[La irreconciliabilidad y el papel del TJUE tras el Brexit]

In the latest court decision in the context of the “Prestige” case,post-Brexit legal complexities came to the forefront. The “London P&I Club” contested a Spanish court’s decision demanding compensation for an oil spill. Invoking arbitration,the Club sought to prevent enforcement of the Spanish judgment in the UK. However,the CJEU ruled the arbitration couldn’t block the Spanish judgment’s recognition. Challenging this,Justice Butcher of the London High Court found the CJEU had overstepped its jurisdiction. He concluded the arbitration proceedings could indeed impede the Spanish judgment’s enforcement,highlighting tensions between UK courts and CJEU post-Brexit,and raising critical questions about arbitration’s role in international disputes and the principles of irreconcilability and public policy.arbitrationenforcementIrreconcilabilitypublic policyres judicat

A strategic sustainability model for global luxury companies in the management of CO2 emissions

Luxury brands are at the forefront of sustainability efforts and carbon emission reductions to fight climate change. The goal of this paper is to analyze such climate change challenges in terms of cost efforts within large luxury conglomerates. In doing so,financial metrics have been gathered for the top 100 companies in the luxury sector and compared against CO2 emissions metrics with regressive methods. This enables the study of relationships between sustainability and finance to explore if sustainability is expensive and if sustainability is explained by costs,sales,taxes,or investment. Such works allow the setting of conclusions on financial and managerial decisions and,moreover,set a new framework of analysis based on financial variables and the positive or negative impact on CO2 emissions,such as which financial variables generate more CO2 emissions (luxury sales,capital investment and financial cost) and which help to reduce such emissions (cost of goods sold,general expenses and taxes). © The Author(s) 2024.CO2 emissionsCost analysisCSRLuxury brandsStrategySustainabilit

Constitutions as moving targets

Constitutions change in different ways,and some constitutions - such as the Chilean Constitution - change often. The significant changes to the Chilean Constitution have been frequent and fast,and they have accompanied the failed constitution-making processes of the previous years. Examples include crucial sub-constitutional statutes such as the electoral system regulation and same-sex marriage,political practices challenging the power of the president in the law-making process,constitutional rules such as term limits for legislators,judicial practices such as the enforcement of social rights and the amendment procedures of the Constitution itself. Despite the successful attempts at reforming the Constitution and the failed attempts at replacing it,Chileans are still trying to replace the constitutional document. However,the constitutional framework has become unstable,making it harder to agree on what exactly is wrong with it. This article seeks to open a conversation in the constitutional literature. It argues that constitutions can become moving targets and uses the Chilean case to show the need to theorize more about the moving target problem. © The Author(s),2023. Published by Cambridge University Press.ChileChilean Constitutionconstitution-makingconstitutional changeconstitutional frameworkmoving target constitutio

ARE sustainable funds doing the talk and the walk? An ESG score analysis of fund portfolio holdings

Our paper contributes to the growing literature by conducting a comparative analysis between sustainable funds (SF) and conventional funds (CF) with a global geographical perspective. The paper aims to test if SF are true to their identity through a comparative and multi-regional perspective analysis of the funds' ESG performance and sustainability risk. The sample comprises 92 matched pairs of funds. Our research shows that self-labeled sustainable funds exhibit better ESG performance and sustainability risk scores than their pairs,indicating alignment with their identity and nature. Furthermore,the results also indicate that there are different ESG behaviors depending on the geographical areas of investment. In particular,funds with portfolios invested in Europe present a higher ESG performance than those invested in North America,and funds invested in Emerging Markets and Asia present a lower performance and higher risk than those in North America. This paper provides three main novelties: 1) multiregional perspective,2) different ESG score perspectives using different and complementary indicators of sustainable behavior based on risk and performance,and 3) a matching process starting with the same fund management company,geographical area of investment and investment category that help us isolate the issue of the use of ESG labels. The results of this paper open new insights and research avenues that connect sustainable investment with aspects like quality of information,fiduciary duty,and regulatory development. © 2024 The AuthorsThis paper is supported by the project UJI-B2021-72 (Universitat Jaume I) and project CIAICO/2021/090 (Generalitat Valenciana).And greenwashingESGESG ScoreInvestment fundSRISustainable funds (SF

Impressive Insults: How do consumers perceive self-deprecating advertisements?

Most advertisements highlight a product's positive attributes to attract consumers. Yet, some brands deliberately criticize themselves by employing self-deprecation within their communications, such as Carlsberg's “Probably not the best beer in the world” campaign. This research examines whether, when, and why consumers react more favorably to self-deprecating advertisements. In six experiments, we demonstrate that when the self-deprecated attribute holds less importance to consumers, self-deprecating (vs. self-promoting) advertisements enhance brand trust by elevating the brand's social attractiveness and diminishing consumer skepticism. Importantly, self-deprecation in advertisements also lowers consumers' tendency to avoid them. We empirically rule out several alternative explanations (i.e., consumer engagement, sentiment, nonconformity, and novelty) for these effects. Our research builds on prior studies in impression management and social psychology, contributing to the literature on advertising, self-deprecation, and consumer skepticism by promoting the strategic use of self-deprecating advertisements to bolster brand trust and reduce advertising avoidance. We offer actionable insights for managers and practitioners, highlighting how self-deprecation can effectively address the challenges of building trust in diverse consumer-facing marketing contexts.yesPublishe

Maladaptive Smartphone Usage

This chapter examines the phenomenon of maladaptive smartphone consumption, considering its detrimental effects on individuals and exploring potential strategies to overcome this behavior. Despite the many beneficial aspects of smartphones, growing concern has been raised about the potential maladaptive nature of excessive smartphone usage. This chapter provides an overview of the literature on this topic. Specifically, we explore the habitual nature of smartphone usage and under what conditions it should be considered maladaptive. We further provide an overview of existing research on adverse consequences of smartphone usage for subjective wellbeing, cognition, academic performance, and employment-related consequences of smartphone overuse as well as social outcomes (e.g., phubbing). To overcome maladaptive smartphone usage, we summarize interventions to reduce smartphone usage based on different mechanisms (e.g., self-control approaches, digital nudges and design frictions, incentives) and highlight measurement issues when researching this topic. We conclude by providing recommendations for policy-makers, researchers, and businesses dealing with maladaptive smartphone consumption. Overall, this book chapter provides a comprehensive examination of maladaptive smartphone consumption, its consequences, and potential solutions. By addressing the multifaceted aspects of this behavior, it offers insights for researchers, firms, and policy-makers alike.yesPublishe

Analyzing the Impact of Events Through Surveys: Formalizing Biases and Introducing the Dual Randomized Survey Design

Social scientists and public opinion analysts often use survey data to test how important events impact respondent beliefs, attitudes, and preferences. This paper offers a formal analysis of the pre-event/post-event survey approach, including designs that seek to reduce bias using quota sampling, rolling cross-sections, and panels. Our analysis distinguishes between various sources of bias and clarifies the comparative strengths and weaknesses of each approach. We then propose a modified panel design that can reduce bias in cases where asking respondents to complete the same survey twice could impact their responses in Wave 2. This issue is acute when fielding conventional pre-event/post-event panels due to the short time horizon between Waves 1 and 2. Our analysis elucidates important insights that can improve social scientists’ ability to study the causal impact of important events through surveys.noPublishe

Radicalizing safety: A critical narrative analysis to abolish the police

The dominant narrative in much of the world is that public safety is provided by policing,evidenced by supportive rhetoric from institutional forces including politicians,media,and large budget allocations in all levels of government. Alongside a long history of police violence,especially against Black,Brown,poor,and other marginalized people,many social movements reject the idea that policing provides safety and seek other methods for community wellness. The present study utilizes critical narrative analysis (CNA) to describe how marginalized residents of a small city in Iowa construct their understanding of personal and community safety. Their stories and the dialectic exchange during interviews illustrated several counternarratives and moments of conscientization for participants and researchers where safety was deconstructed and understood outside the power of recycled institutional narratives. Participants rejected popular notions of safety such as police,and instead embraced safety through robust relationships,community resources,and forms of self-knowledge such as mental health. We analyzed their interviews as efforts to be humanly recognized within violent white supremacist structures,and their stories help to radicalize popular messages about safety. We highlight their world-making abilities as they craft their own networks of community and safety outside of the state and police. © 2024 The Authors. Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of Society for the Psychological Study of Social Issues

Dynamics of entrepreneurial well-being: Insights from computational theory

We explore the dynamics of entrepreneurial performance and well-being through computational theory. Our model connects mechanisms of work-related motivation and strain processes with the unfolding of an entrepreneurial process. The simulation results show that how an entrepreneur's energy ebbs and flows over their journey,charting certain venturing performance and levels of well-being,can be linked to distinct interplays of ambition,skill,self-regulation,and dynamism. Our work contributes a holistic account of entrepreneurship and well-being,stimulates computational modelling,and enriches discussions about the entrepreneurial future of work. © 2023 The Author(s)Computational theoryEntrepreneurEntrepreneurshipSimulationSystem dynamicsWell-bein

The alien conifer Cupressus arizonica can outcompete native pines in Mediterranean mixed forests under climate change

Exotic species have been introduced in afforestation and reforestation initiatives worldwide. climate change,including increased aridity and extreme events,can promote the spread of exotic species used in forest plantations while hampering the performance of natives. evaluating whether climate change may affect the success of biological invasions is key to project dominance shifts in forest ecosystems,yet it requires a comprehensive approach that integrates main demographic rates driving tree population dynamics. here,we evaluated the performance of co-occurring native pine species (pinus pinaster,p. nigra and p. sylvestris) and the exotic cupressus arizonica in mixed forests in mediterranean mountains by comparing their main demographic rates (regeneration,mortality and growth) and radial growth response to extreme droughts and to climate change scenarios. overall,the exotic c. arizonica showed less growth dependence to climatic variability,higher growth resilience to drought,lower mortality and higher regeneration capacity than p. sylvestris and p. pinaster. however,p. nigra showed higher regeneration and similar growth response to extreme droughts than c. arizonica. in addition,growth models pointed to better performance of the exotic species under future climate change scenarios than co-occurring natives. our results suggest that c. arizonica can increase its dominance (relative presence within the forest area),which can enhance its invasive potential and range expansion. thus,attention is needed to better control the invasive potential of this exotic species in mediterranean forest ecosystems. © Silvia Medina-Villar et al. This is an open access article distributed under terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (Attribution 4.0 International – CC BY 4.0).EMT-4338) and by the grant PID2019-110470RA-100 (ADAPTAMIX)funded by MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033. VCA was supported by the NEWFORLAND project (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades RTI2018-099397-C22) and by the Ministry of Universities, Spain and Next Generation-EU, with a \u201CMaria Zambrano\u201D fellowship. AH was supported by the Basque Country Government funding support to FisioKlima-AgroSosT (IT1682-22) research group. We acknowledge funding support by the Complutense University of Madrid and Banco Santander (GR105/18) by the Regional Government of Madrid (REMEDINAL-TE-S2018/EMT-4338) and by the grant PID2019-110470RA-100 (ADAPTAMIX) funded by MCIN/ AEI/10.13039/501100011033. VCA was supported by the NEWFORLAND project (Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades RTI2018-099397-C22) and by the Ministry of Universities, Spain and Next Generation-EU, with a \u201CMaria Zambrano\u201D fellowship. AH was supported by the Basque Country Government funding support to FisioKlima-AgroSosT (IT1682-22) research group. We acknowledge funding support by the Complutense University of Madrid and BancoBiological invasionsclimatic scenariosdendroecologydroughtforest dynamicsglobal changeinvasivenessresilienc