.D. Shelly Hettleman, B.A. David Indek, B.S., B.A., J.D. Jeffrey Jacobson, J.D. Donald Jodrey, B.A., M.P.A., J.D.William W. Kanwisher, B.A., J.D. Andrew Katzenberg, B.A., J.D. Jay Knight, B.A., J.D.David Koelsch, B.A., J.D. Ari Kodeck, B.S., J.D.Julia Kovacs, B.A., J.D.Irwin R. Kramer, J.D., M.L. James Paul Krawczyk, Jr., B.S., J.D. Jeremy Krum, J.D. Hon. Adam Landy, B.S., M.S., J.D., LL.M. Sheldon H. Laskin, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Kenneth Lasson, J.D. Gregory Lawrence, B.S., J.D. Alan Lazerow, B.A., J.D. Cheri Levin, A.B., J.D. Haley Licha, B.A., J.D. Robert Lidston, A.B., M.A., Ph.D., J.D. Adam Lippe, J.D. Joan Little, B.A., J.D. Richard C. Loeb, B.A., J.D. Hon. Lynn Stewart Mays, B.A., J.D. Robert S. McCord, B.A., J.D. Jeremy M. McCoy, B.A., J.D. Hon. Rachel T. McGuckian, B.A., J.D. Patricia McLane, B.A., M.A., J.D. Adam Meehan, J.D. Michelle Mendez, B.A., J.D. Sameerah Mickey, B.A., J.D. Judith Moran, B.S., J.D.  Gregg. H. Mosson, B.A., J.D. Pierce Murphy, B.A., J.D.  Renee Nacrelli, J.D. Alan Nemeth, B.S., J.D. Errol R. Patterson, B.S., J.D. Bradford Peabody, B.A., J.D. Linda T. Penn, B.S., J.D. Jason Z. Qu, J.D. Christopher Rahl, B.A., J.D. Ira Rainess, B.A., J.D. Stacey Rice, B.A., J.D. Stuart Rombro, B.A., J.D. Delegate Samuel I. Rosenberg, B.A., J.D. Brian Saccenti, J.D. Mercedes Salvania, A.A., LL.B., LL.M. Tamara D. Sanders, B.A., J.D. Christopher Schoen, J.D. Hon. Mark F. Scurti, B.A., M.B.A., J.D. Ren Serey, J.D. Hon. Stephen Sfekas, B.S.F.S., M.A., J.D. Marc E. Shach, B.S., M.B.A., J.D. Denise Oakes Shaffer, B.A., J.D. Alicia Shelton, B.A., J.D. Daniel Shemer, J.D.  Daryl J. Sidle, J.D. Ephraim R. Siff, J.D. Charles L. Simmons, Jr., B.S., J.D. Andrew Sindler, B.A., J.D. John Singer, B.A., M.A., J.D. Andrew G. Slutkin, B.S., J.D.  Norman L. Smith, J.D. Patricia Smith, B.A., M.A., J.D.Frank Spector, B.A., J.D.Donna Star-Deelen, B.A., J.D., L.L.M.Andrew T. Stephenson, J.D. H. Mark Stichel, B.A., J.D. Larry Strauss, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Hon. Stephen Swift, B.A., J.D. Karen T. Syrylo, B.A., CPA Mark Talty, J.D. Nicole Taylor, A.A., B.S., J.D. Hon. Robert Taylor, Jr., J.D. Jamaal W. Thomas, B.A., J.D. Hon. Hope Tipton, B.A., J.D. Jeffrey C. Toppe, J.D. Michael Torres, B.A., J.D. Judith Tortora, B.A., J.D. Marie Vasbinder, J.D.Erin K. Voss Ryan Walburn, B.A., J.D. Jer Welter, B.A., J.D.Cheri P. Wendt-Taczak, B.A., J.D. Nicole M. Whitaker, B.A., J.D.M. Hamilton Whitman, Jr., B.A., J.D. Carrie J. Williams, J.D. Michelle Wilson, B.A., J.D. Mildeen G. Worrell, B.A., J.D., LL.M.Daria Zane, B.S., J.D. Alex Zarzecki, B.S., J.D. Carlo Zayas, J.D., LL.M Aaron S.J. Zelinsky, J.D. Renia Zervos, B.S., J.D.  GRADUATE TAX PROGRAM Governance Council for the Graduate Tax Program Ronald Weich, Dean, School of Law, B.A., J.D.Fred B. Brown, Director, Graduate TaxProgram, Professor of Law, B.S., J.D., LL.M. Raju Balakrishnan, B.E., M.S., Ph.D., Dean, Robert G. Merrick School of BusinessPhillip J. Korb, B.S., M.B.A., M.S., Chair, Department of Accounting, Finance and Economics, Merrick School of Business, Associate Professor of Accounting Walter Schwidetzky, Professor of Law, B.A.,J.D., LL.M. Faculty Professor Fred B. Brown, B.S., J.D., LL.M.Professor Walter D. Schwidetzky, B.A., M.B.A.,J.D., LL.M. Professor Janice Shih, Director, Low Income Tax Clinic, B.A., M.D., J.D. Adjunct Faculty Michale Bailiff, J.D. Caroline D. Ciraolo, J.D.Robin Denick, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Sean Kushro Elavia, J.D. Arturo Estrada, J.D. Hon. Maurice B. Foley, B.A., J.D., LL.M. David R. Forrer, A.B., J.D., LL.M.Steve Gevarter, J.D.Randolf Hardock, J.D.Richard Heinecke, J.D. David Indek, J.D.  Jeffrey Jacobson, J.D.Andrew Katzenberg,  Maurice LaBrie, J.D. Hon. Adam Landy, J.D. Jessica Frase Marine, J.D. Adam Meehan, J.D. Bradley C. Plovan, J.D.Larry Strauss, J.D., M.S.T. Karen Syrylo, B.A., CPA Mildeen G. Worrell, B.A., J.D., LL.M. LL.M. IN THE LAW OF THE UNITED STATES International Legal Education Committee Chair, Professor Mortimer Sellers, A.B., J.D., B.C.L., D.Phil. Professor Nienke Grossman, B.A., J.D., LL.M. Professor Emeritus James Maxeiner, B.A., J.D., LL.M., Dr. jur. Professor Max Oppenheimer, B.S., J.D. Professor Barbara Ann White, B.A., Ph.D., J.D.   UNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE LAW REVIEW VOL. 53 2023–2024EXECUTIVE BOARD Editor-in-Chief Devyn King  Managing Editor Kristine Martinez  Production Editors Nicholas Balzano            Anna Bennett             Louis Di Filippo             Erin Turvey Assistant Managing EditorIyana Arrington Articles EditorKenneth Wyatt II Executive EditorQiara ButlerComments Editor James Duffy  Symposium EditorRenee Gast  Publications Editor Paige Boyer ASSOCIATE EDITORSNathan Jahnigen Hannah Krehely Anastasia Couch Adam Fetian Natalie Murphy Ryan Ricketts    STAFF Brendan Bloom Sean Delaney Kata KylliainenChristina Charikofsky Tara Fagan David Marshall Grace Clarke Amanda Fruman Rory RightmyerAnne Clevenger Philip Glaser Collin Riley Cherie Correlli Tyler Hueffmeier Joshua Rodriguez Sean Costigan Andrea Hutton Josie ShafferErin Daneker Shanae Jones  Kamryn Washington Dallon Danforth Morgan Kasmer  Brianna Watts      ___________ Advisors Professor Matthew Lindsay Kristopher Vicencio  Faculty Advisor Emeritus Professor Emeritus Eugene J. Davidson  Administrative Assistant Shavaun O’Brien UNIVERSITY OF BALTIMORE LAW REVIEW VOL. FIFTY-THREE SUMMER 2024 NUMBER TWO COMMENTSFetal Personhood: The Door Left Open Kenneth Wyatt II       515   Alleviating the Burden of Coerced Debt: Legal Solutions to Intimate Partner Credit Abuse Kristine Martinez       537   Previously Chart(er)ed Waters: The Case for the Revival of Corporate Purpose Clauses as a Basis for Corporate Rights Erin Turvey       569   ScareBnb: An Analysis of Maryland’s Efforts to Curb the Long-Term Housing Effects of Short-Term Rentals Devyn King       601   The Dam Lesson: How Learning from Hydropower Governance Can Protect Biological Diversity as We Adapt to the Demands of Climate Change Adam Fetian       631   “SAV” the Bay: Achieving the Chesapeake Bay  Program’s Submerged Aquatic Vegetation (SAV) Restoration Goals Through Law James Duffy       667  

University of Baltimore Law Review, Volume 53, Issue 2, Summer 2024

Averitt, Neil W.

The Many Benefits of Thinking in Terms of “Consumer Choice”

Bessler, John D.

Mr. Antitrust: A Celebration of Professor Robert Lande’s Career

Weich, Ronald

University of Baltimore Law Forum Volume 54 Number 2 Article 2 4-1-2024 Foreword: The Bench, the Bar, and Baltimore Law Ronald Weich Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/lf  Part of the State and Local Government Law Commons Recommended Citation Weich, Ronald (2024) "Foreword: The Bench, the Bar, and Baltimore Law," University of Baltimore Law Forum: Vol. 54: No. 2, Article 2. Available at: https://scholarworks.law.ubalt.edu/lf/vol54/iss2/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. It has been accepted for inclusion in University of Baltimore Law Forum by an authorized editor of ScholarWorks@University of Baltimore School of Law. For more information, please contact slong@ubalt.edu. FOREWORD THE BENCH, THE BAR, AND BALTIMORE LAW By: Dean Ronald Weich*I would like to thank the editors of the University of Baltimore Law Forum for inviting me to provide a foreword to the Spring 2024 issue. This is a welcome opportunity for me to reflect on the special relationship between our law school and the surrounding legal community, including the unique role of the Law Forum.  In the summer of 2024, I will conclude my 12th and final year as Dean of the University of Baltimore School of Law. I arrived at the law school as a stranger to both legal academia and the Maryland legal community. I had practiced law for many years down the road in our Nation’s capital, but the D.C. and Maryland legal universes are separated by much more than the 40miles between the Washington Monument on the National Mall and theoriginal Washington Monument in Mount Vernon Place. I soon came to seethat Maryland has a distinct legal culture, a fascinating legal history, and aproud bench and bar of its own.I also came to understand the central role of the University of Baltimore School of Law in the Maryland legal community. UB1 is one of only two law schools in Maryland. In contrast, six law schools jockey for position in Washington, D.C., and cities such as Boston, Chicago, and New York are similarly crowded with numerous law schools. It is an accident of history that both Maryland law schools are located in Baltimore City, but there is enough “turf” in Maryland for both schools to thrive.  I see UB as Maryland’s “hometown” law school. The University of Maryland Frances King Carey School of Law is a fine institution with which UB often collaborates, but Maryland Law seeks to position itself as more of a national law school, one whose graduates gravitate toward D.C. and federal * Ronald Weich has been dean of the University of Baltimore School of Lawsince 2012.  Previously he served as an assistant attorney general in the U.S.Department of Justice, as chief counsel to Senators Harry Reid and EdwardM. Kennedy, and as a partner in the law firm Zuckerman Spaeder LLP.1 The University of Baltimore recently rebranded itself as “UBalt,” but mostMaryland lawyers, especially those who graduated from the school, refer toit by its longtime moniker “UB.” Thus, Professor Byron Warnken was “Mr.UB” not “Mr. UBalt.” After spending 12 years among proud UB alumni, I’llstick with “UB” or “UB Law” in this essay.2024] FOREWORD 113 practice. In contrast, more than two-thirds of UB Law students are from Maryland, approximately 95% of them take the Maryland bar, and three out of four UB Law graduates practice law in Maryland after admission to the bar. As a result, UB-educated lawyers are omnipresent in the local legal landscape. More than a third of the state court judges and half of the elected state’s attorneys in Maryland are UB Law graduates. Many Maryland law firms are led by and populated with UB Law graduates, as are the general-counsel offices of many companies headquartered in Maryland. Prominent UB Law alumni can also be found in the Maryland General Assembly and in various state and local government agencies, in both elected office and senior staff roles.  UB Law alumni are especially influential within the local bar associations as well. This year, the Presidents and Presidents-Elect of the Maryland State Bar Association, the Baltimore City Bar Association, the Baltimore County Bar Association, and the Maryland Association for Justice are all University of Baltimore School of Law graduates.2 UB Law’s alumni network in Maryland extends beyond the Baltimore region. UB’s presence is felt throughout the State, including in the less populated counties on the Eastern Shore and the western panhandle. When I speak at local bar association meetings, I always ask the UB Law graduates to identify themselves. In the outer counties, almost all attendees raise their hands.  UB Law’s substantial presence in the Maryland legal market offers great advantages to current students, as our alumni assist in the education of UB Law students in many ways. These alumni serve as adjunct professors, moot court coaches, externship supervisors, and career mentors, among other roles. Our school boasts impressive employment outcomes, in part because UB alumni are delighted to help the next generation of UB lawyers enter the profession. Alumni loyalty is one ingredient of the “secret sauce” that makes our law school successful. Over 90 percent of UB Law 2022 graduates were employed ten months after graduation, and UB Law’s alumni network played no small part in this accomplishment. The pipeline from UB Law to the Maryland legal community is most evident in the frequency with which UB Law graduates obtain coveted judicial clerkships. More than a quarter of all UB graduates start their legal  2 The University of Baltimore School of Law alumni in these roles are: MSBA President Jason DeLoach and President-Elect Rafael J. Santini; Baltimore City Bar Association President James W. Motsay and President-Elect Teresa Epps Cummings; Baltimore County Bar Association President Lisa Y. Settles and President-Elect Sondra M. Douglas; Maryland Association for Justice President David A. Muncy and President-Elect Gwen-Marie Davis.    University of Baltimore Law Forum [Vol. 54.2 114careers as judicial law clerks, many for judges who themselves graduated from UB Law. I receive heartwarming feedback from judges about the performance of their UB Law clerks, who often outshine clerks from “fancier” law schools. These clerkships are an excellent springboard into the profession because the work is challenging, the perspective is valuable, and the judges typically become lifelong mentors to their clerks. The fact that UB Law is one of only two law schools in Maryland also gives our school an important voice on key legal policy issues in our state. The two Maryland law deans serve as ex officio members of various committees, including the judicial task force that recommended Maryland’s adoption of the Uniform Bar Exam and the Advisory Board for the Baltimore City Inspector General. I also chaired the search committees that recommended the three most recent appointees to the U.S. Bankruptcy Court in the District of Maryland, two of whom were UB Law graduates.3 Furthermore, UB Law housed the Maryland Access to Justice Commission as the commission transitioned from a judicial branch agency to an independent advocacy organization. Another robust connection between our law school and the Maryland legal community exists because of the work of our nationally renowned law clinics. UB Law’s clinics represent a wide range of vulnerable populations across the state, while clinic professors and students work to improve the administration of justice in their respective fields. For example, The Bob Parsons Veterans Advocacy Clinic played a key role in the establishment of veterans’ treatment dockets in the district court in Baltimore City District Court and several Maryland counties. Other clinics receive referrals from Maryland-based legal service providers and partner with these providers on public-interest initiatives. UB Law’s academic centers are similarly positioned to influence statewide policies. The Sayra and Neil Meyerhoff Center for Families, Children and the Courts is working to address injustices associated with the foster-care system in Maryland, while the UB Law Center on Criminal Justice Reform is a key voice on state and local justice initiatives.  Finally, I point with pride to this publication, the University of Baltimore Law Forum, as a shining example of the deep relationship between our law school and the Maryland legal community. Law Forum was founded in 1970 when the law school only offered a part-time evening program. Even before the school was accredited by the American Bar Association, however,  3 The two most recent UB graduates appointed to the U.S. Bankruptcy Court are Lori Simpson and Maria Chavez-Ruark. Notably, former Law Forum editor A. David Copperthite serves as a federal magistrate. 2024] FOREWORD 115 UB students and faculty recognized the need for a publication – literally a forum – devoted to developments in Maryland law.   Over the years, Law Forum articles have highlighted and sometimes led to statutory developments in Annapolis.  The publication has tracked the evolution of case law in trial and appellate courts across Maryland and explained doctrinal idiosyncrasies in Maryland law. 4 Contributors have included UB professors, UB students, and leading Maryland practitioners, many of whom are UB alumni.  Law Forum has boldly addressed cutting-edge issues in our state arising from new technologies, as well as controversies concerning criminal justice and election law.5 Commendably, the Law Forum editors have sought to preserve Maryland’s legal history, even when that history is shameful. In 2023, Law Forum hosted a symposium on the struggles of Maryland’s early Black lawyers, including Edward Garrison Draper, who was denied admission to the Maryland bar in 1857 solely because of the color of his skin.6 Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Maryland, Matthew Fader, attended that symposium and led his Court to grant Mr. Draper posthumous admission to the Maryland bar in a ceremony attended by Law Forum editors.   Law reviews from other schools are notorious for publishing highly theoretical scholarship that is rarely read. In contrast, judges and lawyers across this state have told me that Law Forum is indispensable reading for Maryland practitioners. For that reason, the Law Forum is frequently cited as authority in legal briefs and judicial opinions.  4 See, e.g., Timothy Capurso, How Judges Judge: Theories on Judicial Decision Making, 29 U.BALT L.F. 5 (1998); see T.W. Lapin, “In the Matter of a Murdered Person…” The Qur’an 2:178, 6 U.BALT. L.F. 14 (1976); see Richard Perry, Relative Preference, Emotional Attachments, and the Best Interest of the Child in Need of Assistance, 50 U.BALT. L.F. 83 (2020). 5 See Dana M. Levitz & Ephraim R. Siff, The Selection and Election of Circuit Judges in Maryland: A Time for Change, 40 U.BALT. L.F. 39 (2009); see Kelli L. Cover, Comment, Baltimore City Schools Need Many Things — A Personal Police Force Is Not One of Them, 48 U. BALT. L.F. 69 (2018); see Michael Berman, The Duty to Preserve ESI (Its Trigger, Scope, and Limit) & The Spoliation Doctrine in Maryland State Courts, 45 U.BALT. L.F. 129 (2015).   6 Inspiration for this symposium came from an article which Law Forum published in 2022. See John G. Browning, To Fight the Battle, First You Need Warriors: Edward Garrison Draper, Everett Waring, and the Quest for Maryland’s First Black Lawyer, 53 U.BALT. L.F. 1 (2022).  University of Baltimore Law Forum [Vol. 54.2 116Accordingly, I am grateful for the dedication and hard work of Law Forum editors to maintain Law Forum’s stellar reputation across the state.       * * *  It has been my honor to serve as dean of the University of Baltimore School of Law. Shortly after I arrived, we opened the John and Frances Angelos Law Center, with keynote addresses by then-Vice President Biden, U.S. Supreme Court Justice Elena Kagan, and legendary Maryland Chief Judge Robert M. Bell. In the years that followed, leading national legal figures such as U.S. House of Representatives Speaker Nancy Pelosi and U.S. Attorney General Eric Holder visited the school. But as the state’s “hometown” law school, our commencement speakers have most often been leaders of the Maryland legal community, including Chief Judge Mary Ellen Barbera, Maryland Attorney General Brian Frosh, Judge Andre Davis of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit, Baltimore City Solicitor Ebony Thompson, and Baltimore City First Lady Catherine O’Malley. This year, Maryland Comptroller Brooke Lierman will address the graduates.  Throughout my years as dean, we have surmounted serious challenges related to enrollment, finances, and, of course, the global pandemic. Local and national tragedies such as the deaths in police custody of Freddie Gray and George Floyd, and the attempt to disrupt the peaceful transfer of presidential power in 2021, have shaken our faith in American institutions. At the same time, such events inspired UB students to learn how to use the law to defend and improve those institutions.   I am proud to leave my successor with a legal institution that is healthy, stable, and highly regarded across the state and beyond. As the University of Baltimore School of Law enters its second century, this institution remains a pillar of the Maryland legal community. The University of Baltimore Law Forum greatly contributes to that success.

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University of Baltimore

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