Endorsement of artificial intelligence guidelines across leading obstetrics and gynecology journals: A preliminary cross-sectional analysis

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming research in Obstetrics and Gynecology by advancing data analysis, facilitating systematic reviews, and enhancing clinical applications. However, its adoption raises concerns related to transparency, ethical considerations, and reproducibility. This study investigates how leading Obstetrics and Gynecology journals address these concerns and opportunities through their author instructions and editorial policies.Methods: A cross-sectional analysis was conducted on the top 100 peer-reviewed Obstetrics and Gynecology journals, ranked by the 2023 SCImago SJR indicator. Information was collected from each journal's "Instructions for Authors" to assess AI-related policies, including specific guidelines for reporting AI use, authorship criteria, and the role of AI in manuscript development and image creation. Correlation analyses were used to explore the relationship between AI-related policies and the journals’ characteristics.Results: Among the 100 journals reviewed, 92% included guidance on AI usage in their author instructions. Most journals prohibited AI authorship while mandating disclosure of AI involvement in manuscript submissions. While 14% of the journals allowed AI-generated content, only 7% permitted AIgenerated images. Journals with higher impact factors were more likely to have detailed AI policies, although there were notable gaps in standardization and clarity.Conclusion: Although many Obstetrics and Gynecology journals recognize the growing influence of AI in research, few have implemented specific AI reporting guidelines (RGs), limiting the consistency and transparency of AI usage. We advocate for the development of robust and standardized guidelines to ensure that research remains ethical, reproducible, and of high quality in this new era of AI innovation

Endorsement of artificial intelligence guidelines across leading emergency medicine journals: A cross-sectional analysis

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing Emergency Medicine research by improving data analysis, systematic reviews, and clinical practices. However, its incorporation raises issues related to transparency, ethical considerations, and reproducibility. This study examines how prominent Emergency Medicine journals address these challenges and opportunities through their author guidelines and policies.Methods: A cross-sectional review of the top 100 peer-reviewed Emergency Medicine journals, ranked by the 2023 SCImago SJR indicator, was conducted. Information was extracted from each journal’s "Instructions for Authors" to assess AI-related policies, including AI-specific reporting recommendations, authorship criteria, and the utilization of AI in manuscript creation and image generation. Correlational analyses were performed to explore the relationship between AI policies and journal characteristics.Results: Among the 100 journals reviewed, 56% addressed AI use in their guidelines, with most journals prohibiting AI authorship but mandating the disclosure of AI involvement in submissions. AI-generated content was permitted by 21% of journals, while 19% authorized AI-generated images. Journals with higher impact factors were more inclined to include comprehensive AI policies, though significant inconsistencies and gaps in standardization remain.Conclusion: Although numerous Emergency Medicine journals acknowledge AI's role in research, few support AI-specific reporting guidelines, hindering the standardization and transparency of AI usage. We advocate for the adoption of thorough guidelines to ensure ethical, reproducible, and high-quality research in the age of AI-driven progress

Race in dermatology clinical guidelines: A systematic review of impacts on health equity

Introduction: Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) synthesize evidence to guide dermatologic care and improve outcomes. However, the use of race in CPGs has the potential to perpetuate or mitigate health inequities. Race is a sociopolitical construct rather than a biological determinant of health, and its misuse in clinical recommendations may reinforce structural inequities. This study systematically reviews the use of race in dermatology CPGs to assess its impact on health care equity and identify opportunities for improvement.Methods: This study included dermatology CPGs published between January 1, 2019, and April 30, 2024, providing guidelines for patients aged 18 years or older in the United States. CPGs not published in English, irrelevant to dermatology, or aimed at populations outside the United States were excluded. A comprehensive search was conducted, and identified CPGs were organized into Rayyan or a Google Sheet. Duplicate records were removed. Two authors independently screened all CPGs for eligibility in a masked, duplicate manner. Discrepancies were resolved through discussion, with a third-party reviewer mediating unresolved disagreements.Results (Expected): Preliminary analysis anticipates dermatology CPGs utilizing race in their recommendations or background. It is expected that a proportion of these will use race in a manner that could negatively affect health care equity, such as conflating race with biological risk factors or perpetuating stereotypes. Conversely, a proportion is expected to use race positively by addressing health disparities or promoting inclusivity. Final results will be compiled, analyzed and finalized by January 20, 2025, in preparation for the symposium.Conclusions: This study anticipates highlighting critical opportunities for improving the use of race in dermatology CPGs to enhance health equity. The findings are expected to inform recommendations for national medical organizations to develop guidelines that address systemic inequities and promote equitable dermatologic care. A finalized conclusion will be presented at the symposium upon completion of the analysis

Poison ivy, poison oak and similar plant identification for the home gardener

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Per - and polyfluoroalkyl substance (PFAS) - Potential risk to rural groundwater systems

The Oklahoma Cooperative Extension Service periodically issues revisions to its publications. The most current edition is made available. For access to an earlier edition, if available for this title, please contact the Oklahoma State University Library Archives by email at [email protected] or by phone at 405-744-6311

Mental health issues and retiring athletes gaps in mental health research for former college athletes: A scoping review

Background: Collegiate sports participation is integral to culture and identity. Transitioning from athletics to regular life often leads to significant mental health concerns. Abrupt lifestyle and identity changes can result in dietary, career, and health consequences that impact athletes' mental well-being. While some data addresses this transition, research focused on developing best practices to support athletes during this period remains limited. This study aims to conduct a scoping review to identify existing research and gaps concerning described supports in mental health, particularly depression and anxiety, in retired athletes.Methods: A scoping review was conducted following SCOPING review guidelines. We analyzed original research, literature reviews, systematic reviews, meta-analyses, clinical trials, and case studies. Articles were sourced from PubMed (MEDLINE), Embase, and the Cochrane Library.Results: A total of 169 articles were identified, with 61 selected for full-text screening and 9 included in the study. These comprised 4 cross-sectional studies analyzing survey data, 4 systematic or scoping reviews, and 1 qualitative analysis. While all articles addressed depression or anxiety, most focused on individuals returning to exercise post-injury and quality of life.Conclusion: Current research highlights the needs of collegiate, professional, and retired athletes. Limited literature exists on former collegiate athletes, with available studies emphasizing university programs to ease transitions and help athletes apply their skills in retirement. Research gaps include examining programs across divisions and sports, minimizing self-reporting surveys, and conducting longitudinal studies. Future efforts should focus on addressing these gaps to better support athletes transitioning to life beyond sports

Behavioral exercise motivation is more associated with ACFT success than body composition in collegiate Army ROTC cadets

Objectives: Reserve Officers’ Training Corps (ROTC) cadets face unique physical demands due to structured military-style training, which may predispose them to musculoskeletal injury. However, concurrent evaluation of cadets’ musculotendinous structure, neuromuscular function, and behavioral factors such as sleep and exercise motivation is limited. Therefore, the primary purpose of this investigation was to compare musculotendinous morphology, tendon mechanics, and neuromuscular characteristics between ROTC cadets and physically active, non-military controls. A secondary investigative purpose was to assess whether body composition and motivation were associated with Army Combat Fitness Test (ACFT) performance within cadets. Methods: Thirty-four ROTC cadets (n=5 females; n=29 males) and 34 sex-, age-, and body mass-matched controls completed questionnaires on training habits, injury history, sleep (PSQI), and exercise motivation (BREQ-3), followed by body composition assessment, diagnostic ultrasonography of the medial gastrocnemius and Achilles tendon, and isometric plantarflexion force testing. Independent t-tests compared group means, and Pearson’s bivariate correlations were used within the ROTC group to assess relationships between Achilles tendon properties and sleep quality, as well as between exercise motivation, body composition, and ACFT performance, with significance set at α = 0.050. Results: Cadets presented greater weekly exercise volume and increased Achilles tendon stiffness compared to controls (all p≤0.004; d≥0.71), despite reduced gastrocnemius muscle volume, shorter fascicle lengths, and lower plantarflexion force (all p≤0.039; d≥0.43). Within cadets, poorer sleep quality was moderately associated with increased tendon stiffness and reduced echogenicity (all r≥.400; p≤0.046), while intrinsic exercise motivation (r=.693; p=0.001), but not body composition (all r≤0.211; p ≥0.371), showed moderate positive correlations with ACFT performance. Conclusions: ROTC cadets demonstrated higher tendon thickness coinciding with lower muscle volume and force production, suggesting potential increased musculotendinous injury risk. Additionally, intrinsic motivation, rather than body composition, showed stronger associations with ACFT performance. These findings highlight the importance of evaluating both physical and behavioral traits to better understand readiness and injury susceptibility in tactical populations.Lew Wentz FoundationKinesiology, Applied Health, and Recreatio

Personal radiation dosimeter for pilots, flight attendants, and frequent flyers

During high altitude transoceanic flights, frequent flyers are exposed to higher levels of ionizing radiation. Radiation at aviation altitudes results from cosmic rays interacting with atmospheric nuclei, triggering nuclear reactions that create a cascade effect. These cascades are known as cosmic ray air showers. Most radiation is blocked in the upper atmosphere; however, some particles penetrate through to aviation altitudes. The high-energy particles that reach aviation altitudes can pose potential health risks for frequent flyers, including pilots and flight attendants. This research project focuses on the development of a handheld radiation detector that can be carried by frequent flyers during long duration flights to measure their radiation exposure. The device implements the use of a Geiger-Müller counter and a microcontroller to detect ionizing radiation from the atmosphere. To function, the detector employs a programming system that collects, processes, and displays the radiation data. In the future, the detector will be tested on commercial flights in collaboration with colleagues at Oklahoma State, as well as high-altitude balloon flights. Data collected from the detector could potentially usher a more comprehensive understanding of radiation levels at aviation altitudes and further emphasize the importance of monitoring these levels for health and safety.Physic

Endorsement of artificial intelligence guidelines across leading immunology journals: A cross-sectional analysis

Background: Artificial intelligence (AI) is revolutionizing immunology research, advancing data analysis, systematic reviews, and clinical applications. Yet, its integration presents challenges related to transparency, ethical considerations, and reproducibility. This study investigates how top immunology journals respond to these issues and opportunities through their author guidelines and policies.Methods: The top 100 immunology journals, ranked by the 2023 SCImago SJR indicator, were reviewed in a cross-sectional study. Data from each journal's 'Instructions for Authors' were analyzed to evaluate policies related to AI, such as reporting guidelines, authorship criteria, and the use of AI in preparing manuscripts and generating images. To explore connections between these policies and journal characteristics, correlational analyses were conducted.Results: Of the 100 journals evaluated, 66% addressed AI use in their instructions, with most prohibiting AI authorship while requiring disclosure of AI involvement in submissions. AI-generated content was allowed by 29 % of journals, while 18 % approved of AI-generated images. Journals with higher impact factors were more likely to include detailed AI policies, but significant gaps in standardization and guidance remain.Conclusion: Although many immunology journals acknowledge the growing role of AI in research, few have adopted AI-specific reporting guidelines, which hinders standardization and transparency. To address this, we recommend implementing comprehensive guidelines to promote ethical, reproducible, and high-quality research in the age of AI-driven advancements

Safety and utility of magnetic resonance imaging of patients with external fixators: A systematic review

Background: External fixation devices are essential in orthopedic trauma care for stabilizing fractures and facilitating recovery. However, their presence creates unique challenges for Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) due to potential image artifacts and heating effects, which may compromise diagnostic efficacy and patient safety. This study aims to evaluate the impact of external fixators on MRI image quality and to provide evidence-based recommendations for their safe and effective use.Methods: We conducted a systematic analysis of the effects of external fixation systems during MRI. Both clinical and experimental data were reviewed, focusing on artifact size, image distortion, and potential heating of fixator components. Variables such as fixator material, orientation within the scanner, and imaging parameters were assessed to determine their influence on imaging outcomes.Results: External fixators generated varying degrees of image artifacts, predominantly influenced by the type of material (stainless steel vs. titanium) and their position relative to the imaging plane. Titanium fixators exhibited smaller artifact profiles compared to stainless steel. Optimization of imaging parameters, including sequence selection and artifact reduction techniques, significantly mitigated distortion. No clinically significant heating was observed under standard MRI conditions.Conclusions: External fixation devices impact MRI image quality, but their effects can be minimized with careful selection of materials and imaging protocols. Titanium fixators are preferable for reducing artifacts, and optimized imaging techniques can enhance diagnostic accuracy. These findings support the safe integration of MRI in patients with external fixation systems, advancing evidence-based orthopedic care