Choose me! Optionality in wh-fronting and copy deletion: evidence for overt-covert movement in Valdôtain Patois

International audienceIn this paper, I discuss new data on wh-movement in the Francoprovençal language Valdôtain Patois (ValPa) in support of overt-covert movement: overt movement with pronunciation of a lower copy. Wh-phrases in ValPa can either be fronted or occur clause-internally. Based on empirical evidence from word order patterns and adverb placement, I argue that ValPa clauseinternal wh-phrases do not appear in-situ, but rather are displaced to the Low Left Periphery at the edge of vP. Furthermore, using evidence from intervention effects, binding, inverse scope, and parasitic gaps, I argue that clause internal wh-phrases do not remain in the Low Left Periphery but overtly move to the position they take scope in. The different word-orders are then derived via a copy deletion mechanism, meaning that the optionality is not accounted for in narrow syntax

Adapting Vision Transformers to Ultra-High Resolution Semantic Segmentation with Relay Tokens

International audienceCurrent approaches for segmenting ultra high resolution images either slide a window, thereby discarding global context, or downsample and lose fine detail. We propose a simple yet effective method that brings explicit multi scale reasoning to vision transformers, simultaneously preserving local details and global awareness. Concretely, we process each image in parallel at a local scale (high resolution, small crops) and a global scale (low resolution, large crops), and aggregate and propagate features between the two branches with a small set of learnable relay tokens. The design plugs directly into standard transformer backbones (eg ViT and Swin) and adds fewer than 2 % parameters. Extensive experiments on three ultra high resolution segmentation benchmarks, Archaeoscape, URUR, and Gleason, and on the conventional Cityscapes dataset show consistent gains, with up to 15 % relative mIoU improvement. Code and pretrained models are available at https://archaeoscape.ai/work/relay-tokens/

MObyGaze: a film dataset of multimodal objectification densely annotated by experts

Characterizing and quantifying gender representation disparities in audiovisual storytelling contents is necessary to grasp how stereotypes may perpetuate on screen. In this article, we consider the high-level construct of objectification and introduce a new AI task to the ML community: characterize and quantify complex multimodal (visual, speech, audio) temporal patterns producing objectification in films. Building on film studies and psychology, we define the construct of objectification in a structured thesaurus involving 5 sub-constructs manifesting through 11 concepts spanning 3 modalities. We introduce the Multimodal Objectifying Gaze (MObyGaze) dataset, made of 20 movies annotated densely by experts for objectification levels and concepts over freely delimited segments: it amounts to 6072 segments over 43 hours of video with fine-grained localization and categorization. We formulate different learning tasks, propose and investigate best ways to learn from the diversity of labels among a low number of annotators, and benchmark recent vision, text and audio models, showing the feasibility of the task. We make our code and our dataset available to the community and described in the Croissant format: https://anonymous.4open.science/r/MObyGaze-F600/ Related worksWe position our contributions with respect to works on: analyses of biases in film datasets, annotation of audiovisual and mulimodal contents, and dataset creation for interpretive tasks.</div

Phrasing and prominence disambiguate clefted Relative Clauses

International audienceWe investigated the prosodic disambiguation of string-identical it-clefts with Connected Clauses (-Who sang? -It was [the editor] [that sang]) versus clefted Relative Clauses (-Who called? -It was [the editor [that sang]] ([that called])). Connected Clauses attach high in structure and convey background information, while clefted Relatives are nested within the focused element they modify and are also in focus. In the absence of prosodic cues, clefted Relatives tend to induce garden-path effects due to a default parsing preference for Connected Clauses. A production study revealed distinct prosodic phrasing and prominence patterns between the two structures across multiple regions, with disambiguation detectable from the first ambiguous word. Connected Clauses were prosodically separated from the clefted element, whereas clefted Relatives formed a single prosodic phrase with the head noun. These patterns align with their syntax, suggesting that syntax-prosody mismatches involving Relative Clauses are more constrained than previously assumed. In terms of prominence, clefted Relatives showed localized focus effects on the rightmost stressable word, rather than across the entire focused phrase. This supports the existence of intermediate representations linking information structure and prosody. An auditory comprehension study showed that listeners used these prosodic cues to override the default parsing preference for Connected Clauses

Compte-rendu : Nicolás Anders, Peter Gemeinhardt et Lina Hantel (ed.), Preaching the Christian Life and Faith. Communication of Religious Education in Late Antique Latin Sermons, Tübingen, Mohr Siebeck, 2025

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Freins d'accès aux services de santé en Polynésie française : approche qualitative

International audienceIntroduction : L’accessibilité des services biomédicaux constitue un défi complexe en Polynésie française. La configuration territoriale en de multiples îles dispersées et la centralisation des filières spécialisées à Tahiti voire en dehors du territoire impliquent des mobilités parfois contraignantes pour les usagers et propices aux inégalités d’accès. But de l’étude : À partir d’une recherche qualitative et inductive centrée sur l’expérience ordinaire des usagers, l’article identifie différents facteurs contraignant l’accès aux services biomédicaux dans ce contexte.Résultats : L’approche qualitative et inductive constitue une entrée particulièrement pertinente pour comprendre le point de vue des usagers en matière d’accessibilité des services de santé et identifier la pluralité des facteurs pouvant contraindre l’accès à ces services. L’éloignement du domicile, parfois prolongé ou répété, implique des coûts et des contraintes multiples. Les usagers mobilisent des ressources privées (relations familiales, capital économique) pour pallier ces contraintes, couvrir les besoins non pris en charge par le système de protection sociale et accéder aux services des filières spécialisées. Les usagers les moins dotés en ressources économiques et sociales peuvent renoncer aux services biomédicaux en raison de l'absence de solutions d’hébergement sur le lieu de prise en charge ou des coûts trop élevés impliqués par leur séjour. Les relations familiales, toutefois ambivalentes, peuvent également être un motif d’empêchement d’accès aux soins (mésententes ; obligations). Conclusions : Les ressources économiques et les relations familiales constituent des déterminants de l’accès aux soins et services biomédicaux en Polynésie française, pouvant conduire les usagers à renoncer à une prise en charge

Neo‐Taphonomic Analysis of Prey Bone Remains Accumulated by Golden Eagle ( <i>Aquila chrysaetos</i> ): A Case of Nests in Southern France

International audienceThe golden eagle (Aquila chrysaetos) nests in rock cavities where it accumulates prey bone remains during the breeding season. Because nests can be reoccupied from year to year, these faunal elements can form remarkable bone accumulations and, in the sub-fossil record, be mixed with assemblages derived from human or other predator activities. The neo-taphonomic characterization of golden eagle prey bone remains aims to distinguish the contribution of this large raptor within a faunal assemblage. This study provides new multi-taxa taphonomic data, mainly based on modern uneaten food remains, supplemented by pellet bone remains. The material was collected from 26 nesting sites in southern France and consists of over 4000 remains belonging to more than 250 prey. The results highlight a selection of prey under 5 kg, dominated by leporids, medium-sized birds, roe deer fawns, and red fox cubs. The anatomical parts most commonly found in nests are the hindquarters of hares, the legs and heads of fawns, the heads of fox cubs, and the sternum and pelvic girdle of birds. Bone surfaces of non-ingested remains were slightly altered by meat consumption, but recurrent marks were observed, such as fractures of vertebral apophyses and fractures of hare fibulae, perforations of fox skulls, avian sternums and pelvic bones, and fractures of the pelvic girdle, scapulae and avian sternum. As noted by previous authors, pellets yielded few bones, most of which were highly digested

Tracking the Dynamics of human Colonisation and Adaptation in Central Vanuatu: Preliminary Results From Excavation and Survey at Pangpang, East Efate

International audienceABSTRACT In October 2022 an extensive archaeological landscape was identified by staff of the Vanuatu Cultural Centre at Pangpang on the east coast of Efate Island in central Vanuatu. It included midden deposits on the banks of the Pangpang River near the sea at Forari Bay where Lapita and Early Erueti‐style pottery sherds were recovered. Later Mangaasi‐style pottery was found nearby and further inland across much of the wider landscape. This is the only location on Efate where the full pottery sequence, and hence 1600 years of occupation dating from first arrival, has been identified in a restricted location. Later survey of former settlements across the valley indicates that the region was heavily populated before European contact. Survey and excavations in 2023 confirmed that the wider Pangpang landscape has the potential for tracking the dynamics of first human arrival and subsequent adaptation in Central Vanuatu over three millennia.Résume En octobre 2022, un vaste paysage archéologique a été identifié par les archéologues du Centre culturel de Vanuatu à Pangpang, sur la côte est de l’île d'Efate, au centre de Vanuatu. Il s'agissait notamment d'amas de déchets présents sur les rives de la rivière Pangpang, près de la mer, dans la baie de Forari, où des tessons de poterie Lapita et Erueti ancien ont été retrouvés. Des poteries Mangaasi, plus tardives, ont été découvertes à proximité et plus à l'intérieur des terres, réparties sur une large surface. Pangpang est ainsi la seule localité d'Efate où l'on a identifié, à ce jour, une séquence céramique complète, correspondant à 1600 ans d'occupation depuis les premières arrivées humaines, ceci dans un espace relativement limité. Une étude complémentaire des anciennes occupations de la vallée indique que la région était densément peuplée avant le contact européen. L'inventaire et les fouilles menés en 2023 confirment que la région de Pangpang offre la possibilité de retracer la dynamique des premières présences humaines sur Efate et l'adaptation qui a suivi dans le centre du Vanuatu au cours de trois millénaires

L’impact de la proximité à la mine sur le niveau de vie : une analyse par l'équipement des ménages en Nouvelle-Calédonie

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Angeletti (Thomas), Chappe (Vincent-Arnaud) (dir.), Les modes de présence du droit. Paris, Éditions de l’EHESS, 2023, 344 p., 28,80 €.

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