Scientometric Mapping of the Neurosciences of Education: perspectives for teacher training

La integración del conocimiento neurocientífico en la formación de docentes constituye un desafío actual en la actualización de las mallas curriculares. De ahí la pertinencia de estudios cienciométricos para conocer el estado actual de desarrollo de las Neurociencias de la Educación. El objetivo de la investigación radicó en la construcción del mapa cienciométrico de las Neurociencias de la Educación mediante el análisis de co-ocurrencia de artículos indexados en las bases de datos SciELO y Web of Science (1999-2019). La muestra se conformó por 484 documentos en idiomas inglés y español, y se procesaron en el software libre VosViewer. Del agrupamiento de términos de co-ocurrencia se conformó el mapa general y cuatro clústeres que evidencian las relaciones y concentración de campos de investigación. Los resultados se instituyen en estado del arte de 20 años de publicaciones, y aportan conocimientos neurocientíficos para la formación de docentes

Complications Of Tattoos: Literature Review

El tatuaje se define como la implantación de un pigmento exógeno en la dermis para crear un diseño. Mayoritariamente los tatuajes son decorativos, pero también pueden ser con fines religiosos, médicos u ocurrir accidentalmente. La Academia Americana de Dermatología distingue 5 tipos de tatuajes: traumáticos, amateurs, profesionales, médicos y cosméticos. Los tatuajes son tan antiguos como la humanidad, datan de hace 5.300 años. Lo prueban los restos encontrados en los Alpes Italianos

Effects of a specific injury prevention neuromuscular training program for young female dancers: A randomized-controlled trial

To assess the effects of a specific injury prevention neuromuscular training programme (IPP) on balance and lower-limb asymmetry in female competitive dancers (age 12-20 years; height 1.57 +/- 0.06 m; weight 24.27 +/- 2.79 kg) were randomly allocated to an active general control (GIPP, n = 7) and specific (SIPP n = 7) group. Both programmes were conducted for 6 weeks, with a frequency of three sessions per week. Dynamic balance and lower-limb asymmetry were assessed before and after the intervention. A greater improvement in right-leg total balance (86.6[84.0-90.5] vs 93.8[86.7-99.4];p = 0.035), left-leg total balance(87.8[81.0-89.1] vs 93.6[90.6-100.0];p = 0.013), left-leg anterior balance (71.9[69.1-72.2] vs 74.6[72.0-77.3];p = 0.041), left-leg posteromedial balance (80.5[72.9-83.3] vs 85.9[83.0-94.0];p = 0.048), and left-leg posterolateral balance (79.5[70.4-84.5] vs 85.0[80.0-88.5];p = 0.048) was observed in the SIPP group compared to the GIPP group. No other significant intra-group changes nor inter-group differences were noted. Therefore, compared to a GIPP, a SIPP induced greater improvements in lower-limb dynamic balance in female dancers, potentially leading to greater reduction in lower-limb injury risk

Chapter One - Complementing compost with biochar for agriculture, soil remediation and climate mitigation

We are racing to manage a phenomenally increasing volume of organic wastes from urban, industrial and agricultural entities. Composting is one of the preferred ways to convert biodegradable wastes into nutrient-rich soil conditioners. The age-old technique of composting process is being improved with innovative scientific means. Biochar, a widely studied soil amendment, is a carbonaceous material that can hold nutrients from endogenic/exogenic sources. Biochar-compost, a biochar-complemented compost, may provide a wide range of benefits expected from both materials. Compost and biochar can improve physicochemical and microbiological attributes of soils by supplying labile and stable carbons, and nutrients. Compost may also supply beneficial microbes. This means biochar-compost is a synergic soil amendment that can improve soil quality, increase crop production, and remediate contaminated soils. Having stable carbon, large reactive surface with nutrient loads, biochar can interact widely with organic biomass and modify physicochemical and-microbial states during a composting process while making biochar-compost. Production and application methods of biochar, compost and biochar-compost are covered for agricultural and contaminated soils. Metal and organic contaminations are also discussed. A case study on making and field-testing a mineral-enhanced biochar and a biochar-compost to improve rice yield, is presented at the end

Permanent monitoring of native forests in the protected areas of Chile: an urgent need

La dinámica de los bosques se refiere al cambio en su estructura y composición en el tiempo, gobernado por su crecimiento, el cual es resultado de los procesos de incremento en tamaño, mortalidad de árboles y reclutamiento de nuevos individuos. Conocer el crecimiento de un bosque es esencial para la toma de decisiones de manejo y en investigación. Una apropiada caracterización del crecimiento de los bosques sólo es posible mediante la remedición de unidades de muestreo permanente en el tiempo. Aunque Chile tiene un sistema de inventario continuo, este posee una serie de deficiencias para el estudio efectivo del crecimiento de bosques; ya que posee un enfoque a nivel de rodal, pero no a nivel individual, y el acceso a los datos crudos es escaso. Por otro lado, los esfuerzos científicos son complejos de mantener en el largo plazo debido a las restricciones presupuestarias. Todo lo anterior configura un escenario adverso para proveer información clave y necesaria respecto al crecimiento de los ecosistemas forestales nativos. En el presente trabajo se propone el establecimiento de una red de unidades de muestreo permanente en bosques del Sistema Nacional de �reas Silvestres Protegidas del Estado de Chile. Finalmente, se discute un sistema de monitoreo basado en esta red, destacando las ventajas en términos de investigación, difusión y extensión, así como la facilidad que ofrece para agregar atributos no arbóreos

Laparoscopic lateral pelvic mass dissection-A video vignette

Sin resumen

The artistic collection of the bishop of Santiago de Chile, Luis Francisco Romero, 1707

En la Edad Moderna, las Leyes de las Indias exigían que los obispos católicos destinados a un puesto en Hispanoamérica presentaran un inventario de los bienes personales que debían trasladarse con ellos. De conformidad con este mandato, en el año previo a su toma de posesión de la diócesis de Santiago de Chile en 1708, se documentan los bienes personales de don Luis Francisco Romero en preparación a su viaje desde la ciudad de Cusco. Este registro, que incluye la colección de obras de arte, se conserva en el Archivo General de Indias de Sevilla. Durante la década de permanencia de Romero en Santiago, su colección artística estuvo entre las más ilustres de Chile, actuando como un elemento identificador de su estatus social y profesional. Este estudio busca identificar los contenidos de esta colección y comprender su rol en la circulación de obras de arte no solo entre Cusco y Santiago, sino también entre Europa, Asia y las Américas. Finalmente, y uniendo los temas focales de arte, estatus y circulación, el estudio revela que Romero heredó una selección de obras de Manuel de Mollinedo y Angulo, quien se desempeñó como arzobispo de Cusco desde 1673 hasta su muerte en 1699

Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against cancer 1st edition: Environment, occupation, and cancer

Within the framework of the Latin America and Caribbean region (LAC) Code Against Cancer 1st edition, the current work presents recommendations to reduce exposure to environmental and occupational carcinogenic agents relevant for LAC. Using the methodology established by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in the World Code Against Cancer Framework and experience from developing the European Code Against Cancer 4th edition, a working group of LAC cancer-prevention experts reviewed the list of Group I IARC carcinogenic agents, identified prevalent environmental and occupational exposures in the region, and proposed evidence-based cancer prevention recommendations suited to the epidemiological, socioeconomic, and cultural conditions of LAC countries. Two sets of recommendations were drafted: those targeting the general public and a second set for policymakers. Outdoor and indoor air pollution, ultra-violet radiation and occupational exposures to silica dust, asbestos, benzene, diesel, and welding fumes were identified as prevalent carcinogens in LAC and as agents that could be reduced or eliminated to prevent cancers. Recommendations for additional risk factors were not included due to insufficient data of their attributable burden in LAC (sunbeds, radon, aflatoxin), or lack of a clear preventive action to be taken by the individual (arsenic in drinking water, medical radiation), or lack of evidence of carcinogenicity effect (bisphenol A, phthalates, and pesticides). A broad consensus was reached on environmental and occupational carcinogenic exposures present throughout the LAC region and on individual-level and public policy-level recommendations to reduce or eliminate these exposures. Key educational content for the dissemination of these recommendations was also developed as part of LAC Code Against Cancer 1st EditionThe Latin America and the Caribbean Code Against Cancer project was co-funded by the Sociedade Beneficente Israelita Brasileira Albert Einstein (HIAE) / amigo_h (Amigos Einstein da Oncologia e Hematologia), Brazil (Grant number: DCA-ENV-2020-01) and the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC/WHO), France. Estela Blanco acknowledges ANID - MILENIO - NCS2021_013. The systematic reviews have been conducted by the Iberoamerican Cochrane Centre/Biomedical Research Institute Sant Pau (IIB Sant Pau) from Spain. The authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this manuscript. Where authors are identified as personnel of the International Agency for Research on Cancer/World Health Organization, the authors alone are responsible for the views expressed in this article and they do not necessarily represent the decisions, policy or views of the International Agency for Research on Cancer /World Health Organization

Experimental Evaluation of Four Intermediate Filters to Improve the Motion Field Estimation

For the last 40 years, optical flow (OF) estimation has been challenging the computer vision community. OF is the apparent motion of the pixels in two consecutive images. Variational models are the most used technique to estimate OF, stating an OF estimation error energy model. The minimization of this energy performs an iterative coarse-to-fine approach. In each iteration, the OF is processed with an intermediate filter to eliminate outliers. In the literature, there are studies related to the number of warpings, the number of considered scales, and their effect on the optical flow estimation. However, in the literature, there is no work that studies in depth the effect of different intermediate filters on the optical flow estimation performance. That fact motivates us to compare the effect of different filters in optical flow estimation. Taking an OF model, which is robust to large displacements and illumination changes, we tested it with four different filters: Bilateral filter (BF), Median filter (MF), Weighted median filter (WMF), and a new filter called a Balanced median filter (BMF). This BMF is a weighted sum of the Median filter and the Bilateral filter (BF) using an adaptive weight map that balances the optical flow estimation error due to the median filter or the Bilateral median filter. We assessed these three filters in the state-of-the-art MPI-Sintel training set. That contains realistic synthetic scenes presenting blur, fog, illumination changes, and sequences with significant displacement. Our experimental evaluation shows that the Balanced median filter performs better than the other two filters. When we validated our results on the MPI-Sintel benchmark webpage, we observed that our model performs better than classical methods such as Horn-Schunck, TVL1, and LDOF. Besides, it performs similar to current optical flow estimation methods such as GeoFlow, CPNFlow, and FLOW_UFO

Cardiopulmonary- versus neuromuscular-based high-intensity interval training during a pre-season in youth female basketball players

Purpose. This study compares the effects of 6 weeks of pre-season cardiopulmonary- vs. neuromuscular-based high-intensity interval training (HIIT) in female basketball players’ physical fitness. Methods. Overall, 16 female regional-level U19 basketball players were randomly allocated to a cardiopulmonary-based HIIT (C-HIIT) group (n = 8; age: 17.9 ± 0.6 years; height: 175.4 ± 6.5 cm; body mass: 68.1 ± 7.2 kg) or a neuromuscular-based HIIT (N-HIIT) group (n= 8; age: 18.0 ± 0.4 years; height: 175.6 ± 3.6 cm; body mass: 69.8 ± 5.0 kg). At the PRE-, MID- (3 weeks), and POST-training time points, the participants performed a 30-15 Intermittent Fitness Test (30-15 IFT; aerobic performance) and a repeated sprint ability (RSA) test (6 × 15 + 15 m [with 180° change of direction] with 20-second passive recovery). Results. A 2 × 3 mixed model analysis of variance revealed that both training interventions improved (p 0.05) in RSA results. Conclusions. C-HIIT and N-HIIT improves aerobic performance in female basketball players. However, for improvements in RSA, other training drills (e.g., repeated sprint training) and tasks with a higher number of changes of direction may be investigated