Repositorio Digital CIDE
Not a member yet
    3481 research outputs found

    Portada y hoja legal

    No full text
    Portada, hoja legal, tabla de contenidoPolítica y gobiern

    Peers and food: the effect of internet access on eating disorders among teenagers

    Get PDF
    This research project examines the impact of household broadband internet access on eating disorder (ED) behaviors among Mexican teenagers aged 11 to 19. Exploiting variation over time and across municipalities in broadband infrastructure deployment, we implement an instrumental variable approach to estimate the effect of household internet access on ED risk behaviors, using nationally representative health survey data from 2012 and 2018. Our results provide evidence of a positive association between internet access and the likelihood of engaging in ED behaviors related to anorexia and anxiety, particularly worrying about gaining weight and episodes of binge eating. The effects are concentrated among teenage girls and the older cohort of adolescents, while no significant effects are found for boys or younger adolescents

    El papel de los impuestos a las grandes herencias, legados y donaciones en la reducción de la brecha de desigualdad en México

    Get PDF
    México está inmerso en un círculo vicioso de desigualdad y pobreza. El 1% de las personas más ricas de México concentran el 47% de la riqueza. Asimismo, el 79% de la riqueza está acaparada por tan solo el 10% más rico. Además, pese a que el PIB per cápita aumenta a un ritmo inferior al 1% anual, el patrimonio de los 16 mexicanos más ricos se multiplica por cinco. Esto se debe a que la acumulación de riqueza crece y se recapitaliza más rápido que la economía en su conjunto, perpetuando una desigualdad cada vez más elevada e incompatible con los principios meritocráticos y de justicia social. No obstante, por estas ganancias extraordinarias los multimillonarios en México no pagan ni un peso más de impuestos. Dado que la transmisión de riqueza mediante donaciones, legados y herencias es uno de los factores económicos más determinantes que perpetúan y agravan la desigualdad intergeneracional, la presente investigación pretende analizar la viabilidad jurídica de los impuestos al capital, específicamente de los impuestos a las herencias, legados y donaciones. El presente trabajo de investigación analiza la regulación tributaria sobre herencias en México de 1926 a 1961. Asimismo, analiza los argumentos que sirvieron de base para derogar los impuestos a las herencias en pleno auge del milagro mexicano. Posteriormente, luego de analizar las directrices y principios que guían la regulación tributaria, se analiza la armonía de los impuestos a las herencias con la normatividad vigente. Seguidamente, se contrasta la perspectiva económica tradicional, que consideraba que la desigualdad es un motor del crecimiento económico que incentiva la inversión, con las nuevas corrientes económicas que sostienen que la igualdad es más beneficiosa para la economía al fomentar la innovación y la productividad. A continuación, se examina cómo la distribución del ingreso favorece al capital sobre el trabajo, exacerbando la desigualdad económica y la acumulación de riqueza entre los más acaudalados. Asimismo, se evalúan los impuestos a herencias y donaciones en otros países, revelando las marcadas diferencias en tasas y exenciones entre estos. Por último, se presenta una propuesta para la implementación de un impuesto sobre herencias en México, dirigido principalmente a los patrimonios más grandes con un umbral de exención significativo. La propuesta sugiere tasas progresivas, las cuales tendrían un impacto sustancial en la distribución del ingreso

    Disconnected roads: how transport infrastructure falls short in southern Mexico

    Get PDF
    Economic geography, transport infrastructure, regional developmentThis paper studies the effectiveness of transport infrastructure in promoting development in lagging regions. Using detailed road and census data combined with a spatial general equilibrium model calibrated to Mexico, we show that infrastructure investments in poorer areas are more effective when they enhance connectivity to the national network and are paired with productivity improvements. Between 2004 and 2019, Mexico’s southern states received over one-fourth of all new paved roads but saw limited connectivity gains, as investments focused on low-speed, locally administered roads that primarily connected low-productivity municipalities within states. While the national road expansion raised national real income by 1.0% and welfare by 1.7%, the income elasticity with respect to new roads in the South was only half that of the North. To highlight the critical role of local economic conditions in shaping these returns to new transport infrastructure, we show that a counterfactual 2,200km highway in the South generates only one-third the welfare gains of an equivalent highway in the North—unless accompanied by a 5.5% productivity boost

    Underinvestment in transit, and electoral accountability: a spatial approach to the metro

    Get PDF
    On May 3rd, 2021, a segment of Mexico City’s Metro Line 12 collapsed, killing 25 people and disrupting mobility for thousands. This disaster sparked public debate about political responsibility, infrastructure quality, and urban governance in Mexico. This tragedy, which has not been studied by others, led to the following question: What was the impact of the collapse of Metro Line 12 on electoral outcomes in Mexico City during the 2021 and 2024 elections? Previous literature on accountability shows that voters may punish incumbents after disasters, but often fail to assign blame accurately due to partisanship, poor information, or populist discourse. While “blind retrospection” and partisan filtering are well-documented, little empirical research has studied how infrastructure failures in urban transit affect multi-level electoral accountability. This case provides a rare opportunity to study electoral accountability in response to an infrastructure failure in a dense urban context under a populist regime. Using a spatial natural experiment framework, the study compares electoral sections near the collapse site with similar unaffected areas to estimate causal effects. The empirical strategy leverages detailed electoral and census data, modelling proportional changes in party support through simultaneous equations. The incumbent alliance experienced consistent and statistically significant losses across all elections, with vote share declines between 4.5% and 12.9% in affected areas. The backlash was strongest in local races, particularly mayoral contests, despite mayors lacking direct responsibility for the Metro system. Accountability was real but misdirected: voters punished local officials more than higher-level actors who held greater institutional responsibility. Early losses (2018–2021) favored the main opposition, while the third party gained more in the later period (2021–2024). These findings show that in urban democracies, service failures can drive political change—even in contexts of populist narrative control. The collapse of Metro Line 12 illustrates that neglecting public infrastructure carries a tangible political cost: despite efforts to deflect blame, voters responded with measurable electoral punishment, particularly at the local level. This underscores the need for clear attribution of responsibility and stronger accountability mechanisms to uphold democratic governance

    Modeling the trend, persistence, and volatility of inflation in Pacific Alliance Countries: an empirical application using a model with inflation bands

    Get PDF
    Inflation, trend inflation, inflation gap persistence, inflation gap volatility, inflation targets, pacific allianceThis paper estimates and analyzes the dynamics of trend inflation, as well as the persistence and volatility of the inflation gap, in the Pacific Alliance countries (Chile, Colombia, Mexico, and Peru). The econometric approach employs methodologies proposed by Stock and Watson (2007) and Chan et al. (2013), including the AR-Trend-Bound model, which incorporates the implications of inflation targeting in estimating the unobserved components of inflation. The results show that this model effectively attributes most of the permanent component to trend inflation. Additionally, all four countries exhibit a declining trend inflation during the 1990s, stabilization in the first two decades of the century, and a growing trend inflation following the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. The low levels of inflation gap persistence before the pandemic reflect the effectiveness of central banks in keeping inflation close to its trend level. Lastly, the volatility of the inflation gap captures the Great Moderation of inflation, with pandemic-era increases in volatility reaching levels comparable to those observed in the 1990s

    Política industrial en la práctica: estrategias, desafíos y lecciones para economías emergentes

    Get PDF
    Política industrial, innovación, desarrollo económico, colaboración público privada, diversificación económica, industrial policy, innovation, economic development, public-private collaboration, economic diversificationLa política industrial ha sido clave en el desarrollo económico de muchas economías emergentes. Corea del Sur y China han logrado avances significativos mediante estrategias activas, inversión en innovación y desarrollo de conglomerados industriales. En contraste, México y Brasil han enfrentado desafíos como la dependencia del capital extranjero y la falta de inversión en 1+D. La colaboración público-privada, la diversificación económica y la adaptación a las nuevas tendencias tecnológicas y sostenibles son fundamentales para el éxito. La Cuarta Revolución Industrial y la digitalización presentan oportunidades y retos, requiriendo políticas flexibles que fomenten la innovación y la capacitación laboral. Para México, es esencial fortalecer su base industrial, promover la inversión en tecnología y mejorar su infraestructura. La sostenibilidad y la gobernanza efectiva son claves para lograr un crecimiento inclusivo y competitivo en el largo plazo.Industrial policy has been key to the conomic development of many emerging economies. South Korea and China have made significant progress through active strategies, investment in innovation, and the development of industrial conglomerates. In contrast, Mexico and Brazil have faced challenges such as dependence on foreign capital and lack of investment in R&D. Public-private collaboration, economic diversification, and adaptation to new technological and sustainability trends are essential for success. The Fourth Industrial Revolution and digitalization present both opportunities and challenges, requiring flexible policies that promote innovation and workforce training. For Mexico, it is crucial to strengthen its industrial base, encourage investment in technology, and improve its infrastructure. Sustainability and effective governance are key to achieving inclusive and competitive long-term growth

    Import competition and educational attainment: evidence from the China shock in Mexico

    Get PDF
    China shock, import competition, educational attainment, returns to schooling, choque de China, competencia de las importaciones, logros educativos, retornos a la educaciónThis paper examines the impact of import competition on educational attainment in Mexico, emphasizing its effects through labor market dynamics. Using Chin’s entry into global trade markets as a source of exogenous variation, we implement a shift-share approach to measure regional exposure to Chinese imports and employ a staggered difference-in-differences estimation strategy─marking a novel contribution to the China Shock literature. Our analysis reveals the import competition negatively affected educational outcomes, increasing dropout rates and the proportion of students falling behind their normative grade. These outcomes were accompained by sustained wage declines, particularly in the secondary and tertiary sectors. We identify a significant decline in the returns to schooling as the primary mechanism explaining the adverse educational effects. Our findings offer novel empirical evidence linking import competition reduced returns to schooling.Este artículo examina el impacto de la competencia de las importaciones en los logros educativos en México, haciendo hincapié en sus efectos a través de la dinámica del mercado laboral. Utilizando la entrada de China a los mercados comerciales globales como una fuente de variación exógena, implementamos un enfoque de cambio de participación para medir la exposición regional a las importaciones chinas y empleamos una estrategia de estimación de diferencias en diferencias escalonadas, lo que marca una contribución novedosa a la literatura sobre el shock de China. Nuestro análisis revela que la competencia de las importaciones afectó negativamente los resultados educativos, aumentando las tasas de deserción y la proporción de estudiantes que se quedan atrás de su grado normativo. Estos resultados fueron acompañados por caídas salariales sostenidas, particularmente en los sectores secundario y terciario. Identificamos una disminución significativa en los retornos a la educación como el mecanismo principal que explica los efectos educativos adversos. Nuestros hallazgos ofrecen evidencia empírica novedosa que vincula la competencia de las importaciones con la reducción de los retornos a la educación

    Sustitución calórica y suficiencia alimentaria tras el impuesto a bebidas azucaradas en México, 2012–2016

    Get PDF
    Este trabajo analiza el impacto del impuesto a las bebidas azucaradas implementado en México en 2014 sobre precios, consumo y suficiencia calórica de los hogares. Con datos de la ENIGH 2012–2016 y precios promedio del INPC, se estimó un modelo de diferencias en diferencias (DiD) para identificar el traspaso del impuesto a precios, un sistema de demanda Almost Ideal Demand System (AIDS) para calcular elasticidades de precio e ingreso por quintil, y una simulación calórica que vincula gasto, precios y factores de conversión a kilocalorías. Los resultados muestran un traspaso significativo, incluso superior al contrafactual de pass-through completo; elasticidades precio propia en refrescos cercanas a la unidad en valor absoluto en todos los quintiles, lo que confirma una alta sensibilidad general al precio con ligeras variaciones entre grupos de ingreso; y ajustes calóricos diferenciados, donde los hogares de menores ingresos compensaron parte de la reducción en refrescos con alimentos de alta densidad energética, mientras que los hogares medios redujeron consumo sin sustitutos plenos y los de mayores ingresos conservaron holgura calórica. En ningún caso se comprometió la suficiencia mínima, lo que indica que el impuesto no empujó a los hogares a la pobreza extrema alimentaria, aunque tampoco permitió que los más pobres superaran su déficit estructural. Este estudio aporta evidencia integral al combinar precios, elasticidades y consumo calórico, contribuyendo a la discusión sobre la efectividad y las limitaciones de estos impuestos como instrumentos de política de salud pública

    How do the consequences on others affect dishonest behaviour?: evidence from an online experiment in Mexico

    Get PDF
    Lying, moral costs, mind game, charityDishonesty harms economic performance and growth. However, the literature on dishonesty has used almost exclusively samples from developed countries. In addition, previous studies present non-conclusive results on how concerns for others affect lying behavior. In view of this gap in the evidence, the present study explores how the decision to be dishonest changes when it affects a charity. In an experiment involving 555 participants in Mexico, subjects could lie about the result of a dice roll without any possibility of detection. We contrast a situation without incentives to three conditions that differ in how dishonesty affected the charity. Deceitful behavior increased when participants could benefit from it. Also, participants lied less when they received benefits at the expense of the charity, but they did not lie more when they could help it. Our results suggest that making salient how dishonesty harms others might help reduce its negative effects in society

    2,489

    full texts

    3,481

    metadata records
    Updated in last 30 days.
    Repositorio Digital CIDE is based in Mexico
    Access Repository Dashboard
    Do you manage Open Research Online? Become a CORE Member to access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard! 👇