The use of remote sensing in monitoring shoreline change: Implications for maritime area security

Background: Remote sensing has become an important technology in monitoring coastline change and maritime security. In this context, the literature highlights the history and understanding of remote sensing, its benefits in defense and security, and its applications in disaster mitigation and environmental management. Shoreline change analysis methods such as Digital Shoreline Analysis System (DSAS) and COASTSAT are also the focus of study to understand effective approaches in shoreline monitoring. Methods: This study used a literature review method to collect and evaluate journal articles, research reports, and official documentation related to remote sensing, maritime defense and security, and shoreline change analysis. The collected data were analyzed to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concepts, applications, and methods related to the research topic. Results: The results of the literature review show that remote sensing plays a crucial role in monitoring shoreline change and maritime security. The benefits include monitoring military activities, disaster mitigation, and coastal environmental management. Moreover, the analysis of shoreline change using the DSAS and COASTSAT methods offers a different yet effective approach in measuring and understanding shoreline change. Conclusion: In order to maintain maritime security and effectively manage shoreline change, collaboration between countries and the utilization of remote sensing technologies are key. This research provides an in-depth understanding of the concepts, benefits and methods related to the topic, and encourages further exploration of the potential of remote sensing in supporting environmental sustainability and regional peace

Dynamics of seasonal impacts on Total Suspended Solid (TSS) concentrations in coastal Semarang City using landsat 8

Background: Semarang City, located in Central Java, faces significant water quality challenges in its coastal areas due to various activities such as industrial operations, trade, fisheries, and infrastructure development. One major concern is the concentration of Total Suspended Solids (TSS) in the coastal waters, which negatively impacts the marine ecosystem and the fisheries sector. This study aims to measure and analyze the distribution of TSS concentrations in the coastal waters of Semarang City from March to August 2018. Methods: Landsat 8 OLI/TIRS satellite image data, obtained from the USGS, was used for this study. The images were captured on March 18, April 3, May 17, June 6, July 24, and August 25, 2018. The data processing included radiometric correction (TOA), image cropping, land-sea masking, and the application of the Syarif Budiman algorithm to calculate TSS concentrations. TSS concentration classification followed Alabaster and Lloyd’s (1982) categorization. Findings: TSS concentrations in the coastal waters of Semarang City varied between 36-220 mg/L. During the rainy season (March-May), concentrations ranged from 111-210 mg/L, while in the dry season (June-August), concentrations were lower, between 105-108 mg/L. Higher TSS concentrations were observed near estuaries and industrial areas, particularly in Genuk and Tugu sub-districts. Conclusion: TSS concentrations along the coast of Semarang City from March to August 2018 fell within class II and III of the Alabaster and Lloyd classification, indicating negative impacts on the fisheries sector. The increased TSS levels during the rainy season resulted from accumulated waste carried by water flow from human activities along the coast. Effective effluent management is essential to improve water quality and sustain the fisheries sector. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a detailed spatial and temporal analysis of TSS distribution using satellite imagery, offering critical insights into the seasonal impacts of human activities on coastal water quality in Semarang City. The findings emphasize the need for targeted environmental management strategies to support sustainable coastal development

Study of the implementation of geoint and remote sensing in climate change

Background: This research highlights the critical role of geospatial technologies, including remote sensing and Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT), in addressing climate change and its impacts. These technologies extend beyond defense and security applications, proving valuable across sectors such as health, social, economic, and environmental fields. By providing real-time data, they enhance the understanding and mitigation of climate change-related issues. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted by searching databases using relevant keywords. Peer-reviewed articles from the past 10 years were selected. Data were collected through a data extraction form, and the articles were categorized based on themes including geospatial technology applications, benefits, challenges, and recommendations. Findings: The study found that geospatial technologies significantly enhance the understanding of regional environmental conditions, aid in natural disaster mitigation, and support environmental conservation efforts through real-time monitoring of weather and climate change. Despite the high costs and data format challenges, these technologies offer indispensable tools for analyzing climate impacts and formulating effective mitigation strategies. Conclusion: The benefits of geospatial technologies in climate change mitigation are clear, though challenges such as implementation costs and data compatibility remain. These technologies provide policymakers with essential insights for crafting more informed and effective decisions in combating climate change. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study offers a comprehensive review of the diverse applications of geospatial technologies in the context of climate change. It uniquely integrates insights from multiple sectors, showcasing the broader potential of these technologies beyond traditional fields, and provides recommendations for improving data processing and analysis for climate-related decision-making

Anticipating the impact of artificial intelligence to increase national vigilance against terrorism attacks in Indonesia

Background: The rapid advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) poses significant challenges to national security, particularly in the context of cyber terrorism. Indonesia, as a country with a large Muslim population and a history of terrorist activities, faces unique threats that could exploit AI technologies for malicious purposes. The increasing frequency of cyber attacks, including botnet attacks and malware incidents, highlights the urgent need for comprehensive strategies to counter these threats. Methods: This study employs a literature review methodology, analyzing relevant academic articles, policy documents, and case studies on AI and cyber terrorism. The analysis focuses on the intersection of AI technologies and terrorism, exploring the vulnerabilities within Indonesia's cyber security landscape and examining international cooperation frameworks aimed at combating cyber threats. Data sources include scholarly journals, government reports, and publications from international organizations. Findings: The findings reveal that Indonesia's current cyber security infrastructure is inadequate to handle the evolving threats posed by AI-driven cyber terrorism. Notable vulnerabilities were identified in critical sectors, including government and financial institutions, exacerbated by previous cyber breaches. Furthermore, the study highlights the potential use of AI in advanced weaponry, such as kamikaze drones, which could significantly impact national security. Conclusion: To mitigate the risks associated with AI-based cyber terrorism, Indonesia must enhance its legal frameworks and foster international cooperation. Effective measures include harmonizing national laws with international standards and strengthening collaborative efforts with regional partners. Such initiatives are crucial for developing a robust defense against the multifaceted challenges of cyber threats. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study contributes to the existing literature by providing a comprehensive analysis of the implications of AI for cyber terrorism in Indonesia. It underscores the importance of integrating international legal instruments with national policies, offering a novel perspective on addressing the vulnerabilities within Indonesia's cyber security framework. The emphasis on regional cooperation and the exploration of innovative counter-terrorism strategies further enhance the originality of this research

Utilization of satellite technology in communication systems, disaster monitoring, border surveillance, and military intelligence: A literature review

Background: The utilization of satellite technology has become a critical aspect in many fields, including communications, disaster monitoring, border surveillance, and military intelligence. The ability of satellites to provide real-time, high-resolution data offers significant benefits in supporting these activities. This study aims to explore the contributions and benefits of satellites in this context through a literature review approach. Methods: This study used the literature review method, which involves collecting, analyzing, and synthesizing relevant scientific studies. The literature search was conducted through scientific databases with relevant keywords. The selected literature was categorized based on the main topics of communication systems, disaster monitoring, border surveillance, and military intelligence. Analysis was conducted to identify key findings and research gaps. Results: The review research shows that communication satellites enable fast and reliable transmission of information, both domestically and internationally, without significant time delay. In disaster monitoring, satellites such as ASTER and Sentinel-2 have proven effective in detecting environmental changes and supporting rescue operations. For border surveillance, ESA's Sentinel-2 satellite with high spatial resolution is able to effectively monitor borders. In the context of military intelligence, the use of global satellite navigation systems (GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou, Galileo) enables more accurate and real-time threat tracking and detection. Conclusion: This research confirms that satellites play a vital role in communications, disaster monitoring, surveillance, and military intelligence. The ability of satellites to provide high-resolution, real-time data is essential in supporting these critical applications. As satellite technology continues to evolve, these benefits are expected to increase, contributing even more to global security and prosperity

Leveraging drone technology for advancements in photogrammetry, remote sensing, and military intelligence: A review

oai:ojs2.journal-iasssf.com:article/840Background: In the modern technological era, drones have become one of the leading innovations in aviation. This study aims to present a comprehensive literature review on the development and application of drone technology in various contexts, including remote sensing, photogrammetry, military, and intelligence. Methods: A literature review was used to collect, evaluate, and analyse relevant literature from various sources, such as scientific journals, conferences, and reference books. This literature review identifies the development of drone technology from its initial form to their more sophisticated use in military and intelligence operations. Results: The review presents an overview of the role and contribution of drones in information gathering, earth surface mapping, surveillance, reconnaissance, as well as battlefield attacks. The implications of drone technology for future military operations are also discussed, including the integration of sensors, the development of communication systems, and improvements in the decision-making process. Conclusion: This research provides an in-depth understanding of the potential of drone technology and the challenges and opportunities associated with its application in various fields

Analysis of land use dynamics in Jatinom District, Klaten Regency: 2015-2020

Background: Land use change is a significant phenomenon in the context of regional development. Jatinom District, as part of Klaten Regency, experienced a notable change in land use from 2015 to 2020. The aim is to identify patterns of land use change. Methods: This research method includes visual interpretation and digitization of GeoEye imagery, accuracy test, overlay, and field checking. The use of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) is key in spatial analysis of land use change in Jatinom District. Results: Land use change in Jatinom District predominantly occurs in the form of land conversion into settlements. Factors such as strategic location, land price, labor availability, and infrastructure support this change. In addition, there are also other changes in land use types, such as the growth of industrial and trade land. Conclusion: In the last five years, Jatinom District has experienced significant changes in land use, with the most notable growth occurring in residential land. Factors such as location, land price, and infrastructure are the main drivers of this change. This shows the importance of wise spatial planning in the face of dynamic regional development

Geospatial intelligent analysis to support Indonesian airspace defense

Background: In the modern era, air defense plays a critical role in national security strategies, especially for Indonesia, the world's largest archipelagic nation, which faces complex challenges in safeguarding its vast airspace. Geospatial Intelligence (GEOINT) offers advanced capabilities for enhancing detection, mapping, and planning in air defense operations. By utilizing data from satellites, UAVs, and sensor technologies, GEOINT has the potential to significantly improve air defense through real-time data analysis and situational modeling. Methods: This study employed a literature review method to examine the role of GEOINT in Indonesia's air defense. Literature from academic sources and official reports was analyzed, focusing on peer-reviewed studies that discuss GEOINT technologies such as UAVs, radar systems, and topographic mapping. The review covered the application of these technologies in threat detection, mission planning, and the surveillance of adversarial activities. Findings: The analysis revealed that GEOINT is vital in supporting Indonesia's air defense operations. It enables early threat detection, efficient mission planning, and constant monitoring of adversarial movements using data from satellites and UAVs. Additionally, GEOINT facilitates accurate terrain mapping, optimal flight route planning, and the surveillance of strategic areas, enhancing defense strategies and enabling timely preventive actions against threats. Conclusion: GEOINT is an essential strategic tool for enhancing Indonesia’s air defense capabilities. To maximize its potential, investments in advanced technologies, geospatial data infrastructure, and personnel training are crucial. Furthermore, international collaboration and the development of monitoring satellites will be pivotal for the future success of Indonesia’s air defense strategy. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study provides a focused exploration of the integration of GEOINT in Indonesia's air defense strategy, highlighting its transformative impact on threat detection and defense planning. The study underscores the need for technological advancement and international partnerships in strengthening national air defense capabilities