Mapping household physical vulnerability to tidal floods through indicator-based scoring analysis

Background: Tidal flooding is a significant problem in the coastal areas of Semarang City, due to climate change and environmental pollution issues. Method: The research method involved direct observation and interviews with homeowners to collect primary data, as well as scoring analysis based on four main indicators. This study used a structural indicator-based scoring analysis approach to assess the physical vulnerability of houses to tidal flooding. Findings: Tambakrejo area, which is a coastal area, also experiences periodic inundation due to sea level rise. The physical vulnerability of houses in this area is influenced by various factors, such as building materials, building age, floor height, and building height. The results show that most houses in Tambakrejo have a moderate level of vulnerability, with building materials and age as the main causes. Houses with wooden materials and more than 20 years old are more vulnerable to damage from inundation, while multi-storey houses and those with higher floors have better resilience. Conclusion: The study highlights that building materials and age are key factors affecting the physical vulnerability of houses to tidal flooding in Tambakrejo, Semarang City, and suggests consideration of structural indicators in flood risk mitigation. Novelty/ originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in using a structural indicator-based scoring analysis to assess the physical vulnerability of houses to tidal flooding in Tambakrejo, highlighting building materials, age, and floor height as key factors

Vegetation resilience and environmental impact following industrial mud eruption: Spatial distribution analysis

Background: Hot mudflows from Lapindo Sidoarjo are often released consistently from cracks in the soil layer and begin to submerge the surrounding land cover, such as houses, school buildings, factories, agricultural land, and vegetation. Lapindo hot mud is hot volcanic mud that comes out due to cracks in the soil layer in Siring Village, Porong District, Sidoarjo Regency and has been researched to contain heavy metal compounds and high temperatures. This causes changes in vegetation biodiversity in the Lapindo mud region. This research aims to analyze the influence of the distance to the center of the Lapindo Sidoarjo mudflow on the physical characteristics of the environment and the spatial distribution of surrounding vegetation. Methods: The method used is the transect method for taking vegetation samples and snowball sampling for taking informants to support vegetation conditions in the research area. The observation and interview data obtained were then processed and analyzed quantitatively descriptively using multiple linear regression. Findings: The analysis carried out shows that the distance from the center of the burst does not have a significant influence on the distribution of air temperature and surface temperature. However, the distance from the center of the spray influences the acidity (pH) of the soil with an influence percentage of 41.2%. In statistical analysis, it was also proven that the physical characteristics of the Lapindo mud region did not affect the diversity of life form types. Apart from that, the analysis carried out in this research also produced six types of vegetation life forms consisting of herbs, bushes, trees, vines, epiphytes, and aquatic, which were distributed randomly throughout the research area in the form of the Lapindo muddy area. Conclusion: The existence of vegetation life forms is not determined by the physical characteristics of the Lapindo mud region but is influenced by the relative location characteristics, such as aquatic vegetation that grows due to the presence of water bodies and herbaceous vegetation that can grow on any open land. Novelty/Originality of this article: It can be concluded that the emergence of the Lapindo hot mud phenomenon in Sidoarjo only affects soil acidity. Moreover, this phenomenon does not have a significant influence on the spatial distribution of surrounding vegetation

Spatiotemporal analysis of land surface temperature and land cover change: Assessing the impact of urbanization and vegetation dynamics

Background: Land cover change refers to changes in the surface cover of an area over time due to natural and human factors. The urbanization of Cibadak District, near the toll exit, contrasts with the rural Cikidang District, resulting in different dynamics of land surface temperature (LST) and land cover change. This study focuses on the observed temperature increase in both districts from 2013 to 2023, aiming to analyze the relationship between land cover change and LST variation. Methods: This study used a spatiotemporal analysis method, with land cover as the independent variable and LST as the dependent variable. Clustered purposive sampling was used. Land cover was validated using Google Earth imagery, while LST was validated with air temperature data from BMKG. Landsat 8 imagery was processed using the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform to create spatiotemporal maps of land cover and LST. The relationship between the two variables was analyzed through cross-sectional spatial analysis and statistical calculations, including Spearman correlation and multiple linear regression. Findings: From 2013 to 2023, the average increase in LST in land cover was 7.76°C. The analysis showed that vegetated land cover (forest and garden) showed temperatures between 24-32°C, while bare land had temperatures between 32-36°C, with bare land exceeding 40°C in 2023. The statistical results showed a strong positive correlation between land cover changes and LST increases. The correlation coefficient between 2013-2018 was 0.8117 (R² = 0.6588), and between 2018-2023, it was 0.7925 (R² = 0.6560). Conclusions: This study revealed a significant increase in LST in both study sites from 2013 to 2023, with land cover changes playing a key role in this trend. Urban areas with less vegetation contribute to higher temperatures, while vegetated areas help mitigate temperature increases. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study uniquely combines spatiotemporal analysis and statistical methods to assess the impact of land cover change on LST dynamics

Spatial multi-parameter analysis of landslide susceptibility with geological structure integration

Background: Based on the 2022-2026 disaster risk assessment, nearly all districts in Bali Province are at a high risk of landslides. The Tukad Oos Watershed is one of the river basins in Bali Province, spanning two districts: Gianyar District and Bangli District. Mapping and analysing landslide potential is an important step in disaster mitigation efforts. The objective of this study is to identify the locations of landslide-prone areas in the Tukad Oos Watershed and to assess the impact of the development of the Ubud and Kintamani tourist areas on these landslide-prone areas. Methods: The method used is multi-parameter scoring. This study analyzes landslide potential in Tukad Oos Watershed, Bali, using rainfall, slope, geology, soil, landform, and land use parameters with a weighted scoring method. Findings: The results of the landslide potential estimation analysis indicate a high landslide potential class covering 4.87 hectares or 0.03% of the basin area, a moderate potential class covering 72.97 hectares or 0.5% of the watershed area, a low potential class covering 829.98 hectares or 6.74% of the watershed area, and a non-potential class covering 11,406.05 hectares or 92.62% of the upstream Tukad Oos watershed area. Conclusion: The results of the landslide potential analysis from this study are quite similar to the Inarisk BNPB data, with the difference lying in the level of detail produced, which is influenced by the spatial resolution of the Digital Elevation Model (DEM) used for the analysis. The development of tourism activities in the Ubud and Kintamani areas does not significantly increase the landslide potential in the Tukad Oos watershed. Novelty/Originality of this article: Studies on landslides in Indonesia use several parameters; the main parameter that is often used is slope inclination, but this study adds geological structure parameters as a determining factor in landslide estimation

Spatial prioritization of urban green open space development using weighted overlay analysis

Background: Urban areas are ecosystems where plants, animals, humans, and infrastructure interact. Green open spaces (GOS) like parks are vital in cities for facilitating this interaction. However, rapid urbanization and limited land often lead to the conversion of green spaces into built-up areas, which increases urban temperatures, disrupts ecosystems, and lowers the quality of life for city dwellers. The allocation of GOS development is often not aligned with the community's actual needs. This study aims to determine the priority locations for GOS development in Mataram City using the Weighted Overlay method in the ArcGIS application. Method: This study employs a qualitative approach using spatial analysis through the Weighted Overlay method in ArcGIS. Three key variables are considered: the comfort index (THI), vegetation density (NDVI), and population density. The data from these variables are combined to assess and prioritize areas in Mataram City for GOS development. Findings: The analysis shows that the sub-districts of Mataram and Cakranegara have the highest priority for GOS development, based on the combined analysis of comfort index, vegetation density, and population density. These areas require more green space to improve environmental quality and meet the community’s needs. Conclusion: The study highlights the importance of prioritizing GOS development in Mataram and Cakranegara sub-districts. It suggests that urban planning policies in Mataram City should focus on these areas to enhance urban living conditions and mitigate environmental degradation caused by limited green spaces. Novelty/Originality of this article: This research is unique in applying the Weighted Overlay method in ArcGIS to evaluate and prioritize GOS locations based on multiple urban variables. It provides valuable insights for urban planners, offering a data-driven approach to address the challenges of green space distribution in urban environments

Analysis of agricultural land carrying capacity and projected food demand

Background: Cilacap Regency is one of the leading rice-producing regions in Central Java and is widely recognized as a rice granary of the province. This study aims to assess the agricultural land carrying capacity and project future population growth in Cilacap Regency. Method: A quantitative descriptive approach was employed using secondary data sourced from the Cilacap Regency statistical reports for the years 2013–2023. Findings: The analysis reveals that the agricultural land carrying capacity in Cilacap consistently falls under Class 1 each year, indicating the region’s strong ability to achieve rice self-sufficiency. However, population projections for 2033 show that certain districts—namely South Cilacap, Central Cilacap, and North Cilacap—may require an expansion of harvested area to meet future food demand. A key limitation of this study lies in the absence of projected agricultural land carrying capacity for the year 2033. Conclusion: Future research should address this gap to provide a more comprehensive outlook for sustainable food security planning in Cilacap Regency. Novelty/ originality of this article: The novelty of this study lies in assessing Cilacap Regency’s agricultural land carrying capacity alongside future population projections, identifying potential food demand challenges, and informing sustainable rice self-sufficiency planning strategies

Climate crisis and carbon accounting in West Africa: Institutional and financial dimensions

Background: Climate change poses pressing challenges for developing regions, yet its impact on carbon accounting remains underexplored in West Africa. This study examines the effect of the climate crisis on carbon accounting practices across 14 West African countries, with attention to the mediating role of institutional capacity and the moderating role of financial sector depth. Method: Using a quantitative design, the study draws on panel data from the World Development Indicators (WDI) and Worldwide Governance Indicators (WGI) for 2005–2020. Carbon accounting practices were proxied by carbon dioxide damage as a percentage of Gross National Income (GNI), while climate crisis was measured by CO₂ emissions per capita. Estimation employed Fixed Effects regression models, with mediation and moderation tested through the Baron and Kenny (1986) framework and interaction term analysis in STATA. Findings: Results reveal that the climate crisis significantly promotes carbon accounting practices. Institutional capacity partially mediates this relationship, as regulatory frameworks improve under climate stress but are weakened by systemic reporting flaws. Financial sector depth independently enhances carbon accounting yet dampens the direct influence of climate pressures, confirming a moderating effect. Conclusion: The findings suggest that climate-induced pressures alone are insufficient without strong institutions and financial systems that prioritize environmental concerns. Policymakers should therefore strengthen regulatory capacity, enforcement mechanisms, and institutional independence to ensure environmental regulations yield meaningful accounting reforms. The study is limited by reliance on secondary data and proxy measures, which may not capture qualitative institutional nuances. The exclusion of The Gambia also constrains generalizability. Future research should explore firm-level practices and assess the effects of green finance and environmental taxation on disclosure. Novelty/ originality of this article: The study introduces an integrative framework linking institutional and financial dynamics to climate–accounting interactions, offering both conceptual and methodological contributions in a West African context

Community-integrated carbon trading: A pathway to environmental conservation and economic sustainability

Background: Severe climate change demands urgent global action, emphasizing the need for innovative strategies to mitigate climate change and reduce carbon emissions. Central to these efforts is the reduction of emissions from deforestation and forest degradation. Engaging local communities in carbon trading initiatives plays a pivotal role in achieving sustainability, empowering them to contribute to climate change mitigation and promoting the adoption of renewable energy. Method: This study adopts the PSALSAR framework, which integrates PRISMA and SALSA, to conduct a systematic literature reflection on local community empowerment through carbon trading initiatives. The process includes six main stages: Protocol, Search, Appraisal, Synthesis, Analysis, and Report. The study refers to sources from the Verra Registry, focusing on the AFOLU (Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use) project category, and uses the PICOC framework to ensure research relevance. Findings: Carbon trading initiatives, such as the Blue Carbon Project in Colombia, the Kuamut Rainforest Conservation Project in Malaysia, and the Plum Project in Indonesia, focus on reducing emissions while empowering local communities. These initiatives promote sustainable practices and economic opportunities, aligning with broader sustainable development goals. The study reveals that integrating community empowerment with environmental conservation can lead to emission reductions, economic growth, and biodiversity preservation. Successful implementation requires collaborative partnerships and effective policy integration. Conclusion: Empowering local communities through carbon trading initiatives brings positive impacts across economic, cultural, environmental, and social domains. These initiatives highlight the importance of community involvement and collaboration among stakeholders for achieving sustainability. The study calls for further exploration of challenges and future research directions, emphasizing the transformative potential of community empowerment in carbon trading for a more sustainable future. Novelty/Originality of this article: It emphasizes the integration of environmental conservation with community-driven economic opportunities, demonstrating the transformative potential of such initiatives for sustainable development

Study of surface flow discharge in the bompon sub watershed, Magelang District

oai:ojs2.journal-iasssf.com:article/362Background: The Bompon sub-watershed can be divided into 3 parts, namely upstream, middle and downstream and has a catchment area in residential areas and mixed gardens. The five river areas in the Bompon Sub-watershed have different levels of water discharge. This is influenced by the area size, rainfall, land cover, slope, shape of the watershed area, and density of rivers in the watershed area. This research was conducted in Margoyoso Village, with the aim of knowing the amount of river water discharge in the upstream, middle and downstream Bompon Sub-watershed, residential catchment areas and mixed gardens. Methods: In this research, water flow discharge was calculated using the Area-velocity Method using floats. This study uses a quantitative approach. The object of this research is the amount of flow discharge in the five river sections, while the subject of this research is the observation water points in the five river sections in the Bompon Sub-watershed. Findings: The results of this research show that the largest discharge magnitude is in the downstream section. Meanwhile, the smallest discharge amount is in the middle section, because the river order in the downstream section is a meeting between several river orders in the upstream and middle sections. Conclusion: Then for measuring surface flow discharge in the water catchment area, it shows that the amount of discharge in residential areas does not contain flowing water. This is caused by land use factors around the weir which are dominated by residential areas, where there are buildings which make it difficult for water to enter the ground. Meanwhile, in mixed plantation areas there is a fairly large amount of discharge, because the water supply comes from subsurface flows or seepage

Analisis perkembangan wilayah Kabupaten Bekasi dan Kota Bekasi berdasarkan Peraturan Presiden Nomor 60 Tahun 2020

Background: Bekasi Regency and City are part of the Jabodetabek-Punjur region which experienced rapid development in the period 2000 to 2023. The aim of this research is to analyze the history of physical development, population, environmental problems of urban areas in Bekasi Regency and City, as well as analyze the content Presidential Regulation no. 60 of 2020 related to the environment. Methods: Qualitative methods are used to analyze environmental problems in Bekasi Regency and City, analyzing the contents of Presidential Decree No. 60 of 2020 related to the environment and developing a concept for integrating the content of these policies related to the environment into the Bekasi Regency and City Spatial Planning Plan through literature study. Findings: The results of spatial analysis show that the implementation of Presidential Decree no. 60 of 2020 on the development of the Bekasi urban area requires synergy between protected areas, cultivation areas, and residential center systems, including the city core area, surrounding urban areas, and transit-oriented development areas. Conclusion: The availability of adequate facilities and infrastructure will support damage control and reduce environmental pollution, as well as encourage sustainable regional development