Aspects sociaux et médicaux de l'avortement. Deux enquêtes en Bretagne et à Créteil (1975-1977)

National audienceDeux enquêtes en Bretagne et à Créteil (1975-1977). Cette étude présente quelques résultats d'une étude comparative effectuée à partir des données collectées dans 9 établissements hospitaliers de l'Ouest de la France et au CHU de Créteil, auprès de femmes faisant une demande d'IVG. Près de 40 % des femmes utilisaient une méthode moderne de contraception (pilule ou stérilet) au moment de la conception, ou venaient de l'interrompre (souvent sur l'avis, ou avec l'accord de leur médecin). A Créteil, 40 % des femmes ont déclaré n'avoir jamais utilisé de méthode, contre 8 % dans l'Ouest; mais dans cette région les méthodes peu efficaces (retrait, Ogino) étaient très fréquentes. Après l'intervention, la prescription contraceptive est systématique. Dans l'Ouest, la pilule est prescrite ? 93 % des femmes, tandis qu'à Créteil c'est le stérilet qui domine avec 52 % (et 34 % pour la pilule). Plus de 50 % des femmes ont été revues au moins une fois à l'hôpital 2 à 3 semaines après l'intervention

Interregional project concerning abortion.

International audienceThe law legalizing abortion in France was passed in 1975. To group information of a social and medical nature and to publish reports on their activities, a questionnaire was designed to be filled by physicians and nurses working in centers and hospitals performing abortion. There were 19,000 abortions performed in 1976, and 30,000 are expected to be performed in 1979. The questionnaire contains 80 questions gathering information on socieconomic data, on medical history, on the procedure of the intervention, and on the follow-up visit. A study done on 5700 questionnaires filled between 1976 and 1977 show that most abortion seekers belong to the middle class, and that pregnancy was due in 20% of cases to pill failure, and in 34% of cases to failure of behavioral methods, or to lack of contraception. 88% of patients declared themselves satisfied with the procedure

Attitudes and reactions of general practitioners and gynecologists to their patients demand for sterilization in the Rennes sanitary district.

International audienceA survey was done in 1975-1976 in Rennes, France, among gynecologists and urban and rural practitioners, to study their attitudes and reactions toward their patients' requests for female or male sterilization. 88% of them, among whom 94% were gynecologists, had already suggested tubal ligation to a number of patients. Reasons given, especially by 93% of gynecologists, were multiparity and age of mother; strictly medical reasons were also considered. In 1975 physicians had received a total of 101 requests for vasectomy, 50% of which were addressed to only 5 doctors. Most of these patients were referred for the procedure to other doctors outside the Rennes sanitary region. Asked about their use of contraception 68% of doctors stated to use the pill or IUD; 25.3% used a traditional method, and 6.7% of couples had one partner sterilized, against only 2.5% of sterilized patients. Data show that contraception was used more by doctors than by the general population of Rennes, and that female sterilization was done more frequently than male sterilization. Female sterilization was usually performed postabortum, mostly in women with parity over 4 and/or between the ages of 40-45. Most sterilization acceptors belonged to the category of farmers

Une enquête sur la contraception à Rennes

National audienceL'ENSP a mené fin 1975 une enquête auprès de la population de Rennes pour définir les connaissances, les attitudes, les pratiques en matière de contraceptio

[Les besoins de contraception: un essai d'analyse chez les étudiants de l'université de Rennes.]

International audienceAn assessment was made of the attitudes and opinions of the student body of the University of Rennes (through a sample of 350 students) on the nature and quality of contraceptive services. By means of a questionnaire an attempt was made to answer 2 main questions: Is there a need for contraception information in the population under consideration? and "What kind of reception did such a program receive? This study showed a general lack of knowledge on the part of the sample in regard to contraceptive measures. This is considered to be an accurate measure of the amplitude of the problem. Artificial abortion is not considered a desirable solution to this problem. 17% of the test sample were found to need some means of contraception. If pregnancy occurred in these cases, 50% would be terminated by abortion. Solution of the problem is considered to lie in the hands of social workers and organizers

Análisis de la nupcialidad legal por generaciones en México : 1922-1969

International audienceEl presente estudio constituye un ensayo de análisis demográfico sobre la evolución de la nupcialidad por generaciones en México durante el período comprendido entre el final de la revolución y el año de 1969. Por "análisis demográfico" se entenderá el conjunto de métodos que permiten poner en evidencia la influencia de cada una de las variables demográficas sobre las variaciones de un fenómeno dado, en este caso la nupcialidad. A partir de las variaciones del número absoluto de matrimonios se analizará el comportamiento de algunas variables tales como la edad promedio al matrimonio o la intensidad del mismo. Cualquier fenómeno demográfico se puede analizar "transversalmente" si se utiliza información a un año dado o, en forma "longitudinal" si el interés se centra en la información relativa a una generación o grupo de generaciones. En el caso de un fenómeno como la nupcialidad, en que el número de matrimonios celebrados en años consecutivos puede variar en forma importante, el análisis transversal no es adecuado porque puede revelar una imagen falsa de las tendencias que está siguiendo la nupcialidad. Si el análisis se efectúa en un momento en que se está produciendo una postergación masiva de los matrimonios por causas coyunturales, la conclusión puede ser que la nupcialidad está en descenso. La conclusión contraria podría obtenerse si el análisis se efectúa en un momento de recuperación de la nupcialidad