Behavioral and institutional determinants of PPE use among nurses during the COVID-19 outbreak

Background: Health services as the sector most affected by this situation must also prepare to face the Covid-19 pandemic. Hospitals must start thinking about the steps to be taken to continue treating Covid-19 patients but at the same time also provide services to general patients with minimal risk of transmission, so it is called a balancing act. Methods: This study was obtained by distributing questionnaires to respondents to determine the description of knowledge, attitudes, completeness, comfort, and supervision of respondents, namely nurses at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital. Findings: The gender characteristics of nurses at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital are dominated by female nurses as many as 75 people (92.4%) while male nurses as many as 6 people (7.6%). The majority of nurses at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital completed their last education at DIII as many as 65 people (79.7%), and Bachelor Degree+Ners as many as 16 people (20.3%). The average length of work of nurses at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital is 1-10 years, which is as many as 55 people (68.8%). The lowest length of work as a nurse is 1 month and the highest is 25 years. The level of knowledge regarding compliance with the use of PPE among nurses at Grha Permata Ibu Hospital is at a good level of knowledge, which is as many as 76.3% and less good, which is as many as 23.8%. Conclusion: People who are vulnerable to infection are people who are close to patients or nurses who treat Covid-19 patients. Nurses are currently at significant risk of contracting the infection so it is important for nurses to protect themselves from exposure to the virus. This is what makes nurses and doctors feel unsafe in using PPE because in providing care to patients, the corona virus has been proven to survive in the environment and will be a potential source of infection for hours or even days. Novelty/Originality: This study reveals that the most common reason for not using PPE among nurses was the unavailability of PPE—an operational gap that is often overlooked in previous research on PPE compliance in hospital settings during the pandemic

Factors influencing presenteeism: The role of individual characteristics, job demands, and job insecurity in the workplace

Background: Presenteeism affects both the quality and quantity of work, leading to decreased concentration, reduced performance, lower productivity, and increased costs, ultimately impacting organizational efficiency. This study explores the relationship between individual characteristics, job demands, and job insecurity with presenteeism among employees at PT X in 2024. Method: This research employs a cross-sectional study design, with data analyzed using the chi-square test. A purposive sampling method was used to select 90 employees from PT X. The study utilized the Stanford Presenteeism Scale-6 questionnaire, the Job Demands-Resources (JDR) model, and the job insecurity scale developed by Hellgren. Results: The findings of the study reveal that a significant number of employees displayed high levels of presenteeism. Specifically, 70 employees were identified as exhibiting this behavior, which represents 77.8% of the total employee population. This indicates that a large proportion of the workforce is physically present at work but not fully engaged or productive. Conclusion: The study concludes that job insecurity and gender are significantly associated with presenteeism. To address this issue, companies should enhance communication regarding policies, job status, and future organizational direction. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study uniquely underscores the role of job insecurity and gender in presenteeism, offering valuable insights into workplace productivity. The findings suggest targeted interventions focusing on job security and transparent communication to mitigate presenteeism and improve overall employee well-being

Detection of chemical drug adulterants in herbal supplements: A GC-MS identification of paracetamol, prednisone, and prednisolone

Background: Traditional Medicine and Health Supplements are products intended to provide health benefits because they are made based on herbal ingredients that do not contain Chemical Drugs/Bahan Kimia Obat (BKO), but sometimes there are some Chemical Drugs/Bahan Kimia Obat (BKO) detected in Traditional Medicine and Health Supplements such as Paracetamol, Prednisone, and Prednisolone. Methods: Identification of the three compounds was carried out using the Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry method. Sample codes 0014A and 0014B have retention times and areas that are not the same as the standard solutions of the three compounds. Findings: The presence of these three compounds makes Traditional Medicine and Health Supplements dangerous if they exceed the specified requirements. Conclusion: The identification results of Paracetamol show a retention time value of 9,559 and an area of ​​169 for sample code 0014A, in sample 0014B no retention time and area were detected. In the identification of Prednisone and Prednisolone, both samples 0014A and 0014B no retention time and area were detected, so it can be said that the samples meet the requirements and are suitable for consumption by the public. Novelty/Originality of this article: Based on the analysis method (103/OTSK/MA-PPPOMN/20) states that the determination of the detection limit (LOD) for Paracetamol is 4.32 µg/g (solid preparation) and 2.02 µg/mL (liquid preparation), for Prednisone is 25.18 µg/g (solid preparation) and 11.78 µg/mL (liquid preparation), and Prednisolone is 86.86 µg/g (solid preparation) and 40.63 µg/mL (liquid preparation)

Resilience of caregivers for pediatric cancer patients: Integrating psychosocial and environmental stressors in the context of occupational and environmental health

Background: This study discusses the resilience of parents who care for children with cancer. Without realizing it, parents as caregivers have a crucial role to accompany their children during the treatment process. Furthermore, against the background of psychological and social challenges, parents also endure a decrease in quality of life and disruption of family functioning. Methods: In contrast to previous studies, this study used a literature review method to integrate concepts regarding resilience factors, resilience processes, and resilience functions. In contrast to previous studies, this study used a literature review method to integrate concepts regarding resilience factors, resilience processes, and resilience functions. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, this study reviewed seven previous studies using the case study review method. Findings: There are different types of pediatric cancers and their treatment which leads to differences in resilience factors and processes among parents. These differences in resilience factors and processes resulted in different resilience functions achieved by the parents. Conclusion: Resilience factors are components that contribute to parents' resilience, while resilience functions are outcomes or benefits obtained after parents apply a series of resilience processes. Novelty/Originality of this article: In contrast to previous studies that emphasize individual psychological factors, this study offers a comprehensive perspective by integrating resilience factors, resilience processes, and resilience functions in the context of parents facing childhood cancer

Work stress, employee capacity, and organizational policy: A quantitative study on the effects of age and job rotation on work ability

Background: Employability is the capacity possessed by every worker and is a balanced value between personal resources and work factors. Methods: This study used a cross-sectional study design with a research sample of 99 respondents obtained through simple random sampling technique. This research instrument uses The Workplace Stress Scale to measure work stress and the Work Ability Index to measure work ability. This study used chi-square test analysis and multiple logistic regression. Findings: Work ability can be affected by work stress because it disrupts individual health and has an impact on the company. This study aims to determine the relationship between work stress levels and work ability in employees of Company P in 2024. Conclusion: The results showed that the level of work stress was significantly associated with work ability (p=0.003; POR=4.209; 95% CI=1,708-10,369). The results of multivariate analysis showed that age (p=0.017; POR=0.222; 95% CI =0.065-0.761) and job rotation (p=0.000; POR=76.951; 95% CI=12.524-472.811) were confounding variables of the relationship between work stress level and work ability. Novelty/Originality of this article: In this study, the variable most related to work ability is job rotation. Companies can consider before rotating employees and facilitating training in specialized fields so that employees have skills in related fields

Moderation effect analysis of assimilator-explorer cognitive style in the relationship between big five personality and innovative work behavior

Background: This research is aim to see the moderate effect of assimilator-explrorer cognitive styles on the relationship between big five personality and innovative work behavior. Methods: This quantitative study utilized a non-probability convenience sampling method involving 125 employees from a shipbuilding manufacturing company. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, One-Way ANOVA, and a simple regression test with the PROCESS macro by Hayes to examine the moderating effect. Findings: Effect of moderation is considered due to inconsistent relationship between the big five personality and innovative work behavior. Conclusion: The main results of this study were processed using regression test with a PROCESS macro from Hayes (2013) and accompanied by additional results that is correlation between variables and demography analysis. Four dimension of big five personality are significantly correlated with innovative work behavior, 1 dimension of big five personality is significantly correlated with assimilator-explorer cognitive style, and there is no correlation between assimilator-explorer cognitive style and innovative work behavior. Based on demography analysis, there is difference score on assimilator-explorer cognitive style by job tenure, work unit and education. Based on the regression test, there is moderation effect of assimilator-explorer cognitive style on neuroticism dimension personality and innovative work behavior F(3,121)=4.76, R²=0.03, b=-0.16, t(121)=-2.18 (p <0.05). Novelty/Originality of this article: This study is different from previous studies. Therefore, further research is strongly encouraged to understand the role of cognitive-asimilator-explorer style in moderating the five major personalities and innovative work behaviors

Health promoting university programs as a strategy for reducing tuberculosis stigma and enhancing environmental

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TB or TBC) is a deadly infectious disease that surpasses HIV and malaria as the leading cause of infectious death. Indonesia ranks second in global TB cases. The main challenges in eliminating TB are stigma, social problems and low adherence to treatment due to access to services. The Health Promoting University aims to increase health awareness in universities. This study encourages the participation of the younger generation to voice TB issues in their surroundings and on social media. Method: This research uses a descriptive qualitative method, analyzing secondary data from regulations and literature and a mini survey to measure Indonesian students' understanding of Tuberculosis. Findings: The results of the research show that Indonesia has the second highest TB cases in the world, with vulnerable groups such as students exposed through droplets when sufferers cough or sneeze. Risk factors for students include fatigue from studying, smoking habits, and intense social interactions. WHO data shows that the TB death rate in Indonesia will reach 134,000 in 2022. TB also triggers stigma and discrimination, hindering patients in education and employment. Increasing awareness supported by concrete policies is the main solution in overcoming the spread of TB. Conclusion: Universities in Indonesia have a strategic role in creating a healthy campus environment, in accordance with Law No. 12 of 2012 concerning Higher Education and Regulation of the Minister of Education and Culture No. 3 of 2020. Through the Health Promoting University, universities are expected to integrate health education, such as TB prevention, into campus culture. Novelty/Originality of this article: This program involves various efforts, such as the formation of TB prevention communities, socialization of clean living behavior, routine health checks, and a "Zero Tolerance" policy for health risks. With this approach, campuses contribute to national efforts to eradicate TB, create a healthy learning environment, and increase students' health awareness

Student contribution to the healthy campus program for supporting tuberculosis elimination by 2030: A strategic approach to public health and environmental health awareness

strategic step in achieving national health targets. The main problem faced is the high prevalence of TB in Indonesia, especially in the productive age group, which can hinder the development of the younger generation. Method: The purpose of this study is to analyze the contribution of students in the Healthy Campus Program to support TB elimination through an educational approach, socialization, and utilization of technology. The method used in this study is a literature study by reviewing various literature, scientific articles, and relevant program reports. Findings: The results of the discussion show that students have great potential as agents of change in educating the public regarding TB prevention, early detection, and treatment. The Healthy Campus Program is a strategic forum that allows students to play an active role, for example through independent screening activities using the SOBAT TB application, healthy living campaigns, and the formation of anti-TB volunteer groups. The use of social media and collaboration with health institutions also strengthen the role of students in disseminating health information. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study confirms that the active involvement of students in TB elimination can have a significant impact on creating a healthier campus environment that is responsive to health issues. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study offers an innovative approach by integrating the role of students as agents of change through the Healthy Campus program that utilizes the SOBAT TB application for self-screening, health education, and social media campaigns, creating a technology-based active participation model in supporting Tuberculosis elimination

Education and involvement of medical students in health policy as a long-term strategy to attain health goals in developing countries

Background: The extent of a country’s development depends on the growth of its economy, the level of literacy, as well as the advancements in public health and the national healthcare system. Barriers to a sustainable development in the health sector of a country include financial and socio-political aspects as well as intergenerational communication and transfer of knowledge. Literature on health policy training in developing nations is scarce. Methods: This scoping review was carried out through academic literature search on related articles published from 2014 to 2024, supplemented with indirectly related articles, older academic articles and recent non-academic publications where necessary due to information insufficiency - in order to answer three main research questions regarding the trend in academic interest in this topic, the landscape of health policy education for medical students in developing countries and evidence that the students’ participation in health policy roles can have a positive impact on national healthcare. Findings: 56 articles on medical students’ health policy education and involvement were retrieved, which mostly originated from developed countries. Further investigation found some records of this topic in developing countries, which enabled its discussion and comparison to its counterparts in developed nations. Conclusion: Improving the delivery of health policy education in developing countries is crucial for sowing future physicians’ interest and ability in controlling and advocating for national health issues - which is ultimately important for the development of the national healthcare structure and its capability to overcome not only short term, urgent crises, but also satisfy the long-term needs in a continuously developing nation. Novelty/Originality of this article: No literature has previously been published as an overview of health policy education and involvement of medical students in developing countries and its comparative analysis with the scenario in developed countries as a means of development goal strategy mapping

Impact of assertive training on violent behavior reduction in psychiatric patients: A case study approach

Background: Violent behavior is a condition where a person vent their feelings and anger in a physical form that can harm themselves, others and the environment. One of the nursing interventions that can be given patients with violent behavior is assertive training. The purpose of this study was to determine changes in the level of violent behavior through assertive training. Methods: The research design used is descriptive observational with case studies. The sample is Mr. M with a diagnosis of violent behavior who was treated at RSJ. Radjiman Wediodiningrat Lawang. The inclusion criteria in this study were patients with violent behavior problems, patients who were able to communicate well, patients who had completed at least SP1, while the exclusion criteria were patients refusing to be managed patients, patients who were getting mechanical restraints. Nursing interventions carried out are doing SP1-SP5 and doing assertive exercises in sessions 1-4. Findings: The findings of the intervention obtained patients can find out the causes of anger, identify unmet wants and needs, communicate the causes of anger, express verbal refusal, reject irrational requests. Conclusions: Assertive training teaches patients to train interpersonal communication skills, in conveying their needs, rights, without ignoring the rights of others so as to reduce violent behavior. This therapy is effective for reducing violent behavior and symptoms of patients with violent behavior. Novelty/Originality of this article: This study introduces assertive training as an effective non-pharmacological intervention to reduce violent behavior in psychiatric patients. It highlights how structured assertive exercises improve communication skills, enabling patients to manage anger and express needs appropriately