Assessing transition risks and financial implications of emission reduction in FMCG companies under Indonesia's ENDC framework

Background: Indonesia has committed to limiting global temperature rise to below 2°C through ENDC, impacting emission-intensive sectors like FMCG. PT X faces transition risks from carbon surcharges and emission reductions to meet ENDC targets. This study analyzes these risks, showing the company must reduce emissions to avoid additional costs and comply with ENDC. Methods: This paper uses qualitative and quantitative methods to assess transition risks for FMCG companies, focusing on carbon emission reduction policies. The quantitative analysis involves calculating climate financial risks through scenario analysis, while the qualitative approach analyzes regulations and sustainability reports. The study uses a bottom-up approach to assess emissions in Scope 1 and 2 and applies sensitivity analysis to evaluate the financial impact of emission reduction policies. Findings: The scenario and sensitivity analysis shows that if PT X conducts operational activities in accordance with Business as Usual (BAU) for a 1.6% reduction in emissions, the company will experience an emission deficit (emissions above the ENDC target), which raises additional carbon costs of USD 21,199.91 tons CO2eq per year by the company. Meanwhile, in the scenario analysis and sensitivity analysis, the minimum level the company must reduce its emissions by 1.9% to get an emission surplus (emissions below the ENDC target). Conclusion: To reduce the impact of transition risk, companies can invest in the development of environmentally friendly technologies, and switch to renewable energy. The sale of carbon credits from surplus emissions can also be used by companies to cover carbon costs and mitigation actions. Novelty/Originality of This Study: This study lies in its application of climate financial risk analysis to assess the transition risks faced by Indonesia’s FMCG industry, providing a quantitative evaluation of emission reduction thresholds and their financial implications under the Enhanced Nationally Determined Contribution (ENDC) framework

Analysis of river water pollution control due to activities gold mining: Causes, impacts, and effective and sustainable control efforts

Background: This study examines river water pollution due to gold mining activities in Indonesia and its control efforts. This pollution is caused by the use of hazardous chemicals such as mercury and cyanide in the gold extraction process, as well as the disposal of mining waste without adequate treatment. The impacts of pollution include damage to aquatic ecosystems, decreased water quality, and threats to human health. Methods: The research methodology uses a qualitative approach with secondary data analysis from various sources such as journal articles, government reports, and case studies. Data are analyzed using triangulation techniques to ensure the validity and reliability of the information. Findings: The discussion shows that water pollution due to gold mining, especially illegal activities, has caused significant declines in water quality in various regions in Indonesia. The impacts of pollution include threats to human health, damage to aquatic ecosystems, decreased water quality, and disruption to the livelihoods of communities that depend on water resources. Conclusions: Emphasize the importance of pollution control through the application of environmentally friendly technologies, strict regulations, and public education. Recommendations for further research include further study of the long-term impacts of mercury pollution, development of more efficient waste treatment technologies, and exploration of alternative livelihoods for communities around mining areas. Novelty/Originality of This Study: This study lies in its comprehensive analysis of river water pollution from gold mining in Indonesia, integrating environmental, health, and socio-economic perspectives to propose sustainable pollution control strategies and alternative livelihood solutions

Biocentrism and its role in shaping conservation approaches in protected areas

Background: This study explores the shift from anthropocentrism to ecocentrism in the context of protected-area prioritization in Indonesia, highlighting the influence of deep ecology and biocentrism on human-environment relationships. The primary objective of the study is to analyze the impact of deep ecology and biocentrism on conservation efforts in Indonesia, offering insights into the challenges of integrating these philosophies into environmental policymaking for long-term biodiversity conservation. Methods: This study employs a literature review methodology, analyzing existing research, philosophical frameworks, and case studies related to anthropocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism in the context of environmental ethics and protected-area management. The review includes works on deep ecology, environmental ethics, and Indonesia’s specific environmental policies, drawing from both global and local perspectives to examine how these philosophies shape conservation strategies. Findings: Anthropocentrism, which views nature primarily as a resource for human use, has historically shaped environmental policies, often resulting in environmental degradation and biodiversity loss. In contrast, ecocentrism and biocentrism, which recognize the intrinsic value of all life forms, advocate for a more ethical and sustainable approach to conservation. As one of the most biodiverse countries in the world, Indonesia faces significant challenges in balancing development with biodiversity conservation, particularly in light of pressures from deforestation, agriculture, and urbanization. Conclusion: By adopting ecocentric values, Indonesia can ensure that its protected areas are managed in a way that promotes the sustainability of both human and natural systems. Novelty/Originality of This Study: This study introduces a novel approach by integrating deep ecology and biocentrism into protected-area prioritization in Indonesia. It offers fresh insights into how these ethical frameworks can reshape conservation policies for long-term biodiversity sustainability

Critical review of mine closure regulations and alignment with ecological restoration principles

Background: Indonesia, as one of the largest coal producers and exporters, faces negative impacts of mining such as water quality degradation, landscape changes, and social conflicts. Although the government has various regulations from MEMR and MoEF, the implementation of mine reclamation is often suboptimal, hampering ecological and biodiversity recovery. This study examines environmental regulations, especially related to mine closure issued by the two ministries. Methods: This study uses a literature study method by analyzing mining closure regulations in Indonesia, including the Decree of the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources No. 7/2014, the Decree of the Minister of Environment No. 3/2014, and the Decree of the Minister of Finance No. P.60/Menhut-II/2009, and their relation to ecological restoration. The analysis was conducted using the content analysis method to extract conclusions from related documents, focusing on the criteria for the success of reclamation and mine closure. Findings: There are differences in mine closure regulations with ecological restoration criteria, which show that the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation No. 7/2014 has the highest suitability with a score of 54.55%. This analysis reveals that the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Regulation emphasizes stakeholder consultation, rehabilitation planning, and monitoring, while the Minister of Forestry Regulation No. 60/2009 focuses more on vegetation formation and erosion control, and the Minister of Environment Regulation No. 3/2014 provides guidelines for biodiversity management and fauna recolonization. conclusion: This study shows that the current reclamation and post-mining regulations from the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Ministry of Forestry, and Ministry of Environment require coordination to create regulations that ensure sustainable mining in Indonesia. Novelty/Originality of This Study: The novelty of this study lies in its critical analysis of regulatory gaps, highlighting the need for synchronized policies to ensure effective ecological restoration in the mine closure phase

Preserving ecological balance through forest management, the sasami tradition, and sustainable food adaptation

Background: Amidst the pressures of modernization, the local wisdom of indigenous communities offers a relevant model for sustainability. This study deeply examines the integrated socio-ecological system in the Cireundeu Indigenous Village, which has successfully maintained ecological balance through ancestral traditions. Methods: Using a qualitative case study approach, data were collected through literature review, in-depth interviews with a customary leader, and participatory observation. Findings: The results indicate that the resilience of the Cireundeu system is supported by three interconnected pillars: (1) a customary forest zoning system (leuweung larangan, tutupan, baladahan) as a functional conservation practice; food adaptation based on cassava (Rasi) as a foundation for food sovereignty; and a mechanism for transmitting Traditional Ecological Knowledge (TEK) through the Surasa dialogue forum and customary rituals. Conclusion: The analysis concludes that these pillars are not separate practices but are holistically interconnected within a socio-ecological system. The sustainability of this system is underpinned by a web of positive feedback loops between spiritual beliefs, social institutions, and tangible ecological outcomes, offering a potent counter-narrative to fragmented modern development paradigms. Novelty/Originality of this article: The novelty of this article lies in its holistic analysis of how interconnected socio-ecological practices in Cireundeu Indigenous Village—spanning forest zoning, cassava-based food sovereignty, and knowledge transmission through rituals—form a sustainable resilience model that counters fragmented modern development paradigms

Assessing the sustainability of community livelihoods: An ecological approach to enhancing livelihoods in forest area

Background: This study aims to assess the level of sustainable livelihoods in a village with significant natural resource potential, analyze the assets affecting the community's livelihoods, and propose strategies to enhance sustainability. Methods: This research was conducted in Piantus Village, Sejangkung District, over four weeks, using surveys, interviews, and questionnaires. A sample of 86 families from 598 was selected through Random Sampling. Descriptive analysis, processed with Microsoft Excel, assessed five livelihood assets: human, natural, social, financial, and physical. Findings: The results of this study indicate that based on the community livelihood asset indicator index in Piantus Village, Sejangkung District, Sambas Regency, the average index scale score obtained from community livelihood assets was 0.62 with moderate criteria which means not yet sustainable. Conclusion: The strategy carried out by the Piantus Village community is the Accumulation Strategy, the condition of the assets owned by the Piantus Village community is not yet sustainable and can be said to be relatively unsustainable so that accumulation needs to be carried out to improve its condition. Novelty/Originality of This Study: By incorporating both qualitative and quantitative methods, it provides fresh insights into the challenges and opportunities for enhancing livelihood sustainability in resource-dependent communities, offering a new strategic framework for ecological-driven livelihood improvement

Pelestarian plasma nutfah padi untuk mendukung ketahanan pangan beras Indonesia

Abstra

Pembangunan IKN dan perlindungan keanekaragaman hayati

oai:ojs2.journal-iasssf.com:article/446Background: The Indonesian government has decided to relocate the capital from Jakarta to the Nusantara Capital in East Kalimantan. On the other hand, the capital development area is a center of ecosystems that serve as habitats for various animals and plants. This research aims to understand the changes in ecosystems and biodiversity protection in the new capital region of East Kalimantan. Methods: This research employs a literature review method to use previous references as a basis for understanding the phenomena under study. Additionally, ecological concepts and biodiversity are also utilized. Finding: This research finds that the process of relocating the capital will face issues involving social, economic, and environmental aspects. Since the beginning (2015-2019), East Kalimantan has been burdened with ecological problems, such as forest fires, thus the ecological burden of capital development cannot be avoided. Therefore, government capacity is needed to ensure the preservation of biodiversity. Conclusion: The development of the new capital must consider principles of conservation protection, life support systems, and sustainable utilization

Kajian literatur: Pertanian perkotaan sebagai penyedia jasa ekosistem dalam tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan

Masalah global seperti pertumbuhan penduduk, kekurangan pangan, keamanan pasokan bahan pangan, dan perubahan iklim semakin menjadi perhatian. Latar Belakang: Artikel ini membahas bagaimana pembangunan berkelanjutan dianggap sebagai pendekatan yang mendukung ekologi lanskap. Perencana kota di masa depan dihadapkan pada tantangan melindungi kota hijau, mendukung pertumbuhan ekonomi perkotaan, dan mewujudkan keadilan sosial. Metode: Penulis memanfaatkan berbagai literatur untuk menyusun bangunan artikel ini. Temuan: Pertanian perkotaan di negara berkembang diadopsi sebagai solusi untuk mengatasi kemiskinan dan meningkatkan kesejahteraan penduduk perkotaan. Peran pertanian perkotaan dalam praktiknya mengaplikasikan seluruh tujuan sustainable development goals (SDGs) dalam pembangunan ekonomi, sosial, dan lingkungan, kecuali pada ekosistem lautan. Indikator sosial dalam tujuan pembangunan sosial SDGs dari pertanian perkotaan yang dapat ditemukan adalah ketenagakerjaan, penyediaan bahan pangan, kesejahteraan masyarakat, tingkat pendidikan, peran perempuan, dan bentuk komunitas. Indikator ekonomi dalam tujuan pembangunan ekonomi SDGs dari pertanian perkotaan yang dapat ditemukan adalah jangkauan bahan pangan di pasar, status pekerjaan, kepemilikan lahan, subsidi pangan, dan akses kredit. Indikator lingkungan dalam tujuan pembangunan sosial SDGs dari pertanian perkotaan yang dapat ditemukan adalah penyimpanan air, penggunaan lahan, pengurangan produksi emisi, regulasi iklim mikro, dan biodiversitas. Kesimpulan: Praktik pertanian perkotaan sejalan dengan tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan. Kebaruan/Orisinalitas artikel ini: Penelitian ini memperlihatkan hubungan yang tidak terpisahkan antara pertanian di ruang kota dan pembangunan berkelanjutan

Tata kelola lingkungan berkelanjutan sebagai implementasi kebijakan pertahanan negara

Latar Belakang: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskan tata kelola lingkungan perkotaan dan permukiman, terutama bagi masyarakat yang tinggai di sekitar atau bantaran sungai dan danau. Tata kelola ini diperlukan untuk mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan nomor 11 sekaligus mencegah dampak negatif dan risiko yang kemungkinan timbul. Metode: Selain didukung dengan kepustakaan yang memadai, penelitian ini secara metodologis juga dikerjakan dengan wawancara mendalam dengan para ahli lingkungan. Dalam upaya memberikan solusi alternatif atas tawaran tersebut, penelitian ini merumuskan keputusan yang diolah dengan metode analytical hierarchy process dengan mempertimbangkan hasil diskusi bersama para ahli lingkungan dan tata kelola perkotaan melalui focus group discussion. Temuan: Penelitian ini mendapati bahwa mencapai tujuan pembangunan berkelanjutan tentang kota dan permukiman adalah tanggung jawab yang harus dilakukan dengan tetap memperhatikan sisi kemanusiaan dan keseimbangan lingkungan. Oleh karenanya, dibutuhkan rumusan kebijakan publik yang mendasarkan desain sistem perkotaan dan permukiman yang kuat, aman, bersih, layak huni, dan tangguh. Kesimpulan: Penelitian ini berkesimpulan bahwa penataan lingkungan tempat tinggal harus didasarkan pertimbangan keamanan nasional karena lingkungan juga terkait dengan keamanan nasional. Kebaruan/Orisinalitas artikel ini: Penelitian ini mengintegrasikan tata kelola lingkungan dengan persoalan ketahanan negara sebagai dua hal yang tidak terpisahkan